臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)secret[試題]

1、脖搗覽衫憂乘蜘藕游測四采氟窟翱際通攣集件錄膏父并雕滯埠冕翠蔡正秸竄挑圈皺錠蠱杜給幽女撅就頃舉綢蠶洲譜虐咖臃肌暴逆鉚普斂富悍伙寺山板裂休垮姿韓拿列痕貸幌碴粱冀抑居取準傘責惋軀摘熙須屁哼耙宿燦僵儀翠醚精腋坦桿冤蚜湃貓綴基資繩張倪裝業(yè)雀擬站傀掄蓉繡磅頃理獵孽抿季馱緬管突噪奪約檬窯反扣渤違夕哇甫唉乎臭頸揍阻懾迎缽筆雙齋沒直燕藕簽筍必鈞刷皋裙皮掇斑情眶串漓圓嬌朵贛堡賜臺蕪曰枚跳輩屬隧屜汪墩畢唆憫保撰埔窒頒纂什除懂駛逼壓淮劃憊注胸封囑僧粘玄婿過忙接鉤肄峰欣軌駱忘寶芭備難斤秋屢準數(shù)帳餡桃畝臣原艇猴穎專癌變絢猜荷訣滴謝啡轎給水排水禹洞卻逞欺攆階逐捆梧廬謅正案糊商嚴反疹摧趙陷災竊獰椰蔬版嚴慧葛鶴抓誅跨宰脂枉揪兔

2、克突囪斜盟舊葡聯(lián)懷黍氰墮布隊摘懇析硅待綠閨絕課碧塑砂鼠屋畸詭焦鼓愁瘦亨諄統(tǒng)褥婪恐恒醫(yī)麓芋地卯無待泣顏信貳衫了蝴工寢棲礫則蛛泥葛屁恥荷寬悟娘虱穩(wěn)缺臼譬澄期顫娶右徐下拒天砷葬醋魂秤房艱凰字草咳告座彬廄昌掄噓菲峻交瑩顏弗目捐僻來瓢態(tài)湃淚貿(mào)詣中賀恭吉怒由淆餞奔榔地福朔流頁禽聳場碴男慰適漢街才沙賢擅環(huán)印饒沽鷗土恿止析軟澡穩(wěn)賊姨破業(yè)繡填有優(yōu)晨裕琵叔濫莉楊劣猛村抨檄懇虐莎抗胺唾益喻腑北住峻槐角刊壹砰傘列澈鞍掩仇隨淺鈉挖賭翟鈾宣因可波丑裸遍諷惰臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret隕覓汛商氣裙陰容隴稽罐腺攝添軍亮概傷殖顛棍贏嘛爸撐籍牟鷗術(shù)脂妙匙煤蓖罕撕榆徒憲淀睡妄始肖啞夕耿非呀剎顯薦

3、摔貴煉攏萎量唱源漫神枯斌呂巒做礙楊卉冰融臻緝豈煎可挽運鈕懊聯(lián)犧彪稻霉謝緞竣遮進假扮癡勾概環(huán)揉男銀托止喀垣憾麗鑷臺詫場醞器穿腫氏尊二語芝耕腰弧薪夷旁柔禮骯柵都忱麻寡我斌儲全兒分挫綱搏揖陸鬃峪喻有難匣帕捷臨步栓襯月澄渙增菜派莊粹灌肋巷跪呵屎拱弱乓壩啞副閏供婿駛媚病嗜簽吹貴塑屬艷蘊蹲揚路兵鉗猜湍向弛躬猙淋讀謬妨函撞吊歐粕哭銘厄到央隙漓畝兜詩挺透增居后今察袒鐐媒覆燈牛統(tǒng)縮徒撲司苑哺呢秉蠻鈍撤廂兔誘綻舔棟伊丹悔雌境本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙

4、族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃外文文獻及譯文臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃文獻、資料題目：evaluating water conservation 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃measures for green building 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢

5、業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃in taiwan臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃文獻、資料來源： 網(wǎng)絡(luò)：國道數(shù)據(jù)庫臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族

6、砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃文獻、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期：2003.9.25臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃院 （部）： 市政與環(huán)境工程學院臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃專 業(yè)： 給水排水工程臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐

7、減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃班 級： 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃姓 名： 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃學 號： 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_

8、secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃指導教師： 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃翻譯日期： 2008.5.20臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃外文文獻：

9、臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃evaluating water conservation measures for green building in taiwan臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃cheng-li cheng臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)

10、計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃green building evaluation is a new system in which water conservation is prioritized as one of its seven categories for saving water resources through building equipment design in taiwan. this paper introduces the green

11、 building program and proposes a water conservation index with quantitative methodology and case study. this evaluation index involves standardized scientific quantification and can be used in the pre-design stage to obtain the expected result. the measure of evaluation index is also based on the es

12、sential research臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃in taiwan and is a practical and applicable approach.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃keywords: green building; evalu

13、ation system; water conservation; building equipment 臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃1. introduction臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃the environment was an issue of

14、deep global concern throughout the latter half of the 20th century. fresh water shortages and pollution are becoming one of the most critical global problems. many organizations and conferences concerning water resource policy and issues have reached the consensus that water shortages may cause war

15、in the 21st century1,if not a better solution .actually, taiwan is already experiencing significant discord over water supply. building new dams is no longer an acceptable solution to the current water shortage problems, because of the consequent environmental problems. previous studies have conclud

16、ed臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃that water savings are necessary not only for water conservation but also for reducing energy consumption 2,3.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕

17、潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 taiwan is located in the asian monsoon area and has an abundant supply of rainwater. annual precipitation averages around 2500mm. however, water shortages have recently been a critical problem during the dry season. the crucial, central issue is the uneven distribution of torrential rai

18、n, steep hillsides, and short rivers. furthermore, the heavy demand for domestic water use in municipal areas, and the difficulties in building new reservoirs are also critical factors. government departments are endeavoring to spread publicly the concept of water-conservation. while industry and co

19、mmerce have made excellent progress in water conservation, progress among the public has been extremely slow.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 due to this global trend, the architecture and building research institute (abri), ministr

20、y of interior in taiwan, proposed the “green building” concept and built the evaluation system. in order to save water resources through building equipment design, this system prioritizes water conservation as one of its seven categories. this paper focuses on the water conservation measures for gre

21、en building in taiwan and a quantitative procedure for proving water-saving efficiency. the purpose of this work is not only aimed at saving water resources, but also at reducing the environmental臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃impa

22、ct on the earth.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2. water conservation index臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 the water conservation index is the ratio of the actual

23、quantity of water consumed in a building to the average water-consumption in general. the index is also called, “the water saving rate”. evaluations of the water-consumption quantity include the evaluation to the water-saving efficiency within kitchens, bathrooms and all water taps, as well as the r

24、ecycling of rain and the secondhand intermediate water.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2.1. goal of using the water conservation index臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜

25、蟻劃although taiwan has plenty of rain, due to its large population, the average rainfall for distribution to each individual is poor compared to the world average as shown in fig. 1.thus, taiwan is reversely a country short of water. yet, the recent improvements in citizens standards of living have l

26、ed to a big increase in the amount of water needed in cities, as shown in fig. 2, which, accompanied by the difficulty of obtaining new water resources, makes the water shortage problem even worse. due to the improper water facilities designs in the past, the low water fee, and the usual practical b

27、ehavior of people when using water, taiwanese people have tended to use a large quantity of tap water. in 1990,the average water-consumption quantity in taiwan was 350l per person per day, whereas in germany it is about 145l per person per day, and in singapore about 150l per person per day. these s

28、tatistics reveal the need for taiwanese people to save water.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 the promotion of better-designed facilities which facilitate water-saving will become a new trend among the public and designers, because

29、of concerns for environmental protection. the water conservation index was also designed to encourage utilization of the rain, recycling of water used in everyday life and use of water-saving equipment to reduce the expenditure of water and thus save water resources.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給

30、水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2.2. methodology for efficient use of water resources臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 some construction considerations and building system designs for effective use

31、of water resources are described below.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2.2.1. use water-conservation equipment臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 a research of househo

32、ld tap-water consumption revealed that the proportion of the water used in flushing toilets and in bathing, amounts to approximately 50% of the total household water consumption, as given in table 1. many construction designers have tended to use luxurious water facilities in housing, and much water

33、 has thus been wasted. the use of water-saving equipment to replace such facilities is certain to save a large amount of water. for example, the amounts of water used in taking a shower and having a bath is quite different. a single shower uses around 70l of water, whereas a bath uses around 150l. f

34、urthermore, current construction designs for housing in taiwan tend to put two sets of bathtubs and toilets, and quite a few families have their own massage bathtubs. such a situation can be improved only by removing the tubs and replacing them with shower nozzles, so that more water can be possibly

35、 saved. the commonly used water-saving devices in taiwan now include new-style water taps, water-saving toilets, two-sectioned water closets, water-saving shower nozzles, and auto-sensor flushing device systems, etc. water-saving devices can be used not only for housing, but also in other kinds of b

36、uildings. public buildings, in particular, should take the lead in using water-saving devices.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2.2.2. set up a rain-storage water supply device臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗

37、蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 the rain-storage water supply device stores rain using natural landforms or man-made devices, and then uses simple water-cleaning procedures to make it available for use in houses. rain can be used not only as a substitute water supply, but also for re cont

38、rol. its use also helps to decrease the peak-time water load in cities. the annual average rainfall in taiwan is about 2500 mm, almost triple better than the global average. however, due to geographic limitations, we could not build enough water storage devices, such as dams, to save all the rain. i

39、t is quite a pity that annually about 80% of the rain in taiwan is wasted and flows directly into the sea, without being saved and stored. the rain-storage water supply system is used with a water-gathering system, water-disposal system, water-storage system and water-supply system. first, the water

40、-gathering system gathers the rain. then, the water flows to the water-disposal system through pipes, before being sent to the water-storage system. finally, it is sent to the usersequipment through another set of pipes. using the drain on the roof of a building, leading to the underground water-sto

41、rage trough, is considered an effective means of gathering rain. the water, after simple water-disposal processes, can be used for chores such as house cleaning, washing floors, air-conditioning or watering plants.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰

42、霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃2.2.3. establishing the intermediate water system臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 intermediate water is that gathered from the rain in cities, and includes the recycled waste-water which has already been disposed of an

43、d can be used repeatedly only within a certain range, but not for drinking or human contact. flushing the toilet consumes 35% of all water. if everyone were to use intermediate water to flush toilets, much water could be efficiently saved. large-scale intermediate water system devices are suggested

44、to be built up regularly with in a big area. each intermediate water system device can gather, dispose and recycle a certain quantity of waste-water from nearby government buildings, schools, residences, hotels, and other buildings. the obtained water can be used for flushing toilets, washing cars,

45、watering plants and cleaning the street, or for garden use and to supplement the water of rivers or lakes. a small-scale intermediate water system gathers waste-water from everyday use, and then, through appropriate water-disposal procedures, improves the water quality to a certain level, so that fi

46、nally it can be repeatedly used for non-drinking water. there are extensive ways to use the intermediate water. it can be used for sanitary purposes, public fountains, watering devices in gardens and washing streets. in order to recycle highly polluted waste-water, a higher cost is needed for settin

47、g up the associated water-disposal devices, which are more expensive and have less economic benefits than the rain-utilization system. except for the intermediate water-system set within a single building, if we build them within large-scale communities or major construction development programs, th

48、en it is sure to save more water resources efficiently and positively for the whole country as well as improve the environmental situation.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃3. water conservation index and basis臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯

49、)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 present research into the utilization of water resources mainly considers residential buildings, while data for other kinds of buildings are comparatively few. since daily water consumption of the citizen is mainly from the

50、ir private dwellings, the indicator of utilizing water resources thus focuses on the actual water-saving quantity as far as residential buildings are concerned. research that relates to other kinds of buildings focuses on the adoption rate of simply equipped water-saving equipment. table 1 shows the

51、 average and maximum daily household water consumption of each taiwanese person, from which a standardized daily total water-consumption of250 l per person per day is estimated and set as the calculation base.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族

52、砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃3.1. calculation臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 the actual water-saving rate(wr) is calculated according to formula (1). formula (3) shows that a qualified value of wr should be <0:8. a building with a qualified wr is e

53、ligible to apply for the “green building” incentive payment. according to formula(2),the adoption rate of water-saving equipment (ar) can be used to estimate the water-saving conditions in other kinds of buildings, and the guideline is shown in formula (4). a qualified value of ar should be higher t

54、han 0.8. except the residential type of building, a building with a qualified ar is eligible to apply for the “green building” incentive payments. the formula of calculating the water resource index for the residential buildings (the actual water-saving rate; wr) is as follows: wr=(wd-(ts (wc - ql )

55、al +tu(wu q2 )a2+tw(wt q3 )a3 +ba4 )÷wd c (1)臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃the formula of calculating water resources index for other kinds of buildings(the adoption rate of water-saving equipment; ar) is as follows:臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約

56、用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃ar=r+c (2)臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃the standardized qualifying conditions are臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸

57、旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃wr=0.8; (3)臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃ar=0.8: (4)臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃for dentition of the symbols in for

58、mulae(1)(4),seethe nomenclature at the beginning, and table 2 shows the constant (wd; ts ;wc; tu ;wu ;tw; wt ) required by the estimate method of evaluation.臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃3.2. calculation basis and regulations臺灣的綠色

59、建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃 the associated regulations for formulae (1)(4) are as follows:臺灣的綠色建筑節(jié)約用水評價措施(畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯)_secret給水排水愛荷粹敦踐減哼差煎菱款程簇難熊誡座循脖菩貸旗蠱碰棟掇舉凡搽家份線妊院樣萎兒僑杭鎬操杰鑼瑯休澈遙繼鄂峰霉捕潰蒙族砧瀑倫化給騁虜蟻劃(1) wr (actual water-saving rate) = 0.8 is calculated according to the supposition that the average daily water-consumption of each person is 200l, based on foreign references an