《初中定語講解》word版

1、.初中階段教學(xué)要求的定語從句用法學(xué)習(xí)定語從句：在復(fù)合句中作定語用修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。1.         定語從句的位置：放在名詞或代詞的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨傘的人是我的叔叔。)2.         語法術(shù)語的改變：被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞稱為關(guān)系詞，其中that、which、w

2、ho稱為關(guān)系代詞，where、when、how稱為關(guān)系副詞。3.         關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞的作用：1)        關(guān)系代詞who、whom 和whose指人，分別在從句中作主語、賓語和定語。which指物that多指物， 有時(shí)也指人，它們?cè)趶木渲锌梢宰髦髡Z或賓語。定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作從句賓語時(shí)可以省略。 This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these

3、days. (這個(gè)就是我們近日一直在找的小偷。) Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (請(qǐng)找一間足夠大能住下我們?nèi)w的房間。) The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在畫畫的學(xué)生是一年級(jí)的。) Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat? (你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)戴著紅帽子的男人嗎？) Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?

4、(你找到幾天前丟失的那本書了嗎？) Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?(你看得見順著河跑的男人/狗了嗎？)2)        關(guān)系副詞when或where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，它們?cè)趶木渲蟹謩e作時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)或方式狀語。如： This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (這是一個(gè)星期前他們吵架的房間。) This is the place where Mr Zhang once

5、lived.(這就是張先生曾經(jīng)住過的地方。) Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(請(qǐng)告訴我你的英語是怎樣學(xué)得這么好的方法。) I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記第一次見到你的日子。) 4.         限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句在句中不能省略，否則主句意思就不完整。非限制性定語從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開，這種從句是一種附加說

6、明，如果從句子中省去，也不致于影響主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book， which none of us had heard of. (她一個(gè)晚上都在談?wù)撍罱臅?，我們一個(gè)人都沒有聽說過那本書。)注 解1.      關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況：當(dāng)先行詞是指事物的不定代詞(all， anything等)，或先行詞部分含有最高級(jí)，或含有序數(shù)詞時(shí)，不能用其他的關(guān)系代詞，只能用that. 如：All that Lily told me seems un

7、true. (Lily告訴我的話似乎不真實(shí)。) Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能給我點(diǎn)里面沒有糖的東西？) This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (這是第一輛運(yùn)行于我市的雙層公交車。) 2.      關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)一般用who(指人)、that(指物)，而不用that指人或用which指物。 如：Do you know the woman who is weeping in the c

8、orner? (你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)在角落里哭泣的女人嗎？) Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me. (跟我無關(guān)的話，請(qǐng)一個(gè)字也不要說。)3.      關(guān)系代詞作從句的賓語時(shí)，常用which或whom，較少使用that或who，而且，關(guān)系代詞常常省略。如：Toms father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom的父親是我們老師第一個(gè)談話的人。) 4.      當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時(shí)，必須用which或whom，而當(dāng)介詞移到句尾