聚類分析-城分類

1、江蘇省13個(gè)城市分類表1-1江蘇省各市要素信息城市常住人口萬人GDP乙元 面積平方公里第一產(chǎn)業(yè)比重第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重南京771.314230.2665823.05%45.64%51.31%無錫619.574991.7247881.88%56.82%41.30%徐州868.192390.161125810.46%52.26%37.29%常州445.182519.9343853.64%56.74%39.62%蘇州936.957740.2084881.85%58.75%39.41%南通713.372872.8080018.23%55.96%35.81%連玄港444.65941.13750016

2、.41%46.29%37.30%淮安481.491121.751007215.24%48.27%36.49%鹽城748.181917.001697217.24%48.19%34.58%揚(yáng)州449.551856.3966347.80%56.13%36.06%鎮(zhèn)江306.941672.0838474.49%58.20%37.32%泰州466.611660.9257978.05%56.78%35.17%宿遷472.51826.85855519.30%46.30%34.39%注：數(shù)據(jù)來源為江蘇統(tǒng)計(jì)局網(wǎng)站2021年各市數(shù)據(jù)，常住人口是根據(jù)2021年人口變動(dòng)情況抽樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)推算的。一、史密斯法1.1計(jì)算根

3、據(jù)各市第二產(chǎn)業(yè)、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)所占GDP的比重，做出散點(diǎn)圖。然后算出13個(gè)市第二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)比重的平均數(shù)，分別向Y軸和X軸做輔助線。分類成果如圖：bW州山 林安rt 1 |J響成I/專皿巾 與州市彳襯述市募卅市A1 1牌rtf州IV擒捕巾 擁州m精江市6Q.DO%-朝口口蛤-55.0Q%-SOOOflt-48.00%-40.00%-35 DO%40 W %4S.OO%50.00%笫二產(chǎn)業(yè)21.2分類徐州、鹽城、宿遷、連云港分為一類揚(yáng)州、南通、泰州、鎮(zhèn)江分為一類蘇州、無錫、常州分為一類南京為一類1.3局限性本方法過于機(jī)械，分類精度較粗，比方徐州和其他蘇北城市有一定的差異，但是還被分在同一類。二、納爾遜法2

4、.1計(jì)算計(jì)算出江蘇省13個(gè)城市三次產(chǎn)業(yè)的平均數(shù)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差。表2-1第一產(chǎn)業(yè)比重第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重平均數(shù)0.09050.52790.3816標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差0.06190.05090.0445力差0.00380.00260.0020觀測(cè)數(shù)1313132.2分類對(duì)每個(gè)城市分類，第一產(chǎn)業(yè)超過超過全省平均值一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差，為第一級(jí)，超出兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差，為第二級(jí),以此類推。表2-2城市第一產(chǎn)第二產(chǎn)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)等級(jí)業(yè)等級(jí)業(yè)等級(jí)南京0-12無錫-100徐州000常州000蘇州-110南通000連玄港1-10淮安100鹽城100揚(yáng)州000鎮(zhèn)江010泰州000宿遷1-102.3局限性受到樣本容量的限制，容易受到異常值的影響。三、

5、聚類分析將南京、無錫、徐州、常州、蘇州、南通、連云港、淮安、鹽城、揚(yáng)州、鎮(zhèn)江、泰州、宿遷分別表示 為：G1、G2、G3、G4、G5、G6、G7、G8、G9、G1、0G11、G12、G13。3第一步：將所有6項(xiàng)指標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。結(jié)果如下：表3-1人口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化面積GDP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化第-重標(biāo)-產(chǎn)業(yè)比:準(zhǔn)化第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化第三產(chǎn)業(yè)比重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化G10.73710.20840.49230.06880.00001.0000G20.49620.07170.60240.00170.85280.4080G30.89090.56470.22610.49280.50500.1709G40.21940.04100.24490.102

6、60.84670.3087G51.00000.35361.00000.00001.00000.2957G60.64510.31650.29590.36560.78720.0834G70.21860.27830.01650.83440.04960.1715G80.27710.47430.04270.76730.20060.1236G90.70041.00000.15770.88140.19450.0106G100.22640.21230.14890.34150.80020.0982G110.00000.00000.12230.15130.95800.1721G120.25340.14860.12

7、060.35530.84970.0455G130.26280.35870.00001.00000.05030.0000第三步，采用最遠(yuǎn)距離法歸類。可以看出G10和G12之間距離的值最小，將G10揚(yáng)州和G12泰州分為一類，并劃去相應(yīng)的行列，下表述中不在重復(fù)，新類別類別號(hào)為G14.然后求出其中兩個(gè)元素對(duì)應(yīng)的其它的距離，求其中的最大值。公式為：d14=maxd1o,d12,然后依次照這種方法計(jì)算，最后歸處類別。G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G10G11G12 G13G10G2 1.99950G3 2.53442.340G4 2.50430.87142.0837013*13一G5 2.68891

8、.44462.20672.11720G6 2.39711.45441.06071.30011.88680G7 2.70792.94261.96572.1313.74922.03860G8 2.95122.88381.51382.18913.53981.80760.5470.0000G9 3.15943.51261.55353.25623.76022.05821.6971.29710G10 2.83281.56641.61320.77032.50490.72171.5231.46972.5030G113.1841.53892.35290.67972.54821.60922.1952.25293.

9、3910.88740G12 3.00581.52061.76670.78482.58670.84561.6741.56652.5520.23510.8430G13 3.09853.33172.19282.60853.98762.17510.4790.67901.511.83822.6721.80D=( dij)第二步：求相應(yīng)個(gè)點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的距離，其中的距離為絕對(duì)值距離。4將G10和G12歸類后圖表如下：5將G8淮安和G15歸并為G16,得圖表如下:G1G2G3G4G5G6G9G11G14G16G10G21.99950G32.53442.340G42.50430.87142.08370D=(dj)i0

10、*i0=G52.68891.44462.20672.11720G62.39711.45441.06071.30011.88680G93.15943.51261.55353.25623.76022.05820G113.1841.53892.35290.67972.54821.60923.3909 0G143.00581.56641.76670.78482.58670.84562.55160.88740G163.09853.33172.19282.60853.98762.17511.69742.6723 1.8380G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G11G13G10G21.99950G32.5

11、3442.340G42.50430.87142.08370G52 68891.44462.20672.11720D=(dij)12*12=G62.39711.45441.06071.30011.88680=G72.70792.94261.96572.1313.74922.03860G82.95122.88381.51382.18913.53981.80760.5470.0000G93.15943.51261.55353.25623.76022.05821.6971.29710G113.1841.53892.35290.67972.54821.60922.1952.25293.3910G133.

12、09853.33172.19282.60853.98762.17510.4790.67901.512.67230G143.00581.56641.76670.78482.58670.84561.6741.56652.5520.88741.838重復(fù)上訴步驟，將G7連云港和G13宿遷歸并為一類G15,得表如下G140G1G10G21.9995G32.5344G42.5043G52.6889D=(dij)ii*ii=G62.3971G82.9512G93.1594G113.184G143.0058G153.0985G2G3G4G5G6G8G9G11G1402.3400.87142.083701.4

13、4462.20672.117201.45441.06071.30011.886802.88381.51382.18913.53981.807603.51261.55353.25623.76022.05821.297101.53892.35290.67972.54821.60922.25293.390901.56641.76670.78482.58670.84561.56652.55160.88703.33172.19282.60853.98762.17510.6791.69742.6721.8382G1506D=(dij)9*9=G1G2G3G5G6G9G14G16G10G21.99950G3

14、2.53442.340G52.68891.44462.20670G62.39711.45441.06071.88680G93.15943.51261.55353.76022.05820G143.00581.56641.76672.58670.84562.55160G163.09853.33172.19283.98762.17511.69741.83820G173.1841.53892.35292.54821.60923.39090.88742.6723將G4常州和G11 鎮(zhèn)江歸并為G17,得圖如下:G170D=(dij)8*8=G1G2G3G5G9G16G17G10G21.99950G32.5

15、3442.340G52.68891.44462.20670G93.15943.51261.55353.76020G163.09853.33172.19283.98761.69740G173.1841.53892.35292.54823.3909 2.67230G183.00581.56641.76672.58673.76022.17511.6092將G6南通和G14歸并為G18,得圖表如下:G180.0000D=(dij)7*7G1G3G9G16G17G18G19G10G32.53440G93.15941.55350G163.09852.19281.69740G173.1842.35293.3

16、9092.67230G183.00581.76673.76022.17511.60920G192.68892.343.76023.98762.54822.58670將G2無錫和G5蘇州合并為G19得表如下:D=(dij)6*6G1G16G17G18G19G20G10G163.09850G173.1842.67230G183.00582.17511.60920G192.68893.98762.54822.58670G203.15942.19283.39093.76023.76020將G3鹽城和G9徐州歸并為G20,得表如下78將G17和G18歸并為G21 ,得表如下:G1G1 0G16G19G20G21D=(dij)5*5=G163.09850G192.68893.98760G203.15942.19283.76020G213.1842.67232.58673.76020將G16和G20歸并為G22,得表如下:G1G19G21G22G10D=(dij)4*4=G