新一代信息技術(shù)及其對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響概述

1、一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 Basic Characteristics of the New Generation of Information Technology二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 Impacts of the New Generation of Information Technology on Manufacturing Industry三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 Scientific Problems of Manufacturing Engineering Management In the Internet Era一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征

2、 近年來，“新一代信息技術(shù)”這一概念被提出并廣泛使用。而新一代信息技術(shù)并不僅僅是芯片技術(shù)、通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘、人工智能、虛擬現(xiàn)實等單一信息技術(shù)自身的縱向升級，更主要的是信息技術(shù)與產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合，從而推動的信息服務(wù)平臺和產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體代際變遷。 In recent years, the concept of new generation information technology has been proposed and widely used. And the new generation of information technology is not just a vertical upg

3、rade of chip technology, communication network technology, DM, AI, VR and other single information technology itself. But more important is the integration development of information technology and industries, and thus promote a whole intergenerational change of the information service platform and

4、industries.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展可以劃分為三個階段，第一階段以上世紀(jì)80年代開始廣泛使用的以大型機(jī)、中型機(jī)、小型機(jī)和啞終端為標(biāo)志，這被認(rèn)為是第一代信息技術(shù)平臺。而上世紀(jì)80年代中期到本世紀(jì)初，隨著個人計算機(jī)和通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的分散式服務(wù)器的普及，則標(biāo)志著第二代信息技術(shù)平臺階段。 The development of information technology can be divided into three stages. As a symbol, the first stage began with the extensive using of larg

5、e, medium and small-sized machine and dumb terminals in 1980s, which is considered as the first generation of information technology platform. And from the mid-80s of last century to the beginning of this century, with the popularity of personal computers and decentralized servers connected via the

6、network, the information technology has entered the second-generation platform.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 近十年來，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)、移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)等新興信息技術(shù)快速發(fā)展，形成了新一代的信息技術(shù)平臺架構(gòu)。 Over the past decade, Internet of things, cloud computing, big data, mobile Internet, social networking and other emerging information technologies

7、have shown a rapid development, forming a new generation of information technology platform architecture.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的熱點不僅是信息領(lǐng)域各個分支技術(shù)的縱向發(fā)展，而更重要的是指信息技術(shù)橫向滲透融合到制造、服務(wù)等其他行業(yè)，信息技術(shù)研究的主要方向?qū)漠a(chǎn)品技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)向服務(wù)技術(shù)。以信息化和工業(yè)化深度融合為主要目標(biāo)的“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”是新一代信息技術(shù)的集中體現(xiàn)。 The focus of the new generation of information technolo

8、gy is not only the vertical upgrading of the various branches of information technology, but more importantly the horizontal integration with manufacturing, service and other industries. The main research direction of information technology will shift from product technology to service technology. T

9、he Internet + aiming at the integration of informatization and industrialization is the embodiment of the new generation of information technology. 參考參考：李國杰：李國杰，新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展新趨勢，人民日報，新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展新趨勢，人民日報，20152015年年8 8月月2 2日。日。一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 總體來說，新一代信息技術(shù)，新在網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)的移動化和泛在化、信息處理的集中化和大數(shù)據(jù)化、信息服務(wù)的智能化和個性化。 In gener

10、al, the new of the new generation of information technology refers to the mobile and ubiquitous network interaction, the centralized and big data-based information processing, and the intelligent and personalized information service.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征網(wǎng)絡(luò)互聯(lián)的移動化和泛在化Mobile and ubiquitous network interacti

11、on 近年來，超寬帶、低延時、高密度、高可靠、高可信的無線通信技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展使得移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)快速普及，基于移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的移動應(yīng)用服務(wù)成為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的主要形式，移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶規(guī)模已超過桌面計算機(jī)用戶。 In recent years, the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, with ultra wideband, low latency, high density, high reliability and high credibility, has promoted the rapid popularizatio

12、n of mobile Internet. Mobile applications and services based on mobile Internet have become the main form of Internet based applications. The scale of mobile Internet users have exceeded the desktop computer users.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 未來隨著計算成本的逐漸降低和計算能力的快速提升以及基于軟件的服務(wù)，泛在的網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)將無處不在，成為實現(xiàn)更廣泛的物與物、人與物、人與人之間交互

13、連接的重要載體。 In future, with the gradual reduction of computational costs and the rapid increase in computing power, as well as the software based services, ubiquitous network services will be everywhere. They will become important carriers to achieve the interaction of things and things, people and thi

14、ngs, and people and people.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征信息處理的集中化和大數(shù)據(jù)化Centralized and big data-based information processing 云計算技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，使得分散的服務(wù)器能夠集中在云計算中心，基于虛擬化技術(shù)統(tǒng)一調(diào)度存儲和計算資源，從而提高信息服務(wù)效率，更高效地滿足動態(tài)變化的信息服務(wù)需求。 With the rapid development of cloud computing technology, the distributed servers can concentrate in cloud comp

15、uting center. The dispatch of storage and computing resources can be a unified scheduling based on virtualization technology, thus improving the efficiency of information service, and better satisfying the dynamic information service demands. 一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 計算機(jī)輸入輸出和存儲芯片技術(shù)的革命性發(fā)展，使得集中式信息處理的成本不斷降低，信息

16、處理效率大幅提升。電子商務(wù)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及和應(yīng)用，讓越來越多的消費者成為了大數(shù)據(jù)的生產(chǎn)者，數(shù)據(jù)量呈現(xiàn)爆發(fā)式增長，而信息技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的加速融合又不斷推動基于大數(shù)據(jù)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)創(chuàng)新。 With the revolutionary development of computer input and output and memory chip technology, the cost of centralized information processing is reduced, the efficiency of information processing is greatly

17、improved. With popularization and application of electronic commerce, Internet Financial and social networks, more and more consumers are becoming big data producers. The amount of data showing explosive growth. The accelerated integration of information technologies and traditional industries conti

18、nue to promote the big data based product and service innovation.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征信息服務(wù)的智能化和個性化Intelligent and personalized information service 新興信息技術(shù)正在加速人工智能朝著縱深方向發(fā)展，自然語言理解、機(jī)器感知、情感計算、深度學(xué)習(xí)等人工智能技術(shù)不斷應(yīng)用于人類生產(chǎn)生活的諸多領(lǐng)域，推動智能機(jī)器人、自動駕駛汽車和智慧城市等相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，不斷提升信息服務(wù)的智能化和個性化水平。 The emerging information technology is a

19、ccelerating the development in depth of artificial intelligence. AI technologies including natural language understanding, machine perception, affective computing and deep learning have been applied to many areas of production and human life. It further promote the rapid development of intelligent r

20、obots, automatic driving cars, smart city and other related industries, thus constantly improving the intelligence and personalized level of information services.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征 虛擬現(xiàn)實（Virtual Reality,VR）技術(shù)基于多源信息融合和先進(jìn)的計算機(jī)仿真，創(chuàng)建和體驗虛擬世界，將對工業(yè)設(shè)計、電子商務(wù)、游戲娛樂、醫(yī)療培訓(xùn)、航空航天等諸多領(lǐng)域帶來深刻影響，創(chuàng)新信息服務(wù)的提供方式。 Based on multi-s

21、ource information fusion and advanced computer simulation, virtual reality (VR) technology can create and experience the virtual world. VR will have a profound impact on the industrial design, e-commerce, entertainment, medical training, aerospace and other fields, promoting the innovation of inform

22、ation service provision.一、新一代信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的基本特征1. 系統(tǒng)技術(shù)的縱深化與融合化 Vertical deepening and fusion with industries of system technology2. 功能實現(xiàn)的泛在化與集中化 Ubiquity and centralization of functional implementation3. 信息處理的分散化與云集化 Decentralization and cloud-centralization of information processing4. 信息服務(wù)的個性化與共性化 Individ

23、ualization and generalization of information services二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 在“網(wǎng)前時代”，由于科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展和各類自然資源及人造資源的利用，已經(jīng)形成了相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計與生產(chǎn)方式、服務(wù)提供與交易方式、經(jīng)濟(jì)組織與發(fā)展方式?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)作為一類新的人造資源加入到經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中，必然引起產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重大變革。 In the era of “pre-Internet”, owing to the development of science and technology and the utilization of various na

24、ture and man-made resources, relevant products designing and manufacturing patterns, service delivering and dealing ways, and the economic organization and development paradigm have already formed. As a new type of resource, Internet and big data integrating into the economic development processes w

25、ill definitely trigger significant revolutions to the development of industries. 二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響對產(chǎn)品構(gòu)造的影響The Impact on the product structure 在產(chǎn)品技術(shù)方面，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源不斷融入到傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品中，成為產(chǎn)品的一個關(guān)鍵零部件，使產(chǎn)品逐步成為智能產(chǎn)品和互聯(lián)化的智能終端。它能夠提升產(chǎn)品的效能價值，拓展產(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用范圍。融入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源的制造業(yè)發(fā)展The development of manufacturing industry integrating I

26、nternet and big data resources With respect to the product technology, Internet and big data resources are steadily integrated into traditional products and become the key parts of products, making the products turn into intelligent and connected terminals. It can promote the products utility and va

27、lue and also extend the applications range of the products.二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響智能網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車的新技術(shù)架構(gòu)二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響對產(chǎn)品全生命周期過程的影響The impact on the product lifecycle 在產(chǎn)品研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、使用、維護(hù)、維修和再制造方面，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源深度滲透到產(chǎn)品全生命周期過程中，能夠形成眾智設(shè)計和智能制造，能夠提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的創(chuàng)新能力和產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)及維護(hù)的智能化水平，降低制造過程風(fēng)險。 With respect to the R&D, production, us

28、age, maintenance, repairing, and re-manufacturing of products, Internet and big data resources permeating into the product lifecycle can form the crowd-intelligence designing and intelligent manufacturing, so as to enhance the innovation ability on product designing and the intelligence level of pro

29、ducts manufacturing and maintenance, and at the same time lower the risk in the manufacturing process.二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 例如，在汽車產(chǎn)品全生命周期過程中，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)提供了全新的技術(shù)手段以及海量數(shù)據(jù)，改變了人們對產(chǎn)品全生命周期各階段的關(guān)注重點。 For example, in the automobile product lifecycle process, Internet and big data provide new technological means and

30、 massive data, thus changing peoples focuses on each stages of product lifecycle process. 二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響對制造資源組織方式的影響The impact on the organization manner of manufacturing resources 在制造資源的組織方式方面，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源廣泛應(yīng)用于供應(yīng)商、銷售商和協(xié)作商的協(xié)同過程中，能夠形成全球化網(wǎng)絡(luò)制造，優(yōu)化價值鏈和價值網(wǎng)絡(luò)，使之能夠更快地發(fā)現(xiàn)市場需求，更好地在全球組織制造資源，顯著提高制造業(yè)的資源利用效率。 With

31、 respect to the organization manner of manufacturing resources, Internet and big data resources are widely applied in the collaboration process among the suppliers, manufacturers, and contractors, which can form global network manufacturing, and optimize the value chains and value networks. Thus, th

32、e marketing demands can be recognized more quickly, the manufacturing resources can be finely organized worldwide, and the resources utilization can be significantly enhanced.二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響波音波音707（Boeing 707）2% 90% 上個世紀(jì)上個世紀(jì)50年代，年代，著著名名的波音的波音707客機(jī)，只有大客機(jī)，只有大約百分之二的零部件是在約百分之二的零部件是在國外生產(chǎn)的國外生產(chǎn)的。目前，波音目前

33、，波音787客機(jī)工程量中客機(jī)工程量中90%都是都是由全球各地的由全球各地的四十四十多多個個合合作伙伴共同完成的。作伙伴共同完成的。波音波音787（Boeing 787）二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響對制造業(yè)務(wù)模式的影響The impact on the manufacturing business model 在業(yè)務(wù)模式創(chuàng)新方面，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源能夠加速制造業(yè)服務(wù)化進(jìn)程。有遠(yuǎn)見的制造商已經(jīng)將各類服務(wù)納入銷售范圍，用基于產(chǎn)品的服務(wù)銷售模式取代原有的產(chǎn)品銷售模式，使得產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)之間的界限越來越模糊。 With respect to the business model innovation

34、, Internet and big data resources can accelerate the manufacturing industry servitisation process. Far-sighted manufacturers have included various services as the sale scope, and replace the product sales with service sales, making the boundary between products and services more and more vague.二、新一代

35、信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響利用利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源與大數(shù)據(jù)資源創(chuàng)造全新創(chuàng)造全新產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品服務(wù)服務(wù)一站式服務(wù)遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)預(yù)防式服務(wù)新型服務(wù)來源來源：波特：波特. . 哈佛哈佛商業(yè)商業(yè)評論評論, 2015., 2015.Using Internet and big data resources to create new servicesOne-stop serviceRemote service Preventive serviceNew-type service二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 總之，充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)這一新的戰(zhàn)略性人造資源，不斷提高產(chǎn)品的智能化水平、研發(fā)與生產(chǎn)過程的

36、開放式創(chuàng)新水平和基于產(chǎn)品的服務(wù)化水平，并能重構(gòu)制造資源組合，優(yōu)化制造業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。 In all, making full use of Internet and big data resources can constantly improve the intelligence level of products, the open innovation level of R&D and production process, and the servitization level based on products. Furthermore, it can reconstruct t

37、he manufacturing resource combination and optimize the ecosystem of manufacturing industry.二、新一代信息技術(shù)對制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響 綜上所述，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)創(chuàng)新不可或缺的重要組成部分，極其深刻地影響著制造業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和經(jīng)營模式。在激烈的國際競爭中，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)資源正在推動著制造業(yè)的持續(xù)創(chuàng)新，高效地滿足日益多元化的客戶需求。 In conclusion, Internet and big data resources have become a significant part of

38、modern manufacturing industry innovation, and deeply influence the development strategy and business model of manufacturing industry. In the fierce international competitions, Internet and big data resources are promoting the continuous innovation of manufacturing industry and thus effectively satis

39、fy increasingly diversified customers demands.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)等新興信息技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，深刻地影響著制造工程管理過程，改變了制造過程中人與人、人與組織、人與資源等交互方式。 The rapid development of Internet and big data and other emerging information technologies, profoundly affects the process of manufacturing engineering management. It cha

40、nges the interactive mode of people and people, people and organization, as well as people and resources in the manufacturing process.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 呈現(xiàn)出制造過程協(xié)同化、制造方式個性化、制造資源全球化、制造數(shù)據(jù)多元化、制造產(chǎn)品服務(wù)化等特點，使企業(yè)組織形態(tài)、運營決策模式、協(xié)同制造方式和制造生產(chǎn)模式等方面發(fā)生了重大變革，從而也帶來了很多新的管理科學(xué)問題。 It shows many new characteristics, including

41、 manufacturing process collaboration, manufacturing methods personalization, manufacturing resource globalization, manufacturing data diversity, and manufacturing product service-oriented. Thus, it brings the great transformations of enterprise organization form, operation decision model, collaborat

42、ive manufacturing methods and manufacturing production mode. It also brings many new management science research issues.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 創(chuàng)業(yè)者應(yīng)該充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源開展創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活動，在創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)過程中既要打破互聯(lián)網(wǎng)僅僅是一類技術(shù)系統(tǒng)或應(yīng)用平臺的思維束縛，又要克服急躁情緒，下足功夫去融合線上線下資源，開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品，創(chuàng)新商業(yè)模式，推進(jìn)基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活動。 Entrepreneurs should make full use of Internet re

43、sources to carry out innovation activities. In the process of innovation and entrepreneurship, they should be sure to think outside the box of IaaT and IaaP. Also, they should overcome impatience, make great efforts to integrate online and offline resources, develop new product, and promote business

44、 model innovation.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 企業(yè)應(yīng)該基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的資源觀重新思考原有的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營方式，分析企業(yè)面臨的內(nèi)部條件和競爭環(huán)境，結(jié)合自身的優(yōu)勢，加快基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新和服務(wù)體系創(chuàng)新，不斷優(yōu)化基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源的企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。 Enterprises should rethink the original production and management mode based on Internet resource view. Technological innovation, business model innovation and se

45、rvice system innovation of enterprises based on the Internet resources should be accelerated, by analyzing the internal condition and the competition environment, and combining with its advantages. Thus, the development strategies of enterprises based on Internet resource can be constantly optimized

46、.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 政府應(yīng)該基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的資源觀，充分認(rèn)識互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展影響的基本規(guī)律，制定更加精準(zhǔn)的公共政策，促進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的融合發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)型升級。 Based on the Internet resource view, government should fully understand the basic law of the impact of Internet resource on the economic and social development. The integrated development of Internet

47、 resource and economy & society can be promoted, by formulating more accurate public policies, thus realizing the transformation and upgrading of economy and society.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題例如：1. 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的演變與重構(gòu)理論 (Evolution and reconstruction theory of manufacturing ecosystem in the era of Internet

48、)2. 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造過程的價值創(chuàng)造與服務(wù)化理論 (Value creation and service theory of manufacturing process in the era of Internet)3. 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造單元的自組織與集成理論 (Self-organization and integration theory of manufacturing units in the era of Internet)4. 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造過程的智能運作管理理論 (Intelligent operational management theory of manufacturing

49、process in the era of Internet)5. 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造信息系統(tǒng)開放結(jié)構(gòu)與智能決策理論 (Open structure of manufacturing information system and intelligent decision theory in the era of Internet)三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的演變與重構(gòu)理論 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)環(huán)境下，產(chǎn)品形態(tài)向數(shù)字化和服務(wù)化延伸，產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)的要素不斷拓展，制造資源的組織方式不斷演化。 In the environment of Internet and big data,

50、 products have gradually become digital and service-oriented. The factors of products and service have been continuously extended and the organizational mode of manufacturing resources has constantly evolved.Scientific problem 1: Evolution and reconstruction theory of manufacturing ecosystem in the

51、era of Internet三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 改變了企業(yè)與企業(yè)、企業(yè)與用戶、用戶與用戶間的交互方式，從而擴(kuò)展了傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)邊界，形成了基于價值網(wǎng)絡(luò)的新型制造生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并與其所在的經(jīng)濟(jì)生態(tài)、社會生態(tài)和自然生態(tài)構(gòu)成了多層次生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。 These result in the change of interaction manner between enterprises, enterprise and customer, and customers, and further extended the industrial boundary of traditional

52、manufacturing industry. In this situation, the value network based new manufacturing ecosystem is formed, and the multi-hierarchical ecosystem structure is constructed combined with the economic, social, and natural ecology.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 分析制造系統(tǒng)的新型生態(tài)要素及其行為模式，建立層次化制造生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)，并揭示制造系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與演化機(jī)制，在此基礎(chǔ)上重構(gòu)制

53、造生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與企業(yè)價值理論，從而在系統(tǒng)層面為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)環(huán)境下制造工程管理提供基礎(chǔ)理論支撐。 It is necessary to analyze the new ecological factors and behavior patterns, to establish a multi-level ecosystem structure, and to reveal the system structure and evolution mechanism of the manufacturing system. Then, the manufacturing ecosystem and en

54、terprise value theory are restructured, which provides the theoretical foundation support in the system level.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造過程的價值創(chuàng)造與服務(wù)化理論 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)不僅加速了制造企業(yè)由傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品化思維向服務(wù)化思維的轉(zhuǎn)變，而且把制造服務(wù)化的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)一步深入，推動了制造模式和商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新。 Internet and big data have accelerated the movement of traditional product though

55、t to service-oriented thought in the manufacturing enterprises, deepened the connotation of service-oriented manufacturing, and prompted the innovation of manufacturing and business modes.Scientific problem 2: Value creation and service theory of manufacturing process in the era of Internet三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制

56、造工程管理科學(xué)問題 制造企業(yè)利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)打通線上數(shù)據(jù)分析和線下智能生產(chǎn)過程，利用社會化制造資源和智慧資源，聚合客戶需求、擴(kuò)展創(chuàng)新要素，提高資源利用效率，并以制造服務(wù)的形式參與全球化制造過程，從而實現(xiàn)企業(yè)價值創(chuàng)造。 Manufacturing enterprises use Internet and big data to integrate online data analysis and offline intelligent production process, social manufacturing and wisdom resources to aggregate cus

57、tomer requirements and expand innovation sources so as to improve the utilization of resources. Also the enterprises depend on their preponderant resources to global manufacturing process to implement their value creation.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題 研究互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)環(huán)境下制造服務(wù)資源管理方法和服務(wù)資源間的制造服務(wù)價值網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)同機(jī)制，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步研究制造服務(wù)模式設(shè)

58、計與評價方法的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題，豐富和擴(kuò)展制造服務(wù)化理論。 It is necessary to study the manufacturing service resources management methods of in the Internet and big data environment, and the manufacturing service value network coordination mechanisms among service resources. Then the key technical problems of service model desig

59、n and evaluation methods can be further studied, which can enrich the manufacturing servicization theory.三、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的制造工程管理科學(xué)問題互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代制造單元的自組織與集成理論 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與大數(shù)據(jù)環(huán)境下的制造往往涉及跨部門、跨行業(yè)、跨地區(qū)的多個參與主體，需要構(gòu)建全球化制造網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實現(xiàn)異地設(shè)計和制造資源的協(xié)同。 In the environment of Internet and big data, manufacturing is generally associated with multip

60、le participants across departments, industries, and regions, and needs the construction of global manufacturing network to carry out distributed design and the collaboration of manufacturing resources.Scientific problem 3: Self-organization and integration theory of manufacturing units in the era of Internet三、