牛津上海八年級(jí)下狀語(yǔ)從句專題教案

1、牛津上海八年級(jí)下狀語(yǔ)從句專題教案八年級(jí)下狀語(yǔ)從句專題教案一、專題精講1 .狀語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)介紹狀語(yǔ)從句屬于復(fù)合句。狀語(yǔ)從句中?？嫉氖?時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句分九類：從句種類主要從屬連詞1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever2條件狀語(yǔ)從句if, unless3目的狀語(yǔ)從句in order that, so that4結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so that, such that, so that, so5原因狀語(yǔ)從句because, as, since6讓步狀語(yǔ)從句although, though, even thoug

2、h(if), while7方式狀語(yǔ)從句as if, as though8地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where, wherever9比較狀語(yǔ)從句than, as2 .狀語(yǔ)從句用法詳解對(duì)間狀語(yǔ)從句1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：when（當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候），while （當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候），as（當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候），once（ 一旦），till（ until）（一直到 ，直到 才），by the time（至U 時(shí)），as soon as （一 就）the moment（一 就）.since（自從 ）.before（在 前）.after（左 后）2. when, while , as均可表示 當(dāng) 的

3、時(shí)候“。when強(qiáng)調(diào)特定時(shí)間”，表示主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作與從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生 在主句的動(dòng)作之前；while表示的時(shí)間是一段，而不是一點(diǎn)，as多用在口語(yǔ)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)同一時(shí)間”或前一后”，有時(shí)還有 隨著”的含義。I'll go on with the work when /come back tomorrow .我明天回來(lái)后會(huì)繼續(xù)做我的工作。When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天來(lái)了，他想去旅游。When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（強(qiáng)調(diào)吃

4、飯的時(shí)候）。While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（強(qiáng)調(diào)吃飯的過(guò)程中）While I was studying, you fell asleep.當(dāng)我學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，你睡著了。Just as he was speaking, there was a loud explosion.正當(dāng)他要說(shuō)話時(shí)，傳來(lái)很大的爆炸聲。As I was going out, it began to rain.（強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生）As spring warms the good earth , all flowers begin to

5、 bloom . （as 有 隨著"的含義）3. till/until ,表示 '直到”，主從句都用肯定式；表示 直到才”，主句否定，從句肯定。He worked until it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。He did not get up till his mother came in. 一直至U母親進(jìn)來(lái)他才起床。4. once，旦”,by the time 到， 時(shí)”。Once you see her, you will find what I said is true. 一旦你見到她就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)我說(shuō)的是對(duì)的。Once （it is） published, thi

6、s book will be very popular. 一旦出版，這本書會(huì)大受歡迎。by the time+現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。By the time he arrives, we will already have left here.等他到達(dá)時(shí)，我們將已離開這兒了。by the time+ 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到達(dá)的時(shí)候我們?cè)缫央x開這兒了。5. as soon as, the moment表示從句動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生，通常譯為 匕就“。As soon as I fi

7、nish the work, I'll go to see you. 我一完成工作就會(huì)來(lái)看你。I shall come as soon as I've finished my supper.我吃完晚飯就來(lái)。She came to the scene the moment she heard the new則聽至叫肖息、就來(lái)至 U現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。6. since 自從”,before 在'前“，after 在'后“，It was not long before 意為 不久”。since引導(dǎo)從句用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或過(guò)去時(shí)間段+ago”，主句用完成時(shí)態(tài)。Since h

8、e graduated, he has worked in this city.他畢業(yè)后一直在這個(gè)城市工作。I haven't seen him since last year/ three years ago.去年以來(lái) /3 年來(lái)，我沒(méi)見過(guò)他。He handed in his paper before the bell rang.他在鈴響前交了 卷子。It was not long before he came back.不久他就回來(lái)了。I wrote back to him three days after I got his letter.我接到他信 3 天后就給他回信了。行件狀

9、語(yǔ)從句【經(jīng)典剖析】1 .條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that條件是；as long as只要2 .表示正面的條件用if如果”。If you don't look after young trees, they will die very quickly.如果你不好好照看小樹苗，它們就會(huì)很快死去。If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people won't be able to visit it. 如果進(jìn)入博物館要收費(fèi)，許多人就參觀 不成了

10、。3 .表示否定的條件用unless（ =if. . . not）除非，如果不"。I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 我不會(huì)去看電影， 除非我能在8 點(diǎn)前完成作業(yè)。說(shuō)明：ifnot常可以用unless替代。If you don t study hard, you will fail in the exam.You will fail in the exam unless you study hard.4 .表示使某事成為現(xiàn)實(shí)必要的條件用on condition that條件是&q

11、uot;，as long as只要”。You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank.你可以去游泳，條件是你不能游得離河岸太遠(yuǎn)。As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你繼續(xù)嘗試就定能成功。因此，我們不能說(shuō)：As long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam.5 .祈使結(jié)構(gòu)表?xiàng)l件。前半部分的祈使結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于if條件句，

12、可用動(dòng)詞或名詞開頭；后半部分的簡(jiǎn)單句常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，有時(shí)也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。此句型與條件狀語(yǔ)從句形成同義結(jié)構(gòu)。1）祈使句（，）+and/then+ 簡(jiǎn)單句 => if 從句（否定式）+豐句Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）給我一個(gè)支點(diǎn)，我便能掀動(dòng)地球。=If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth.One more word, and I'll turn you out.你再多說(shuō)一句，我就把你趕出去。=If you speak one

13、more word, I will turn you out.Use your head, then you'll find a way.動(dòng)動(dòng)腦子你就能找到辦法。=If you use your head, you'll find a way.2） |祈使句（，）+or+簡(jiǎn)單句 => if 從句（否定式）+主語(yǔ)Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam.如果不加倍努力，你就永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法通過(guò)考試。=If you don't work harder, you will never pass the exam.Stop

14、 telling lies, or you will be punished.如果你繼續(xù)說(shuō)謊，就會(huì)受到懲罰。=If you don't stop telling lies, you will be punished.,因狀語(yǔ)從句和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從布一1 .原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：because, for, since, as, now that1) because意為 因?yàn)椤埃硎局苯拥脑蚧蚶碛?，著重點(diǎn)在從句，用于回答why,語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺席,因?yàn)樗×恕 didn't go out be

15、cause I was busy with homework.我沒(méi)有出去，因?yàn)槲颐τ诩彝プ鳂I(yè)。有時(shí)，可用because of后接名詞或代詞表示原因，此時(shí) because of=for（介詞）。We won't be able to come because of the weather.由于天氣的原因,我們來(lái)不了。She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital.她因?yàn)榇卺t(yī)院，顯得好多了。2) for意為 因?yàn)?quot;，引導(dǎo)的從句并不說(shuō)明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，且不可位于主句前。 for前往往用逗號(hào)或分

16、號(hào)與主句分開，引起的從句對(duì)主句加以解釋。I didn't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我沒(méi)有去看他，因?yàn)樵谙麓笱?。The days were short, for it was now December.白天短了,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月 了。We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes.我們必須現(xiàn)在就開始籌劃，因?yàn)閷?lái)可能會(huì)發(fā)生意想不到的變化。有時(shí)，for引起的從句并不表示原因，而是表示一種推斷或解釋，而because則不能。So

17、meone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里定有人病了，因?yàn)橛袀€(gè)醫(yī)生剛剛出 3) since意為 既然"、由于"，一般表示對(duì)方已知的、無(wú)需加以說(shuō)明的既成事實(shí)的理由(如果從句表示的原因不是確定的事實(shí)，就不能用since,通常用because)。Since you are going, I will go too.既然你要走，我也走了。Since you are ill, I'll go alone.由于你病了，我就一個(gè)人走了。4) as意為 的于"，表示十分明顯的原因，一

18、般說(shuō)明因果關(guān)系，著重點(diǎn)在主句，語(yǔ)氣較弱。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我們就不去公園了。He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake.他必須道歉，因?yàn)樗浪e(cuò)了。由as表示的原因語(yǔ)勢(shì)最弱，常用于口語(yǔ)。5) now that意為 既然”，有時(shí)可將that省去，含義與since接近。區(qū)別在于：since表示原先已存在的情況， 而now that表示現(xiàn)在才發(fā)生的情況。Now that it has stopped raining, let's star

19、t at once.既然現(xiàn)在雨停了,咱們馬上開始吧！Now that you have come, you may as well stay.既然來(lái)了，你最好還是待在這兒。2 .地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：where, wherever, anywhere, everywherePut it where you can see it.把它放在你看得見的地方。I'll find him, wherever he is.不管他在哪里我都要找到他。You should put the book where it was.你應(yīng)該把書放在原來(lái)的地方。Wherever you go, y

20、ou should do your work well.不論你到哪里都要把工作做好。You can ' t camp anywhere/where/ whereveou like.你不能想在哪里安營(yíng)就在哪里安營(yíng)。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：although, while, even though, even if, whether. (or not), 用 no matter 十 wh-/how 弓I導(dǎo)2. although/though 雖然“。Although I didn 't know anybody at the party, I had a very

21、 good time.雖然晚會(huì)上的客人我一個(gè)也不認(rèn)識(shí)，但我 玩得很愉快。注意“although bit典型的錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)閎ut是并列連詞，不能與從屬連詞although連用。但是，although可與yet, still連用，因?yàn)閥et, still是副詞，它可使前后關(guān)系更明確。3. while意為然而”。1) while用于對(duì)照，說(shuō)明兩種情況相反，意為然而，但是”。Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.湯姆性格外向，而簡(jiǎn)卻靦腆安靜。While I was reading, he was playing. 我在讀書，而他在玩。2) w

22、hile意為 雖然，盡管"，同although ,此時(shí)從句和主句的主語(yǔ)往往為同一人或物。While she liked cats。 she never let them come into her room .雖然她喜歡貓，但她從不讓貓進(jìn)她的房間。4. even if即使"(if后陳述的是假設(shè))；even though盡管"(though后陳述的是事實(shí))。I'm going to apply for the job, even if it pays very little.即使報(bào)酬不高，我也要去申請(qǐng)那份工作。He is an honest man, I s

23、ay, even though I have opposed him.我說(shuō)他是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人，盡管我反對(duì)過(guò)他。5. whether (or not)無(wú)論是 或是”.Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing.無(wú)論是否下雨，我都要外出游玩。Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 無(wú)論勝敗,我們者B會(huì)盡最大努力。注意whether作 無(wú)論”解，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)；whether作 是否"解時(shí)則不能。They'll go out whether it rains

24、 or not tomorrow.無(wú)論明天是否下雨，他們都要出去。Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow?你能告訴我明天是否下雨嗎？6. 用no matter+ wh-/how的詞引導(dǎo)，意為無(wú)論”。no matter who 無(wú)論誰(shuí)， no matter which 無(wú)論哪no matter what 無(wú)論什么,no matter when 無(wú)論何時(shí)， no matter where 無(wú)論哪里， no matter how 無(wú)論怎樣No matter who you are, you must obey the law.無(wú)論你是

25、誰(shuí)，你都應(yīng)當(dāng)遵紀(jì)守法。No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member.無(wú)論你在哪里，你者B應(yīng)當(dāng)記住你是個(gè) 團(tuán)員。It has the same result no matter which way you do it. 無(wú)論用什么方法來(lái)做，結(jié)果者B樣。No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管發(fā)生什么,我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)灰心。You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you g

26、o to see him.無(wú)論什么時(shí)候你去看他，總會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他坐在桌邊工作。No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming. 無(wú)論有多冷，她總、是常去游泳。目的、結(jié)果、比較狀語(yǔ)從句【經(jīng)典剖析】1 .引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：in order that目的是為了， so that,以便以in order that, so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)通常用may, might加動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，也可用 can/ could或will/would加動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。He works hard in order that he can serve his count

27、ry well.他努力工作，目的是為了能更好地為國(guó)家服務(wù)。They started early so that they might arrive in time.他們很早出發(fā)，以便按時(shí)到達(dá)。注意“for+名詞”不用于表目的，但“for珞詞”可用于表目的。Write it in simple English to make（不能用 for making） everybody understand.為了能讓每個(gè)人都理解，請(qǐng)用簡(jiǎn)單 的英語(yǔ)寫。Better get up early for the early train. 為了能趕上早班火車，請(qǐng)?jiān)缫稽c(diǎn)起床。2 .引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的詞：so that

28、以致，sothat如此以致，suchtha假口此以致He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost. 他做了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定， 以至于他丟失了半的 財(cái)產(chǎn)。The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.這個(gè)箱子是如此重，（以至于）無(wú)人能移動(dòng)它。It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.這個(gè)箱子如此重，（以至于）無(wú)人能移動(dòng)它。注意so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，其區(qū)別在于：引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常用逗 號(hào)同

29、主句分開。3 .引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的詞有：than 比，as -as 像樣“，not so as 不像樣“，the more the more 越越'I know you better than he does.我比他更了 解你。We walked as fast as we could.我們盡可能地快步行走。The work is not so easy as you thought.這工作沒(méi)有你想的那么簡(jiǎn)單。Nothing is so precious as health沒(méi)有什么能像健康一樣珍貴。The harder you study, the greater progress y

30、ou will make. 你越努力學(xué)習(xí), 進(jìn)步就越大。專題精講選出最佳答案1） he was listening to the music, John fell asleep.A. AfterB. BeforeC. While D. As soon as-2) How did you try to get to school on time you missed the school bus.A. whenB. howC. whyD. that3) He was riding to school he was hit by a car this morning.A whileB. whenC

31、. asD. so4) Lucy knew nothing about it her sister told her.A. becauseB. untilC. ifD. since5) The policeman asked the child cross the streetthe traffic lights turnedgreen.A. not; whenB. don't; before C. not to; untilD. not to; since6) The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hour

32、s he realized it.A. whenB. after C. untilD. before7) we had seen all the animals, we went home.A. ThenB. AfterC. ThoughD. While8) She has made many friends she came to our school.A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. until9) How long has the weather been like this?A. Until last nightB. Ever since last nightC.

33、 Two days agoD. Two days later10) My uncle went to Australia last year. We haven't seen him .A. since almost a yearB. from almost a year onC. after almost a yearD. since almost a year ago11) He was so tired that he fell asleep he went to bed.A. as ifB. even thoughC. ever since D. as soon as12) I

34、 knew nothing about the accident my friend told me yesterday.A. becauseB. sinceC. untilD. after13) I didn't manage to do it you had explained how.A. untilB. sinceC. whileD. afterKeys1) C 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) D 7) B 8) C 9) B 10) D 11) D 12) C 13) A課堂檢測(cè)(一)1) Would you like to go to the park wit

35、h me, Susan?一I'd like to, you don't want to go alone.A. untilB. beforeC. ifD. after2)Tomorrow we'll go to the city park it is sunny.A. as soon asB. whenC. ifD. as3) All of us will be happy you can come with us.A. whileB. ifC. butD. or4) Nobody can learn English well you work hard on it.A

36、. ifB. unlessC. whenD. but5) The sports meet will continue it rains this afternoon.A. ifB. sinceC. as soon asD. unless(二)1) I hope to go to France some day there are many famous museums there.A. thoughB. unlessC. becauseD. where2) Would you like to go to the concert with me?I'd love to,I can'

37、;t. I have a lot of homework to do.A. and; Because B. but; BecauseC. so; AndD. and; so3) Jim has been in the factory for two years he left school.A. whenB. sinceC. as soon asD. whether4) Jack was very tired he played tennis all afternoon.A. ifB. as soon asC. becauseD. before5) You'd better come

38、back earlier it is getting colder.A. asB. andC. butD. or6) Jane wore a raincoat it was raining. A. soB. butC. howeverD. because7) The Italian boy was regarded as a hero he gave his life for his country.A. according toB. because ofC. on account ofD. becauseKeys 1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) D1) C 2) B 3) B

39、4) C 5) A 6) D 7) D強(qiáng)化練習(xí)I. Choose the best answer.1. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. WhateverB.HoweverC. WheneverD.Whichever2. Hard-working though he was, there was never enough money to pay the bills.A./B.andC. butD.therefore3. Much hardhe tried, he flailed

40、 to catch up with the first runner.A. althoughB. asC. whileD. when4. I got in touch with Charles I received his letter.A. when immediatelyB. soonC. immediatelyD. suddenly5. We were just calling you up you came in.A. about; whenB. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; whenD. on the point of; as6.

41、 Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public _his tragic （悲居 1） death in1786.A. even beforeB. ever sinceC. until afterD. until before7. Mr. Saddam Hussein had to go with the American soldiers,.A. no matter he likes or notB. no matter he should like it or notC. no mat

42、ter whether he likes or notD. no matter he may like it or not8. , I have to put it away and focus （集中）my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing9. Most animals have little connec

43、tion with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food.A. ifB.whileC. unlessD.as10. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.A. AlthoughB.UnlessC. BecauseD.When11. Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less they grow older.A. whileB. asC.

44、 whenD. after12. I have been keeping the portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris.A. sinceB.whereC. asD.if13. your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A. HavingcheckedB.CheckC. If you checkD.To check14. I would never speak to someone

45、like that they said something unpleasant to me.A. even ifB. so thatC. as ifD. ever since15. - Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher?-Yes. I gave it to him I saw him.A. onceB. whileC. ifD. the moment16. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continu

46、e to kill Americans wherever they are they leave the Arab world forever.A. even thoughB. in caseC. wheneverD. until17. May I go now?一 you've finished your work, you may go.A. AfterB. AlthoughC. Now thatD. As soon as18. "I live there are plenty of sheep. " said the boypride.A. Where; wi

47、thB. When; inC. That; inD. Why; with19. He seemed to have been asleep, so Isaid nothing, but sat he would see me waking.A. whether; whenB. that; whenC. which; whereD. where; when20. It will be five years we meet again.A. sinceB. untilC. beforeD. when21. Never lose heart difficulty you may meet with.

48、A. whatB.whateverC. howD. however22. we are allowed , we can't drink any beer.A. As long as; to doB. If; toC. Unless; toD. On condition that; doing so23. You can still find bones of the birds they used to live.A. in whichB. in the placeC. whereD. that24. How can they learn anything they spend al

49、l their spare time watching TV?A. whereB.whenC. whileD.but25. I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhileB.IfC. AsD.Unless26. "my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope. " said the captain.A. WhereB. Even ifC. WhileD. Although27

50、. You will stay healthyyou do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. ifB. howC. beforeD. where28. 一 Shall we go on working? Yes, I prefer to have a rest.A. whenB. ifC. becauseD. though29. None of us knew what had happened they told us about it.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. though30. 一 I hope you&

51、#39;ll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. I'll give you a call I get there.D. tillA. untilB. as soon asC. sinceII. Rewrite the sentence.31. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.（保持句意不變）The water was dirty for us drink.The water was notfor us to drink.12 / 16牛津上海八年級(jí)下狀語(yǔ)從句專題教案32

52、. Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold.（保持句意不變） you put on your coat, you'll catch a cold.33. The ice cream will melt, so you'd better put it in the fridge at once.（ 保持句意不變 ） The ice cream will melt you put it in the fridge at once.34. The poor child was so lucky that she received ma

53、ny books from Project Hopetf 單句） The poor child was to receive many books from Project Hope.35. You will fail the test again if you don't study hard.（ 保持句意不變）You will fail the test again youhard.36. The boys stopped playing basketball when it was dark.（ 保持句意不變 ）The boysstop playing basketballit

54、was dark.37. The students practice singing every day in order to win the concert.（ 保持句意不變 ）The students practice singing every day they can win the concert.38. The man ran all the way to the station so as to catch the early bus.持句意不變 ） The man ran all the way to the station he catch the early bus.【答

55、案與解析】1 .答案：A解析：因?yàn)間ave后面已經(jīng)有表示物的直接賓語(yǔ)了，排除代詞A、C、和D。however意為 無(wú)論如何”；whenever意為 每當(dāng)”，根據(jù)句意，只有選 C,意義才通。2 .答案：A解析：因?yàn)榍懊嬉呀?jīng)連詞though 了，所以不再需要連詞了。Hard-working though he was=Although he washard-working 。3 .答案：B解析：因?yàn)閍s引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，要求將從句的表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等放到句首。而 although, while表示讓步時(shí), 都用正常語(yǔ)序；另外，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等可提前也可不提前。4 .答案：C解析：因?yàn)?immediately, instantly , directly 和 the moment, the instant, the minute 等都可以用作連詞， 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 as soon as5 .答案：C解析：因?yàn)楸硎?芷要做某事時(shí)，突然又發(fā)生另一件事”的句型是：was /were just about to dosth. When .did 或 was /were just on the point of doing sth. When did.6 .答案