操作系統(tǒng)-進(jìn)程調(diào)度模擬算法(附源碼)#(精選.)

1、進(jìn)程調(diào)度模擬算法課程名稱：計(jì)算機(jī)操作系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)者姓名：李琛評分：班級：信 1501-2實(shí)驗(yàn)日期： 2018 年 5 月 1 日教師簽名：一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康倪M(jìn)程調(diào)度是處理機(jī)管理的核心內(nèi)容。本實(shí)驗(yàn)要求用高級語言編寫模擬進(jìn)程調(diào)度程 序，以 便加深理解有關(guān)進(jìn)程控制快、進(jìn)程隊(duì)列等概念，并體會和了解優(yōu)先數(shù)算法和時(shí) 間片輪轉(zhuǎn)算法 的具體實(shí)施辦法。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)要求1. 設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)程控制塊 PCB 的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常應(yīng)包括如下信息： 進(jìn)程名、進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)（或輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間片數(shù)） 、進(jìn)程已占用的 CPU 時(shí)間、進(jìn)程到完成還需 要的時(shí)間、進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)、當(dāng)前隊(duì)列指針等。2. 編寫兩種調(diào)度算法程序： 優(yōu)先數(shù)調(diào)度算法程序 循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法程序3. 按要

2、求輸出結(jié)果。三、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程分別用兩種調(diào)度算法對伍個(gè)進(jìn)程進(jìn)行調(diào)度。 每個(gè)進(jìn)程可有三種狀態(tài)； 執(zhí)行狀態(tài) （ RUN）、 就緒狀態(tài)（READY包括等待狀態(tài)）和完成狀態(tài)（FINISH），并假定初始狀態(tài)為就緒狀 態(tài)。（一）進(jìn)程控制塊結(jié)構(gòu)如下：NAME進(jìn)程標(biāo)示符PRIO/ROUN進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)/進(jìn)程每次輪轉(zhuǎn)的時(shí)間片數(shù)（設(shè)為常數(shù)2）CPUTIM進(jìn)程累計(jì)占用 CPU的時(shí)間片數(shù)NEEDTIME進(jìn)程到完成還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)STATE進(jìn)程狀態(tài)NEXT鏈指針注：1. 為了便于處理，程序中進(jìn)程的的運(yùn)行時(shí)間以時(shí)間片為單位進(jìn)行計(jì)算；2. 各進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先數(shù)或輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間片數(shù)，以及進(jìn)程運(yùn)行時(shí)間片數(shù)的初值，均由用戶在程 序運(yùn)行時(shí)給定。（二）進(jìn)

3、程的就緒態(tài)和等待態(tài)均為鏈表結(jié)構(gòu)，共有四個(gè)指針如下：RUN當(dāng)前運(yùn)行進(jìn)程指針READY就需隊(duì)列頭指針TAIL 就需隊(duì)列尾指針FINISH 完成隊(duì)列頭指針（三）程序說明1. 在優(yōu)先數(shù)算法中，進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)的初值設(shè)為：50-NEEDTIME每執(zhí)行一次，優(yōu)先數(shù)減 1，CPU 時(shí)間片數(shù)加 1 ，進(jìn)程還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)減 1 。在輪轉(zhuǎn) 法中，采用固定時(shí)間片單位（兩個(gè)時(shí)間片為一個(gè)單位），進(jìn)程每輪轉(zhuǎn)一次，CPU時(shí)間片數(shù)加2，進(jìn)程還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)減 2，并退出CPU,排到就緒隊(duì)列尾，等待下一次 調(diào)度。2. 程序的模塊結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 整個(gè)程序可由主程序和如下 7 個(gè)過程組成：2（1） INSERT在優(yōu)先數(shù)算法中，將尚未完成的

4、PCB按優(yōu)先數(shù)順序插入到就緒隊(duì)列中；（2）INSERT2在輪轉(zhuǎn)法中，將執(zhí)行了一個(gè)時(shí)間片單位（為 2 ），但尚未完成的 進(jìn)程的PCB，插到就緒隊(duì)列的隊(duì)尾；（3）FIRSTIN調(diào)度就緒隊(duì)列的第一個(gè)進(jìn)程投入運(yùn)行；（4）PRINT顯示每執(zhí)行一次后所有進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)及有關(guān)信息。（5）CREAT創(chuàng)建新進(jìn)程，并將它的 PCB插入就緒隊(duì)列；（6）PRISCH按優(yōu)先數(shù)算法調(diào)度進(jìn)程；（7）ROUNDS按時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)法調(diào)度進(jìn)程。主程序定義 PCB 結(jié)構(gòu)和其他有關(guān)變量。實(shí)驗(yàn)代碼：Main.cpp #include<iostream> #include<string>using namespace s

5、td;typedef struct nodechar name20;/進(jìn)程名int prio;/進(jìn)程優(yōu)先級int round;/分配CPU勺時(shí)間int cputime;/CPU執(zhí)行時(shí)間int needtime;/進(jìn)程執(zhí)行所需時(shí)間char state;/進(jìn)程狀態(tài)int count;/ 記錄執(zhí)行次數(shù)struct node *next; / 鏈表指針PCB;int num;/ 定義三個(gè)隊(duì)列，就緒隊(duì)列，執(zhí)行隊(duì)列，完成隊(duì)列PCB *ready = NULL;/ 就緒隊(duì)列PCB *run = NULL;/執(zhí)行隊(duì)列PCB *finish = NULL;/完成隊(duì)列/ 取得第一個(gè)就緒節(jié)點(diǎn)void GetFirs

6、t()run = ready;if (ready != NULL)run->state = 'R'ready = ready->next; run->next = NULL;/ 優(yōu)先級輸出隊(duì)列void Output1()PCB *p; p = ready;while (p != NULL)cout << p->name << "t" << p->prio << "t" << p->cputime << "t" &

7、lt;< p->needtime << "t " << p->state << " t " << p->count << endl;p = p->next;p = finish;while (p != NULL)cout << p->name << "t" << p->prio << "t" << p->cputime << "

8、t" << p->needtime << "t " << p->state << " t " << p->count << endl;p = p->next; p = run; while (p != NULL)cout << p->name << "t" << p->prio << "t"<< p->cputime <<

9、 "t"<< p->needtime << "t<< p->state<< " t " << p->count << endl;p = p->next;/ 輪轉(zhuǎn)法輸出隊(duì)列void Output2()PCB *p;p = ready;while (p != NULL)<< "tcout << p->name<< "t"<< p->round<< &qu

10、ot;t"<< p->cputime<< "t"<<p->needtime<< "t<< p->state<< p->count << endl;p = p->next;p = finish;while (p != NULL)<< "tcout << p->name<< "t"<< p->round<< "t"<&l

11、t; p->cputime<< "t"<<p->needtime<< "t<< p->state<< p->count << endl;p = p->next;p = run;while (p != NULL)<< "tcout << p->name<< "t"<< p->round<< "t"<< p->cputime<

12、;< "t"<<p->needtime<< "t<< p->state<< p->count << endl;p = p->next;/ 創(chuàng)建優(yōu)先級隊(duì)列/ 創(chuàng)建優(yōu)先級隊(duì)列，規(guī)定優(yōu)先數(shù)越小，優(yōu)先級越低void InsertPrio(PCB *in)PCB *fst, *nxt;fst = nxt = ready;if (ready = NULL) /如果隊(duì)列為空，則為第一個(gè)元素in->next = ready; ready = in;else / 查到合適的位置進(jìn)行插入i

13、f (in->prio >= fst->prio) / in->next = ready; ready = in;else比第一個(gè)還要大，則插入到隊(duì)頭while (fst->next != NULL) / nxt = fst;fst = fst->next;移動指針查找第一個(gè)比它小的元素的位置進(jìn)行插入if (fst->next = NULL) /已經(jīng)搜索到隊(duì)尾，則其優(yōu)先級數(shù)最小，將其插入到隊(duì)尾即可in->next = fst->next; fst->next = in;else / 插入到隊(duì)列中nxt = in; in->nex

14、t = fst;/ 將進(jìn)程插入到就緒隊(duì)列尾部void InsertTime(PCB *in) PCB *fst; fst = ready;if (ready = NULL)in->next = ready;ready = in;elsewhile (fst->next != NULL)fst = fst->next;in->next = fst->next; fst->next = in;/ 將進(jìn)程插入到完成隊(duì)列尾部void InsertFinish(PCB *in)PCB *fst;fst = finish;if (finish = NULL)in->

15、;next = finish;finish = in;elsewhile (fst->next != NULL)fst = fst->next;in->next = fst->next; fst->next = in;/ 優(yōu)先級調(diào)度輸入函數(shù)void PrioCreate()PCB *tmp;int i;<< endl;cout << "Enter the name and needtimefor (i = 0; i < num; i+)if (tmp = (PCB *)malloc(sizeof(PCB) = NULL)ce

16、rr << "malloc" << endl; exit(1);cin >> tmp->name; getchar();cin >> tmp->needtime; tmp->cputime = 0;tmp->state = 'W'tmp->prio = 50 - tmp->needtime; / 設(shè)置其優(yōu)先級，需要的時(shí)間越多，優(yōu)先級越低 tmp->round = 0;tmp->count = 0;InsertPrio(tmp); / 按照優(yōu)先級從高到低，插入到就緒

17、隊(duì)列cout << "進(jìn)程名t優(yōu)先級tcpu時(shí)間t需要時(shí)間 進(jìn)程狀態(tài) 計(jì)數(shù)器"<< endl;/ 時(shí)間片輸入函數(shù)void TimeCreate()PCB *tmp;int i;cout << " 輸入進(jìn)程名字和進(jìn)程時(shí)間片所需時(shí)間： " << endl;for (i = 0; i < num; i+)if (tmp = (PCB *)malloc(sizeof(PCB) = NULL)cerr << "malloc" << endl;exit(1);cin &

18、gt;> tmp->name;getchar();cin >> tmp->needtime;tmp->cputime = 0;tmp->state = 'W' tmp->prio = 0;tmp->round = 2;tmp->count = 0;InsertTime(tmp);cout << "進(jìn)程名t輪數(shù)tCPU時(shí)間t需要時(shí)間 進(jìn)程狀態(tài) 計(jì)數(shù)器"<< endl;/ 按照優(yōu)先級調(diào)度，每次執(zhí)行一個(gè)時(shí)間片void Priority()int flag = 1;GetFirst(

19、);while (run != NULL)Output1();while (flag)run->prio -= 3; / 優(yōu)先級減去三run->cputime+; /CPU 時(shí)間片加一 run->needtime-;/進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完成的剩余時(shí)間減一F,將其插入到完成隊(duì)列if (run->needtime = 0)/ 如果進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完畢，將進(jìn)程狀態(tài)置為run->state = 'F'run->count+;InsertFinish(run);flag = 0;else /將進(jìn)程狀態(tài)置為 W入就緒隊(duì)列run->state = 'W'

20、;run->count+; / 進(jìn)程執(zhí)行的次數(shù)加一InsertTime(run);flag = 0;flag = 1;GetFirst(); / 繼續(xù)取就緒隊(duì)列隊(duì)頭進(jìn)程進(jìn)入執(zhí)行隊(duì)列void RoundRun() / 時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法int flag = 1;GetFirst();while (run != NULL)Output2();while (flag)run->count+;run->cputime+;run->needtime-;if (run->needtime = 0) /進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完畢run->state = 'F'Inser

21、tFinish(run);flag = 0;else if (run->count = run->round)/ 時(shí)間片用完run->state = 'W'run->count = 0; /計(jì)數(shù)器清零，為下次做準(zhǔn)備InsertTime(run);flag = 0;flag = 1;GetFirst();int main(void)int n;cout << " 輸入進(jìn)程個(gè)數(shù)： " << endl;cin >> num;getchar();<< endl;cout << &qu

22、ot; 進(jìn)程調(diào)度算法模擬 cout << "1、優(yōu)先級調(diào)度算法 " << endl;cout << "2、循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法 " << endl;cout << "" << endl;cout << " 輸入選擇序號： " << endl;cin >> n;switch (n)case 1:cout << " 優(yōu)先級調(diào)度 :" << endl;PrioCreate();Priority();Output1(); break;case 2:cout << " 循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)算法 :" << endl; TimeCreate();RoundRun();Output2(); break;case 0:exit(1);break;default:cout << "Enter error!" << endl; break;cout << endl;return 0;四、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果優(yōu)先級調(diào)度工、循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)凋度現(xiàn)比揄入選擇序號:c； W