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1、開頭常用的寫作方法First Year描述現(xiàn)象直接就題目進(jìn)行簡單描述,給出自己的理解。這是現(xiàn)象解釋型和問題解決 型作文最常用的一種方法。 現(xiàn)象闡釋法的表達(dá) / 引出方式主要分為兩種:描述現(xiàn)象 / 圖片1. Recently, the rise in the problem of has arousedpublic/wide concern.2. Recently, the issue of has been brought intofocus/brought to public attention.3. The problem of has caused wide concern over r
2、ecent years.4. With the rapid growth of , have/has becomeincreasingly important in our daily life.5. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to6. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/be aware that .7. After a good many years of enthusiasm fo
3、r , people begin to8. One of the burning/pressing questions/problems facing/confronting our nation/society today is .9. With playing an increasingly important role in ,more and more .10. Whenever you see/find , you can't help beingshocked/surprised at .11. As the bar chart shows, the number of h
4、as dramaticallyincreased/decreased during the years from to .12. From the graph, we know the statistics of and It can be seen easily that .13. From the bar chart, it is clear that between and the amount of ranged from to .14. As the bar chart shows, great changes concerning tookplace between and .15
5、. As can be seen in the graph, saw great changes in between and .16. The cartoon vividly depicts .17. As is described in the picture, .18. As is vividly indicated in the above drawing/picture, 19. The drawing, thought-provoking as it is, does mirror a social phenomenon that .20. In the cartoon prese
6、nted to us, . Obviously, what thecartoon illustrates/reveals is .21. As is symbolically depicted in the drawing above, .Although the drawing is designed simply, it does reveal that .22. As is vividly illustrated in the cartoon, . The centralpoint of this cartoon is that .引出觀點(diǎn)1. This picture demonstr
7、ates one of the basic theories of philosophy: .2. Such a picture draws attention to the fact that .3. The purpose of the drawing is to show us that .4. The painter reminds us of a common social phenomenon: .引入觀點(diǎn) 這是觀點(diǎn)論證型作文常用的一種方法。開門見山,提出主題,并逐漸引出 個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。觀點(diǎn)引入法常用套句有:引出觀點(diǎn)1. “” is a proverb full of logic, w
8、hich has been generallyaccepted.2. As the old saying goes, “ . ” It tells us that 3. When it comes to , some think/hold/believe that .Others argue that the opposite is true.4. There is a public/general debate/discussion today/nowadays on/over/as to the problem/issue of .5. When asked whether it is a
9、dvisable to , different peoplehave different things to say.6. People's opinions about vary from person to person.7. Some people propose such a question: .8. Different people hold different views about .9. Faced with , quite a few people think that , butothers conceive of it differently.引出觀點(diǎn)中的道理1
10、. It tells/reminds us that .2. It means that .3. This (proverb) reflects .4. The truth of this saying is .5. Personally, I stand on the side of .6. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the opinion that引入問題這是觀點(diǎn)論證型和現(xiàn)象解釋型作文最常用的一種方法。本方法以問句開篇,更 引人入勝。問題引入法常用表達(dá)方式如下:1. We are often shown/told these da
11、ys that . But is this reallythe case?2. In recent years, there is a general tendency to . Accordingto a study, last year. Why ?3. These days we are often told that . But is that true?4. These days we often hear about . But is this really thecase?5. “Why do ?” Many people often ask questions like thi
12、s.6. Should ? Opinions of/Attitudes toward vary widelyfrom person to person.7. What do you think of ? Your answer to the question willreflect .8. “Why ?” Of all the questions/complaints I have heard, thisis the one most frequently voiced.9. When asked about , the overwhelming majority of/many people
13、say/think/believe/answer that . But .10. Nowadays, it is commonly/ widely/ generally believed/ thought/ held that , but I wonder/ doubt that .中間段的寫作方法First Year列舉法列舉法是四六級寫作中常用的方法,一般用 first, second 等一系列序數(shù) 詞引出原因、結(jié)果或影響等。列舉法常用引出 / 表達(dá)方式有:總起句1. There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/ ar
14、e responsible for/can explain .2. There are probably three/ many/ several/ a variety of reasons for this dramatic/ significant increase/ decline in .3. Some reasons can explain this trend.4. Why ?5. The causes of are varied. They include , perhaps themain cause is .6. The reason for this is not far
15、to seek.7. It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors.8. There are numerous reasons why , and I would explore only afew of the most important ones here.9. There are many reasons responsible for this phenomenon, and the following are the
16、typical ones.10. There are many reasons explaining this case. As for me, I regard the following as the typical ones.11. A number of factors could account for/contribute to/lead to/ result in the change of .列舉1. in the+ 序數(shù)詞+ place :In the first place, . In the secondplace .2. 序數(shù)詞: First, . Second, .3
17、. Firstly, . Secondly, . Lastly/Thirdly , .4. The first reason is that/To begin with . The second oneis . The third is .5. First of all, . Secondly, . Furthermore/ Last butnot least, .6. For one thing, . For another, .7. Another reason why I disagree with the above statements is that I believe.對比這是指
18、通過講述兩種截然不同的觀點(diǎn),對比陳述其中的利弊,從而得出自 己的結(jié)論。對比法常用表示方法有:1. The advantages gained in outweigh/are much greater thanthe advantages we gain from .2. bear(s) a close/striking resemblance to .3. On the one hand, . On the other hand, .4. Similarly/Likewise/In the same way, .5. Although enjoy(s) a distinct advantage
19、, .6. Many students like. Among them there are two differentattitudes to. Some of them think that . Others, however, don'tthink so. They feel that .7. Nothing/ Few things can approach/ equal/ match .8. Indeed, carries more weight than when isconcerned.9. Serious as the problem may be, it pales i
20、nto insignificance by comparison with .10. In comparison/contrast,.11. Indeed/Certainly, play(s) a more/ less important rolewhen compared with .12. Despite the fact that most of them like , I would like tochoose to .13. When the advantages and disadvantages are compared/ weighed, the conclusion/ fin
21、ding is quite obvious/ self-evident.14. There is no consensus among people as to . Some peoplesuggest that, while others argue that . I agree withthe latter/ former.15. People differ greatly in their attitudes toward this problem.Some maintain that. Others, on the contrary, hold the opinionthat. Per
22、sonally, I stand on the side of.16. For most people today, have/has become their mainsource of . But as for me, should be regarded as abetter source.17. may be superior to , but it poses problems forthose who .18. Different people have different ideas about . Some peopletake it for granted that . On
23、 the contrary, some other peoplethink .19. This case has aroused echoes throughout the country with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely. Those who criticize/ oppose/ object to/ are against it argue/ hold that , but people who advocate/ support/ are for itmaintain/
24、 assert/ claim that .20. People differ in their opinions on . Some of them believethat , while others deem that .21. Many surveys show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to realize that . Meanwhile, many people still live under thetraditional idea that .舉例法和高中的議論文一樣,用恰當(dāng)?shù)氖吕齺碜糇C自己的觀點(diǎn)這個(gè)方法永不
25、過時(shí)。例子應(yīng)該 典型、精煉(特別提示:日后還要考雅思的同學(xué),應(yīng)用這一方法 時(shí)注意不要舉太中國化的例子)。舉例法常用表達(dá)方式有:1. From my everyday experience and observation I can list several examples that defend the statement that .2. There are many instances supporting my opinion.3. Perhaps the most important example of is .4. A case in point is .5. Take for
26、example/ instance. (這句話還可以放在句中)6. This is a concrete example that .7. Nothing could be more obvious/apparent than the evidence that8. I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the example of .9. The latest surveys conducted by show/ reveal/ demonstrate/indicate that .10. No one can den
27、y the fact that . 11. Talking about/ in terms of , the first thing that mayoccur to you and me seems to be .12. A common example, which is frequently cited, is .13. Instances of the same sort might be quoted easily, but this will be sufficient to show that .14. History abounds with the example of .引
28、用名言用古今中外名人的名言警句來證明論點(diǎn)是一個(gè)中外通用的證明方法。同學(xué)們的主要問題是不清楚如何引出這些名言,這種時(shí)候就可以用以下方法:1. The saying has been widely accepted throughout the world.2. “. ” We are used to hearing such words like those.3. “. ” Such is the opinion of a great man. This remarkhas been confirmed time and time again by many historical events.
29、 “ ?!?. As the proverb/ saying goes, .5. There is an English proverb which says that .6. There is an old saying,“. ” It is the experience ofour forefathers, however, it is correct in many cases even today.7. “” is the opinion held by . This remark hasbeen confirmed time and again by more and more pe
30、ople.First Year歸納總結(jié)根據(jù)前文的論述及論據(jù),引出或重申文章的中心思想,也就是你的最終結(jié) 論。歸納總結(jié)法常用表達(dá)方式有:1. To sum up/ In short,can benefit us tremendously ifcorrectly used.2. Therefore/ Thus, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that3. Recognizing the fact that will lead us to aconclusion that .4. The evidence upon all sides supp
31、orts/ confirms/ leads to a conclusion that .5. From what has been discussed above/ Based on the points discussed above, we can draw/ arrive at the conclusion that .6. Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that .提出建議 在有的作文類型中,提出解決問題具體方法非常有用。一般情況下,作文 中需要提出建議時(shí),可以分主體(個(gè)人 /
32、公司/ 社會(huì)/ 政府等方面)寫。提出建議 法常用表示方式有:1. It might be time to hear .2. It is time that we put/ urged an immediate end to the undesirable situation/ tendency of .3. Therefore, in order to , effective means should be taken to4. It is high time that . Here are some of the things thatmight be taken up immediatel
33、y.5. It is suggested that the government should make efforts to 6. In short/any case, we should/ought to/must .7. Awareness of the seriousness of the problem is the first step toward the solution.8. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most important is . Another way is .
34、9. In summary/ conclusion/a word, it is important that we should預(yù)測/ 展望未來這是指預(yù)測某一現(xiàn)象的發(fā)展趨勢或某種解決方法 / 行為等的深遠(yuǎn)影響。常用 的總起、引出及表達(dá)方式有:1. The significance of cannot be overvalued.2. What will happen to ? Nobody really knows. But one thing iscertain: .3. Following these suggestions may not guarantee success, but t
35、he payoff might be worth the effort. It will not only benefit butalso benefit .4. To reverse the trend is not a light task. It requires a good awareness of .5. People are coming to realize the importance of . Some havebegun to try their best to . We believe that .6. It is clear/obvious/evident/appar
36、ent that . Therefore, thetask of requires/demands/involves .7. With the improvement of , will prove to hold greatsuperior over .8. There is a growing tendency for people these days to ,which I believe will not change in a short time.9. If everyone is willing to contribute himself to the society, itw
37、ill be better and better.10. Anyhow, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certainthat it will undoubtedly .11. Whatever you do, please remember the saying . If youunderstand it and apply it to your study or work, you'll necessarilybenefit a lot from it.12. The influence of is not confined to . It also參考結(jié)構(gòu):In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on ( 1 ).The factors for ( 2 ) .First of all ,( 3 ).Then , there comes a case that ( 4 ).Moreover , ( 5 ) . Especially when ( 6 ) .Indeed, these u
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