中考英語語法筆記大全練習(xí)講解

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載九年級英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案（名詞）姚村三中李小芳命題預(yù)測：預(yù)計 2013 河南省中招命題可能會從以下幾個方面考查名詞：1具體語境中名詞的詞義理解和辨析。2. 可數(shù)名詞的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。3. 名詞所有格、不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表示法預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)：名詞的分類英語名詞可分專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類：1、專有名詞是個別的人、地、物、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等的專用名稱。 專有名詞中實(shí)詞的第一個字母要大寫。如：Beijing, Tom, the People s Republic of China（中華人民共和國）2、 普通名詞是許多人或事物的共有名稱。如：pupil, family, man, foot.

2、普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞是可以用簡單的數(shù)詞進(jìn)行計數(shù)的名詞，如：box, child, oran ge；不可數(shù)名詞是不可以用簡單的數(shù)詞進(jìn)行計數(shù)的名詞。如：water, n ews, oil,populatio n, in formati on .跟蹤訓(xùn)練1.1 have a lot of_作業(yè)）to do every day.2. His_褲子）are n ew, but mi ne are old.3. It is the best one of the_照片）in my family.4. Are they buildi ng any_ 圖書館）in the city?5

3、. Can you cut this big pear into two_ 半）？6. At the end of_ 八月）,you must get ready for the new school year.7. Are these_ （watch）yours? Yes.8. You dont look well.Youd bett er go to the_（doctor） at on ce.合作探究考點(diǎn)一英語可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)：英語可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。1、可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式要在名詞前加“或 an”；復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞后加 -s 或-es ”。名詞由單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的基本方法如下：學(xué)習(xí)必

4、備歡迎下載1一般情況直接在詞尾力卩 s。如：map maps, boy boys, horses horses, table ftables.2s,x ,sh,ch結(jié)尾的詞力卩 es如： class classes, boxboxes, dish dishes, benchben ches.3以 o 結(jié)尾的詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時力卩 s 或 e& 如：photo photos, pianbpianos, tomabTomatoes , potao potatoes, hero heroes, Negro Negroes4以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的名詞，變 y 為 i,再加 es。如：family

5、families, city cities,party parties.5以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加 e&如：shelf shelves, wolf wolves,lifelives, kn ifekni ves.中考預(yù)測1 June 1st is_Day all over the world.A. ChildsB. Childs C. Children DsChildrens2 .September 10th is_Day in China, isn t it?A. Teacher sB. Teachers C. Teacher D. Teacher

6、 of3 . This is_ n ews.A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good4 .What_ it is! Let s go swimming.A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather5 . They like Chin ese_ .A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people6 . Lucy and I go to school_

7、every day.A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses7. -re those_ ? No, they aren t. Teey .A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows8. What are you liste ning to, Jane?_or_ ?A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news9 .How many _ and_ are there in your cla

8、ss?A. boy stude nt; girl ones B. girls stude nts; boys onesC. boys stude nt; girl one D. girl stude nts; boy ones 考點(diǎn)二可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母eg. man_ , woman_, tooth_,foot_, goose_, mouse_Frenchman_ , policeman_(German-Germans, Norman-Normans 除夕卜)2單復(fù)數(shù)同形 eg. Chines_ , deer_學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載fish_ , sheep_Japa

9、nes_, Swiss_3由 man 和 woman 構(gòu)成的合成詞，每個名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)eg. a man docto_a woma n teacher_4只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如：trousers, glasses, clothes, people,scissors, chopsticks.5像 public, police, family, team ,group, class, crowd等集體名詞一般以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)它們作主語時如果表示一個整體， 謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如 果表示集體中的每一個成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Eg: The police （be） searchi ng for the t

10、hieves.6姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式，則表示該姓氏一家人（復(fù)數(shù)含義）,如： the Greens（格林一家人）。中考預(yù)測1. A group of_ are talki ng with two_over there.A. Fren chme n; Germa nsB. Fren chme n; Germe nC. Germa n; Fren chme nD. Germa ns; Fren chma ns2. That bus driver drank two_ .A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of t

11、ea3. Mrs. Smith is an old frie nd of_.A. Bobs motherB. Bobs mother Cs mother of BobD. Bob mother s4. The tall man with a big nose is_ teacher.A. Tom and Carl B. Toms and Carl C.Tom and Carl s5. There is_ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tall B. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall6n_ time, those mount

12、ains will be covered with trees.A. few year B. a few years C.few years D. a few year s7. Did you hear the_ report?A. police B. policemenC . policemansD. policemens8. We bought_ for my mothers birthday.A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats9.-Whose is this new desk?-

13、Its_ .A. Sue and JimB. Sue and Jim C. Sues and Jim s10.-Would you like_ coffee?- No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A.a ny; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oran gesC. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange11.-How many_do you wan t?-Two, please.A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of

14、eggs D. kilo of bread學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載考點(diǎn)三不可數(shù)名詞：物質(zhì)名詞(water, ink, wood, rice 等)和抽象名詞(peace, love, health,knowledge, English 等)都屬于不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量常用某個量詞(piece, bag, glass, cup, drop 等)+of 來表示。跟蹤訓(xùn)練：兩塊面包_五滴水_三袋大米_ 一杯茶_考點(diǎn)四名詞的所有格（1）表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加s。如：Childern s Day（兒童節(jié)）,my sister s book 俄姐姐的書）（2） 以 s 或 es 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名

15、詞。只在詞尾加。如：Teachers Day（教師節(jié)）（3）有些表示時間、距離以及世界、國家、城鎮(zhèn)等無生命的名詞，也可在詞尾加s.如：today s newspaper 今天的報紙）,China s population（中國的人口）.（4） 無論表示有生命還是無生命的東西的名詞，一般均可用介詞 of 短語來表示所 有關(guān)系。如： a fine daughter of the Party 黨的好女兒）.（5） s 還可以表示某人的家或者某個店鋪,如：my aunt s 俄阿姨家）,the doctors（診所）（6）兩人共有某物時，可以采用 A and B s 的形式，如：Lucy and Li

16、ly s bedroom（露西和麗麗合住的臥室）， 兩人各有各的東西時， 用 A s and B s 的形 式,女口：Lucys and Lily s bedrooms（7） “ of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞”，稱為雙重所有格，如： a friend of my fathers（我父親的一位朋友）,a friend of mine（我的一位朋友）中考預(yù)測1.-How many_ do you wan t?-Two, please.A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread2.The railway st

17、ati on is two_from our house.A. hour s drive B. hours drivC. hour-drive D. hours drive3.-Where are you going, Lucy?-_ .A. To my uncle B. To my uncle .sC.At my uncle D. At my uncle s4.Have you read_ ?A. a newspaper of todayB.today newspaper C. todays newspaper5.There re a lot of_ down there, but hard

18、ly any_.A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people6.Lucy put a lot of_ in_of tea. （2000 西安）A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups7.Mr. Lin ofte n gives us_ by e-mail. （2000 上海）A. some good in formatio n B. some good in

19、 formati onsC. good in formati onsD. a good in formatio n8.- Is this your room?-No, it s_ room.（2000 廣州）A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple9.Would you give me_ , please?A.two papersB.two piece of paperC.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers考點(diǎn)五名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單復(fù)數(shù)

20、的一致問題：I、 主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：女口： The computerwas a great invention The water in the glassjs very cold.2、集體名詞（如 family, class, team, group, row, police, school 等）做句子主語時, 如果表示整體概念，則謂語用單數(shù)形式，如：Class Three is a very good class. 如果表示其所有成員時，則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：Class Three have a map of China.3、 Chinese, Japa

21、nese, fish, sheep, peop 等表示單個時謂語用單數(shù)，表示許多時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 女口：There is a sheep in the yard 院子里有只綿羊） / There are some sheepin the yard.（院子里有一些綿羊）4、 maths, news 等雖然有 s 結(jié)尾，但不是復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語仍用單數(shù)：The news is veryexcit ing.5 glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, glove 等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 女口：The trousers are very cheap and I wan

22、t to take them .褲子很便宜，我想買）6 and 連接兩個名詞做主語時，謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù)，但是兩個名詞若構(gòu)成一個整體 事物時，謂語則用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and his son are picking 即 ples now 老師和 他的兒子在摘蘋果）/ Fish and chips is very famous food.（魚和薯?xiàng)l是一種出名 的食品）7、 there be 句型中 be 的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如：There is a table andfour chairs in the room.（房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子）8、 用 bothand連接

23、兩個事物做主語時，謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both you and I arerequired to be here tomorrow 你和我明天要求都來 ）9、 主語中含有 with 的短語時，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由 with 之前的人物決定。女口： A womanwith a 7-year-old child was sta nding at the side of the road. 一名婦女帶著一個七歲 的孩子（當(dāng)時）就站在路邊）10、either or或者 neithernor連接兩個人物做句子主語時，謂語采用就近原貝 U。如： Either you or he is right. Neither

24、 you nor I am going there.II、 表示一段時間、長度、重量或金錢概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時，謂語一般用單學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載數(shù)。如： Two mon ths is not a short time. Two thousa nd kilometers is quite a long distanca學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1. They got much_ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. n ews D. stories解析：much 是用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的，A B D 三個選項(xiàng)均是可是名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

25、，C 項(xiàng)為不可數(shù)名詞，因此選 C.2.1 have two_and three bottles of_here.A. oran ge, orangeB. oran ges, oran gesC. oran ges, orangeD. oran ge, oran ges解析：orange 有兩種含義，一種可數(shù)名詞橘子，另一種是不可數(shù)名詞橘汁，此題第一空應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞，第二空填不可數(shù)名詞，因此選 C。3. Every eve ning M r. Ki ng takes a_ to his home .A. 25 minutes walkB. 25 minute s walkC. 25 mi nute

26、 walkD. 25 mi nu tes walk解析：句中的 minute 應(yīng)該用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式，只+ 而不能+s,因此選 A。解析:person 與 people 都有人的意思，但用法不同.一個人用“a person ”，兩個人”用“ two persons ” ; pe 泛指人們”是集合名詞，表示復(fù)數(shù)，the people 指 人民”a people 指 一個民族”應(yīng)選 B。5. Help yourself to肉;apple 為可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)+s,因此選6. Oh, dear. I forgot the twophsics teacher, two bus drivers 等. 應(yīng)

27、選 C。7. She has bee n in Tianj in for ten years. Tianj in has become her sec ond_A. familyB. house C. homeD. room解析：family 指的是家庭或是家庭成員；house 指的是房子（住所）;room 指的是房間；而 home 指的是家，因此選 C.4. An oldwants to see you.A. peopleB. personC. the people D. the pers onA. chicke ns and applesB. chicke ns and appleC. c

28、hicke n and appleD. chicke n and apples解析：chicken 可用作可數(shù)名詞指小雞,用作不可數(shù)名詞指雞肉，根據(jù)詞題意應(yīng)理解為雞A. room s number B. rooms nu mber C. room nu mbersD. rooms numbers解析:room number 房間號碼 .room可直接用作定語修飾后面的名詞.類似的還有學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載A. Mary and PeterB. Mary and Peter8.mothers couldnt go to the meet ing, because they have gone to S

29、han ghai .學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載C. Marys and PeterD. Marys and Peter s解析：此句中“mothers 是復(fù)數(shù)，表示兩個人各自的母親，因此應(yīng)選 D。9. 8.mothers could nt go to the meeting，because they have gone to Shanghai .A. Mary and PetersC. Marys and PeterB. Mary and PeterD. Marys and Peter s解析：此句意為李雷這個去她舅舅家多次” 表示具體場所時，可省去所有格后面的名詞因此選 B。10. He is a s

30、uccess as a leader but he hasn t_ in teaching.A. many experie ncesB. much experie neeC. an experie neeD. a lot experie nee解析：experienee 作 經(jīng)驗(yàn)”講時是不可數(shù)名詞，作 經(jīng)歷講時是可數(shù)名詞.本句中應(yīng)理 解為 經(jīng)驗(yàn)因此是不可數(shù)名詞 排除 A C.又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句 不用于否定句，因此選 B。11. A classmate of_was here ten minu tes ago.A. youB. your

31、C. your sisterD. your sister s解析：此題考查名詞的雙重所有格.應(yīng)選 D。12. A group of_are talk ing with two_.A. Fren chme n，Germa nsB. Germa ns，F(xiàn)ren chma nsC. Fren chma ns，Germe nD. Germe n，F(xiàn)ren chme n解析：Frenchman 是復(fù)合詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Frenchmen; German 的復(fù)數(shù)為直接在單詞末尾 +S,應(yīng)選A.13._ The teamhav ing a meeti ng .解析：team 是一個集合名詞，即可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義

32、（指整個小組），也可指小組中的成員（表示復(fù) 數(shù)），此題意為后者，因此選 B。14.“ Would you like_ ?“_，please. ”A. isB. areC. amD. beA. drink，Three coffeesB. a cup of drink，CoffeesC. a drink，A coffeeD. a drink，Three cups of coffees解析:drink 和 coffee 是不可數(shù)名詞可以用 of 來表示數(shù)量，eg，three cups of coffee，當(dāng)前面加 a 時，則表示一杯”.因此選 Co15.The Great Wall was made

33、 not only by_，but also the flesh and blood of_men.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載解析：earth 是不可數(shù)名詞，因此刪除B D,數(shù)以百萬的應(yīng)為 millio ns of.因此選 A。練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！選擇最佳答案：1 1.Last ni ght, there was a food accide nt. The_were ill, but no_ were lost.A. child, lives B. childre n, life C. childre n, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo o

34、f_ whe n they were young.-OK, how happy they both looked!A. my father and motherB. my mother and fathersC. my mothers and fathersD.my fathers and my mother3. The new stude nt is in_, Grade Two.A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class4. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go a

35、nd buy some flowers for ourteachers.A. TeachersB. TeachersC. the TeachersD. Teachers5. The market isnt far from here. Its only_ bicycle ride.A.half an hours B. half an hours C. half an hourD. an hour and a half6. - What would you like to drink, girls?-_ , please.A.Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeC. Two cups of coffeeD. Two cups of coffees7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for_A. funB. wishesC. in terestD. tha nks8. Some_are flying kites n ear the river.A. childB. boyC. boysD. childs9. After the exam, well have_ holiday.A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. tw