中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句專題講解及練習(xí)

1、中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句專題講解及練習(xí)【課前回顧】一、賓語(yǔ)從句例詞詞義充當(dāng)?shù)某煞譄o(wú)無(wú)是否無(wú)是否無(wú)誰(shuí)主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)誰(shuí)賓語(yǔ)誰(shuí)的定語(yǔ)什么主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)哪一個(gè)定語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)方式狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句三要素： 1.: _2. : 3. （見(jiàn)上表格）二、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)歸納（以時(shí)間為軸）現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)一般進(jìn)行完成【知識(shí)精講】定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)：找出下列句子中的定語(yǔ).The black bike is mine.（形容詞）What' s your name?代詞）They make paper flowers.（名詞）I tell him something interesting.（形容詞 interesting

2、作不定代詞 something 的后置定語(yǔ)）He has something to do.（to do 為不定式作后置定語(yǔ)） 定語(yǔ)概念：用來(lái)修飾名，限定，說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的詞.（形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，分詞,不定式向子說(shuō)相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞，短語(yǔ)及句子）再看下面的句子：Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.句子作定語(yǔ)，修飾girl,叫做定語(yǔ)從句再看： The man who lives next to me is a teacher.定語(yǔ)-定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句講解1. 概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。Th

3、e man wholives next to us is a policeman （who 為關(guān)系代詞 ）先行詞 關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句/ 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞2. 先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞。位于定語(yǔ)從句之前。3. 關(guān)系詞：弓I導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。（連接主，從句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞）4. 定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句一般情況下，三者緊密挨著，順序不可變。5. 定語(yǔ)從句的分類：根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，從句不可省去，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之 間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。限制性定

4、語(yǔ)從句：e.g: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket .位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：1. Tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來(lái)了，這使我們很高興2. sports town has a big screen, where you can see live sports around the world.練習(xí)：分析定語(yǔ)從句（標(biāo)出先行詞，劃出定語(yǔ)從句）1. He likes the apple that is red.2. They

5、said someth ing that you did n't like.3. This is the man who wants to see you.4. This is the magazine from which I copied the paragraph.5. I shall n ever forget those years whe n I lived on the farm with the farmers.三.定語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)：關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞:必在從句中作某個(gè)句子成份（可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)）指人WhoWhomthataswhose關(guān)系代詞主

6、、賓格賓格主、賓格主、賓格定語(yǔ)（缺主語(yǔ)指物ThatWhichaswhose或者賓語(yǔ)）主、賓格主、賓格主、賓格定語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞WhenWherewhy（缺狀語(yǔ)）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)The stude nt who an swered the questi on was Joh n.I know the reas on why he was so an gry.The boy (whom) you are talki ng to is my brother.rd like a room whose win dow looks out over the sea.關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用：A、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)

7、從句；B、代替先行詞；C、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分例如：The man who is shak ing hands with my father is a policema n.該句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 the man,“whc”引 導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，代替先行詞the man,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)四.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句(who/whom/which/that/whose)關(guān)語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)指人who/thatwhom/who/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose【針對(duì)練習(xí)】用適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

8、關(guān)系代詞填空1) The boysare playi ng football are from Class One.2) Thosewant to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morni ng.3) Mr Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.4) The manyou met just now is my old friend.5) Football is a gameis liked by most boys.6) The factorymakes

9、computers is far away from here.7) The nu mber of peoplecome to visit this city each year reaches one millio n.8) Where is the manI saw this morning?9) 1 visited a scie ntistn ame is known all over the coun try.10) He has a friendfather is a doctor.11) I once lived in the houseroof has fallen in.解題技

10、巧歸納：1. 劃出主從句，標(biāo)出先行詞2. 根據(jù)先行詞再句子所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謥?lái)確定關(guān)系詞(一般從句缺什么成分，它就做什么成分)【提高練習(xí)】1、Yesterday I helped an old man had lost his way.2、The seasoncomes after spri ng is summer.3、That is the teacherteaches us physics.4、 The professoryou are waiting for has come.5、 He likes to read booksare written by foreign writers.6、

11、 The girlthe teacher often praises is our monitor.7、Do you like the bookcover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of is yellow?8、The houseis by the lake looks nice.9、This is the penhe bought yesterday.10、The filmthey went to see last night was not interesting at all.11、The personyou introduced

12、to me is very kind.12、Yesterday I received a lettercame from Australia.13、This is the boyI played tennis with yesterday.14、we llgo to hear the famous singerwe have often talked about.15、The managercompany I work in pays much attention to improving our workingcon diti ons.五特殊情況:限制性定語(yǔ)從句中只能用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的

13、情況1 .當(dāng)先行詞是 everything, anything, nothing (something除夕卜)，all, none, few, little, some 等不定代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)。1) Have you taken down everything Mr. Li said? 李老師講的你都記下來(lái)了嗎？2) There seems to be nothingis impossible to him in the world. 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)似乎世界上沒(méi)有什么不可能的事。3) AIIca

14、n be done has bee n done.所有能做的都做好了。4) There is littleI can do for you.我不能為你干什么。5) He stayed in the library and looked up any information () they needed.他呆在圖書(shū)館查找所需的資料。2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。The first placethey visited in Lon don was the Big Be n.在倫敦他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是大本鐘。3. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the best filmI have

15、ever see n.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。4.當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only 修飾時(shí)。1) This is the very dictionary I want to buy.這正是我要買的詞典。2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thi ng he owns.家里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)過(guò)后，那輛舊車成了他的唯一擁有。注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞who。1)Wang Hua is the only person in our school will attend the meeting. 王華是我

16、校唯一出席會(huì)議的人。5. 當(dāng)先行詞前面有 who, which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)1) Who is the manis sta nding by the gate?站在門(mén)口的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？2) Which is the T-shirt fits me most?哪件 T 恤衫最合我的身？6. 當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。1) They talked about the pers ons and thingsthey remembered at school他們談?wù)撝麄兯苡浧鸬脑谛r(shí)的人和事。2) Look at the man and his donkeyare walking up the s

17、treet.瞧瞧那個(gè)沿街走來(lái)的人和他的毛驢?！踞槍?duì)練習(xí)】()1. What are you looki ng for?-I am look ing for the bookI bought yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whose()2. We know Jackie Chanmovies are very popular with the young.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which()3. Is this universityyour elder brother will choose this year?A. the oneB. that

18、C. where()4. Do you know the boyis standing under the tree? -Yes. He ' s Peter. He ' s new in our class.A. whereB. whatC. whoD. whose()5. The roomwindows face south is his.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. who ' s下列情況只用 which，不用that 用于介詞后，跟介詞一起引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如：Galileo built a telescope through which h

19、e could study the uni verse.I ' m looking for a container in which I can put all these coins. 先行詞本身是that時(shí)。例如：What' s that which flashed in the sky just now? 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如：There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted.【針對(duì)練習(xí)】()1. The park,we visited yesterday, is very n

20、ice.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. when()2. The first timeI saw her was in 1989.D. asA. whe nB. whichC. that()3. Pay attention to allI do.A. whichB. in whichC. whatD. that()4. I ' ve read all the booksyou gave me.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that()5. Is there anythingI can do for you?A. whichB. whe nC. w

21、hoseD. who()6. The womanchild had fallen ill was a doctor.A. whoB. herC. whoseD. /()7. The penI' m usingis hers.A. which; itB. that; itC. it; /D. /()8. The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a diseasehas caused many deaths.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. what()9. The young ladywe met yesterday is

22、 our new math teacher.A. whatB. whoseC. whoD. which()10. The skirtis made of silk is very expensive. I can' t afford it.A. whatB. /C. thatD. it()11. I like the teacherclasses are very in teresti ng and creative.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose()12. Jack, there is some one in the officewould like to

23、 speak with you.A. whoB. whichC. whom()13. Shaoli n Templelies in the west of Zhen gzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.A. whereB. whichC. whoD. what()14. We should give love to the childre nlost their pare nts in the earthquake.A. whoB. whomC. thoseD. which()15. -There are many volun

24、 teersare helpi ng the childre n in Sichua n.-A nd most of them are college stude nts.【真題練習(xí)】( )1、Last mon th, my mum got a new jobis in HongKong!(越秀區(qū))A. whichB. whatC. whoD. whose( )2、He had made the same trouble with our horses,caused him a lecture from his father about theimporta nee of not wast i

25、ng water.(天河區(qū))A. whichB.whatC.whoD.whose()3、The usershave the company' mobile APP just need to use their phone to scan the QRcode(二維碼)on the bike.(海珠區(qū))A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whom( )4、They came across four old menasked them to be more careful.(南沙區(qū))A.whoB.whichC.whe nD.where( )5、Their parents want th

26、em to do homeworkcan help them get good marks.(黃埔區(qū))A. whoB .whichC. whatD. when()6、There was a kingwas always sad and easy to get angry.(白云區(qū))A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which( )7、his friend Keithwas a bus in essma n supported him.(一中)A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose( )8、She put on a pile of long necklacesher grandm

27、other had given her to play with.(二中)A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whose()9、Eat ing at restaura nt has n't always bee n known as the best choice for peopleare trying to keep ahealthy diet.(七中)A.whichB.whoC.whomD.they()10、A personcares for others is popular everywhere.(育才實(shí)驗(yàn))A./B.whichC.whatD.who()11、Ma'

28、;s hero is Forest Gump13 never gives up.(番禺華附)A.whatB.whichC./D.who( )12、Levis Strauss- a n ame that now is famous was the maninven ted jea ns.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.which( )13、George ' s grandma was a womanwas always complaining about something or other. (2017中考)A. whoB.whichC.whereD.whe n區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和賓

29、語(yǔ)從句:主要區(qū)別是位置和作用不同從句的類型是由從句的位置或者說(shuō)從句起的作用決定的。從句放在賓語(yǔ)的位置、起賓語(yǔ)的作 用就是賓語(yǔ)從句；放在名詞/代詞之后、起定語(yǔ)的作用就是定語(yǔ)從句（修飾名詞/代詞的詞叫定 語(yǔ)，修飾名詞/代詞的從句就叫定語(yǔ)從句）。eg: I don't know why he was late.我不知道他為什么遲到了。（why he was late放在了 know之后，占了動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)的位置，所以叫賓語(yǔ)從句。）I don't know the reas on why he was late.我不知道他（為什么）遲到的原因。（why he was late放在了

30、 the reason之后，是用來(lái)修飾 the reason的，也就是the reason的定語(yǔ)， 所以叫定語(yǔ)從句。）同樣是這個(gè)從句，只因?yàn)槲恢貌煌⒆饔貌煌?，類型也就不同了。如果是Why he was late is still unknown.那why he was late就叫主語(yǔ)從句了（因?yàn)樗旁诹?is之前，占了 is的主語(yǔ)的位置）。Could you please tell me something abouwhat you did last weekend ?這個(gè)句子中what.放在了 about之后，about是介詞，后面要加賓語(yǔ)，what從句占了介詞about 的賓語(yǔ)的位置，

31、那就是賓語(yǔ)從句?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】真題（60 分）t be broke n dow n by n ature.I. But huma ns have created thi ngs like plastic bagscanA. who B. which C. how D. Where2. Whe never he was late he could find ple nty of excusessoun ded reas on ableA. who B. where C. whenD. which3. But in Japan, only romantic partners come togethe

32、r,while in America it can be shared by anyoneis close, friend or lover.t n eed one.A . whom B. who C . whose D. which4.But Harry,lived n ext door to Jack, said he did nA. whichB. whoseC. thatD. who5. The storyI read in the n ewspaper was about a com mon problem among tee nagers.A whoseB whoC that6.

33、I still remember the parkwe first met.A thatB whichC where7. The moviewe saw last ni ght was fan tastic.A. thatB. what8. Do you kn ow of Guo Min gyi?Yes. He is an ordinary（普通的）worker D whereD whe nC. whoseD. Whohelps many poor children in China. We should follow hisexample.A. thatB. whichC. whomA. t

34、hatB. which C. where ' D. what10. Teen agers like readi ng the booksare writte n by Guo Jin gji ng.A. whoB. what C. whose D. that11. Do you know the manis sta nding at the door?Yes, I do. He's a friend of.A. whe n; IB. who; mi neC. that; meD. which; my12. She is the girl invention got the fi

35、rst prize in the school competition .A . whoB . thatC. whichD. whose13. I ' II remember the old buildin I visited in the village.A. whereB. whichC. who14. A friend is someonesays, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!A. whoB. WhichC. WhatD. whose15. Lin da, cm you tell me someth ing

36、 about Mo Yan?Sure. He is the writerwon the Nobel（諾貝爾）Literature Prize.A. whichB. whose C. whoD. whom16. A Wechat （微信）is an inventioncan help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.A. which B. who C. whoseD /17. I like the carto onhas a happy ending and makes me.A. which; to

37、laughB. that; to laugh C. whose; laugh ingD. which; laugh18. Being blind is somethingmost people can' t imagine.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. whom19. Excuse me, Could you tell ? Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.A. where is the museumB. which is the way to the museumC. how far is the museumD. how can I get to the museum20. People are talk ing about the old housesJackie Chan bought in An hui twenty years ago.A. whichB. where C. whoD. whe n21. Do you know Mo Ya n? Of course. He is th