牛津版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第四單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。Unit 4一、知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1. if 引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語(yǔ)從句。即虛擬語(yǔ)氣通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)所持的態(tài)度或看法的動(dòng)詞形式稱為語(yǔ)氣，虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。 If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句， 非真實(shí)條件句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為： 即：(從句)if +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be 動(dòng)詞用were), 一般過(guò)去時(shí)(主句) 主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原形 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 如：If I had time, I would go

2、 for a walk.如果我有時(shí)間，我就會(huì)去散步。(事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有時(shí)間) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的話，我會(huì)帶上雨傘。(事實(shí)上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員，我會(huì)表示拒絕。(事實(shí)上瑞沒(méi)有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員)2. pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假裝正在干某事 The students pre

3、tended to be writing when the teacher came in. pretend +從句 假裝 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 遲到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in

4、the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒(méi)有幾個(gè)朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒(méi)有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several一詞時(shí)不能加s ，反之，則要加s 并與of 連用， 表示數(shù)量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 幾百/千/百萬(wàn)/十億人 hun

5、dreds of trees 上百棵樹(shù)8. what if + 從句 如果怎么辦 ， 要是 又怎么樣 如： What if she doesnt come? 要是她不來(lái)怎么辦？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么辦？9. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。10. 系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用 get nervous 變得緊張 feel shy 覺(jué)得害羞 look friendly 看起來(lái)友好11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如： Im too tired to st

6、and. 我太累了而不能站。12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他們幫助你放松13. in public 在公共場(chǎng)所 如:Dont smoke in public. 請(qǐng)不要在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。14. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一個(gè)活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。15. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb.

7、not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告訴做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴不要做某事17. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借來(lái)某物 如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我從莉莉那里借來(lái)一本書(shū)。18.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介紹給某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介紹給安娜。20. invite sb. to do 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事

8、 如：22. plenty of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞 許多 如：24. get along (with)=get on (with) 進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展The business is getting along very well. 生意進(jìn)展的很順利。How are you getting along with your English study? 你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了？相處Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得來(lái)嗎？Im getting along very well w

9、ith my classmates. 我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。25. would rather do than do （= would rather than）寧愿，而不愿。前后連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式為：would rather not do sthwould rather than = prefer to 但prefer to 若連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為v-ing 形式。He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football. would rather 常單獨(dú)使用，表示“寧愿做”He wou

10、ld rather watch TV at home.rather than = instead of 而不是（連接兩個(gè)并列成分，前后對(duì)稱）。Id prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter. I decided to write rather than telephone. I like going out with you rather than with him. She enjoys listening rather than speaking.25. in fact 事實(shí)上26. let sb. down 讓某人失望 如：28. h

11、ave experience doing 在做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn) 如：29. come out 出版，出來(lái) 如：The magazine comes out once a week. 這種雜志每周出一次。30. by accident 偶然地，無(wú)意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上個(gè)星期我不小心割到自己的手指。31. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. 32. more than=over 超過(guò)35. give sb sth=give sth to sb類似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、

12、write、send等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb類似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等36.look for尋找find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find out指經(jīng)過(guò)觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover 指發(fā)現(xiàn)那些客觀存在而不為人所知的實(shí)情。如科學(xué)上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。37.bring 帶來(lái) take 帶走 fetch 去并拿來(lái)38.talk to/with sb 同××說(shuō)話。tell 告訴, 分辨，辨別。speak to sb 同××說(shuō)話，做及物動(dòng)詞，后跟語(yǔ)言。say 后跟名詞、代詞及賓語(yǔ)從句做賓語(yǔ)，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容。39.Wha

13、t if 如果將會(huì)怎么樣？（引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句、疑問(wèn)句）What if she doesnt come? 她要是不來(lái)怎么辦？ What if your parent dont agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么辦？What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么辦？40.What does/do ×× look like? 問(wèn)相貌。Whats ×× like? 問(wèn)“品質(zhì)性格”。41.give a speech 做演講 have a speech聽(tīng)演講 give a report 做報(bào)告have a report 聽(tīng)報(bào)告42.p

14、ermission (n.) 允許，許可 permit (v.) 允許 without permission 未經(jīng)許可43.plenty of 充足的，相當(dāng)多的。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑問(wèn)句中用 enough.44.notin the slightest=notat all 根本不45.a little = a bit 修飾形容詞、副詞 a little = a bit of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞46.the rest 其余的，可指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。The other(s) 只能指代可數(shù)名詞47賓語(yǔ)從句 ：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。 由連接詞+ 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成 常由下

15、面的一些詞引導(dǎo)： 由that 引導(dǎo) 表示陳述意義 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 由if , whether 引導(dǎo) 表示 一般疑問(wèn)意義(帶有是否、已否、對(duì)否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚(yú)。 由 連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問(wèn)詞) 引導(dǎo) 表示特殊疑問(wèn)意義 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要買(mǎi)什么嗎？從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句一致 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài) He says (that ) he is

16、at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用過(guò)去某時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)) He said (that) he was at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing

17、 now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？二、短語(yǔ)1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu) 2、medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究3、What if 如果怎么樣？ 4、get nervous 緊張5、take a big exam 參加大考 6、help with 有助于二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想，

18、就用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法1、真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句與非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 eg If he doesnt hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)) If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)）If I were you, I would go at once.（非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句）If there was no air, people would die.（非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句）2、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法及動(dòng)詞形式 If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.如果我?guī)уX(qián)了，我就會(huì)借給你些。（事實(shí)：沒(méi)帶錢(qián)） If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通過(guò)考試了。（事實(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)不用功） 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況If +主語(yǔ)+Had+過(guò)去分詞，主語(yǔ)+Should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞 wereIf+主語(yǔ) did 主句+should/would /might /could+動(dòng)詞原形 were to d