（精選）高中必修一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

1、高中必修一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開家。 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中國(guó)東部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fa

2、ll. 驕者必?cái)　?注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實(shí)了地球是圓的。4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語(yǔ)寫得不錯(cuò)，講的可不行。比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在

3、做功課。 第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法1)在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?2)表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football i

4、n the street. 我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那時(shí)，布朗一家無(wú)論什么時(shí)候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。3)句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到時(shí)間了" "該了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺(jué)了。 It is time that sb. did sth. "時(shí)間已遲了" "早該了&q

5、uot; ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺(jué)了。would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來(lái)吧。4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過(guò)去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問(wèn)、請(qǐng)求、建議等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過(guò)去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 比較：Christine was an invalid all her life

6、.(含義：她已不在人間。) Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：達(dá)比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去) 注意： 用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。 1)動(dòng)詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anyt

7、hing else? 您還要些什么嗎? I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎?3 used to / be used to used to + do："過(guò)去常常"表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。例如： Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老媽過(guò)去沒(méi)那么健忘。Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫過(guò)去常常散步。be used to +

8、 doing： 對(duì)已感到習(xí)慣，或"習(xí)慣于"，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。例如： He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫現(xiàn)在已習(xí)慣于散步了。典型例題 - Your phone number again? I _ quite catch it. - It's 69568442A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't答案A. 本句雖沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但從語(yǔ)意上看出，在聽的時(shí)候沒(méi)有聽懂這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去

9、，因此應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。4 一般將來(lái)時(shí)1) shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。例如： Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢? Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎? 2) be going to +不定式，表示將來(lái)。 a. 主語(yǔ)的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is

10、 going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。3) be +不定式表將來(lái)，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如： We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。 4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。

11、0;注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。5 be going to / will 用于條件句時(shí)，be going to表將來(lái),will表意愿。例如： If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror

12、.6 be to和be going to be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如： I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客觀安排) I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主觀安排) 7 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái) 1)下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)，主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事

13、情。例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。 When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什么時(shí)候開?十分鐘后。 2)以here, there等開始的倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來(lái)了。 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了。 3)在時(shí)間或條件句中。例如： When Bill comes (不是will

14、 come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來(lái)后，讓他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。4)在動(dòng)詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語(yǔ)從句中。例如： I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。 返回動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)目錄

15、 11.8 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái) 下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)。例如： I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week? 你會(huì)在這兒呆到下周嗎? 返回動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)目錄 11.9 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：have (has) +過(guò)去分詞。1. Only after my friend came _. (2005 福建

16、)A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computerC.was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired【解析】選C本題考查的是由only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)提到句首時(shí)，需要倒裝。2. It wasn't until nearly a month later _ I received the manager's reply. (2005 全國(guó))A. since B. When C. as D. that【解析】選D本題考查 not.until 句型用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的用法。3.

17、 It's the present situation in poor areas that_ much higher spending on education and training. (2005 北京)A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for【解析】選C要解好本題，關(guān)鍵是要弄清四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思。answer for“對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)”;pmvide for“提供”;plan for“為計(jì)劃”;call for “需要”，本單元出現(xiàn)過(guò)call for courage “需要勇氣”。4. If I _ plan to do

18、anything I wanted to, I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (2005 湖北)A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to【解析】選B本題考查if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。從I'd like to go. 判斷，本句為與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，故選B。5. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; _, I wouldn't dare to travel in his car. (2005 江西)

19、A. even so B. even though C. therefore D. so【解析】選Aeven so表示“即使這樣”，so 表示上文所提到的句子。even though等于even if“即使”。6.- You haven't lost the ticket, have you7- _ I know it's not easy to get anotherone at the moment. (2004 江蘇)A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. 1 hope so D. Yes, I'm afraid so【解析】選A I ho

20、pe not是省略的說(shuō)法，指代前面的內(nèi)容You haven't lost the ticket。它的意思是“但愿我沒(méi)有丟票”。與下文的“一票難求”相吻合。7. Happy Birthday, Alice! So you have _ twenty-one already! 2004 天津)A. become B. Turned C. grown D. passed【解析】選Bturn 指轉(zhuǎn)變成為與原來(lái)完全不同的事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果。即你已經(jīng)是二十一歲了，而不是二十歲。become強(qiáng)調(diào)變化過(guò)程的完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)的變化。grow表示漸漸成為新的狀態(tài)，或表示從某種狀態(tài)向其對(duì)立的狀態(tài)變化的自然現(xiàn)

21、象，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的過(guò)程。8. It was _ back home after the experiment.(2004 湖北)A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight he didn't goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didn't go【解析】選A本題考查not until在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的變化，只有A正確。9. - Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.- Thanks. You _ it

22、. I could managed it myself. (2005 福建)A. needn't do B. needn't have doneC. mustn't do D. shouldn't have done【解析】選D“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 完成時(shí)態(tài)”用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去某一事實(shí)的假設(shè)或推測(cè)，根據(jù)上下文可以得知?jiǎng)P瑟琳自己可以做，所以對(duì)方“本不必做”。10. Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday?(2005福建)A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she go

23、tC. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got【解析】選Cdo you expect 通常被看作插入語(yǔ)，而不寫成Do you expect what she has got，所以后面的賓語(yǔ)從句仍用陳述語(yǔ)序。11. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor's _ I have to wait. (2005全國(guó)II)A. in case B. SO that C. in order D. as if【解析】選Ain case引導(dǎo)句子或單獨(dú)使用，上面句

24、子中in case I have to wait “以防我去等”，使上下文邏輯通順。12. - I'm afraid Mr. Wood can't see you until 4 o'clock.- Oh, _ I won't wait. (2005浙江)A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way【解析】選Cin this / that case (要是這樣/那樣的話)。13. He _ have completed his work; otherwise,he wouldn't be

25、enjoying hirnself by the seaside.(2005北京)A. should B. Must C. wouldn't D. can't【解析】選A根據(jù)下文“否則他在海邊沒(méi)法玩得痛快。”可以推出上一句“他本應(yīng)該要完成他的工作?！眘hould have done表示后悔或責(zé)備，意為“本應(yīng)該做了(但事實(shí)上沒(méi)做)”。14. I _ have been more than six years old when the aecident happened. (2005天津)A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't【解析】選B“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 完成時(shí)態(tài)”用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去某一事實(shí)的假設(shè)或推測(cè)。尤其用來(lái)表示否定的推測(cè)則"can't / couldn't have done"。本句譯為：當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時(shí)我