2015高三英語學(xué)案

1、 目錄 1、 前言-（2）2、 記敘文-（3）3、 應(yīng)用文-（6）4、 議論文-（21）5、 范文及學(xué)生習(xí)作點評-（24） 41 前言 書面表達(dá)高分秘訣 一高考書面表達(dá)中常見的錯誤1 人稱代詞使用混亂。 2語言規(guī)范性欠缺。3駕馭英語基本句型和詞匯結(jié)構(gòu)能力極為欠缺，基本語言知識錯誤較多。4.設(shè)問句偏多。5邏輯性不強或缺乏邏輯性。6審題不清，要點不全。 7書寫潦草，卷面不整潔。二提高學(xué)生“書面表達(dá)”能力的幾點做法 1.立足課本，重視閱讀，促進(jìn)寫作 2.立足課本，堅持口筆頭訓(xùn)練，促進(jìn)寫作 3.立足課本，加強遣詞造句能力，促進(jìn)寫作 4.結(jié)合NMET試題，強化書面表達(dá)能力 三。注意以下幾個環(huán)節(jié)： 1.仔

2、細(xì)審題，吃透要求。 2.明確內(nèi)容，把握要點。 3.語言地道，表達(dá)恰當(dāng)。 4.仔細(xì)檢查，認(rèn)真修改。 5.卷面整潔，字跡工整。 書面表達(dá)專題一 -記敘文一. 英語作文之描寫人:1.好句子She was born in Beijing on Oct. 12, 1986. She was a great woman with the name -. Born of a poor clerks family, she had little schooling. Helen is the kindest girl that I have ever seen.2. 描寫人物外貌和性格特征的常用詞語： _ 長

3、得好看的 _ 好心的 _ 溫和寬容的 _ 勤奮的 _ 幽默的 _ 熱心腸的 _ 有吸引力的 _ 健康的 _ 精明的 _ 明智的 3描述人物心情的常用詞語：_ 好奇的 _ 滿意的 _ 恐懼的 _ 焦慮的 _ 失望的 _ 興奮的 二. 英語作文之地點描寫有關(guān)地點說明文應(yīng)該著重掌握面積 人口 位置 環(huán)境 今昔對比等。以城市為例：（請仔細(xì)體會下面的句子的精彩之處）1. Our city covers square kilometers 2. Our city has an area of square kilometers 3. The size of our city is square kilom

4、eters 4. The population of our city is5.China is a developing country ,with a population of 130 million. 6. The beautiful town is located/situated on the west of the lake/to the west of the mountain/in the west of the province.7.Wherever you go， there are plenty of activities to choose from. 8.

5、You can go on the city tours to enjoy the sights， taste the local food， explore the lively nightlife and learn about its history and culture. 9. A walk around is a feast for the mind as well as the eye. 10. The city is home to 11. Few visitors leave the city feeling disappointed.12. The holiday vill

6、age lies to the east of Wan Hai Tower, one of the four most famous towers in China.13. The man-made lake lies northeast of the hill and southeast of the tower.14. The forest is about 80 miles west of Chengdu.15. At the party Li Ping sat on the opposite side of Jenny.16. At the evening Rose was seate

7、d next to Maria.17. On the front wall hangs a portrait of the world-famous general.18. In the middle of the classroom were some teachers attending the class.19. At the back of the school there is a polluted river, giving dirty smell in summer.20. In the front of the school, there is a beautiful gard

8、en where the students can have a rest after class.三.英語作文之物品描寫: 例文: 介紹金雞牌鬧鐘（Gold Cock Alarm Clock）。 內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以下幾點：1）記時準(zhǔn)確。2）不但外形多樣、而且美觀。 3）鬧聲清脆悅耳。4）經(jīng)久耐用。5）用戶評價高、行銷世界各地。 6）價格低廉。7）生產(chǎn)廠家具有最先進(jìn)的設(shè)備和最嚴(yán)格的管理制度。Gold Cock Alarm Clock is surely your best choice whenever you need a clock. Gold Cock Alarm Clock is famou

9、s for its accurate movement. The designs are not only various but also beautiful. The sound the alarm gives out is pleasant to hear. People are sure about its durable service. Customers all think highly of our Gold Cock Alarm Clock, which is sold all over the world at reasonable prices. Besides, the

10、 producers have the most advanced equipment and strict management. Each clock is sure to be of high quality.4. 描寫時間和節(jié)日的句子1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.2. The students union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from the United St

11、ates.3. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.4. At eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.5. He studied hard at school and trained hard for five years before he came to the national team.6. There is going to be a party for t

12、he Australian friends. It will be held in Room 302 at 7:30 tomorrow evening.7. There is going to be a report on the development of the world computers at the Youth Palace at 9:00 am, May 24.8. The Student Union will hold an exhibition on paintings in Room 402. It will last a week, that is, from Apri

13、l 9 to April 15.9. There is going to be a get-together between the Canadian and Chinese friends at the Youth Palace at 3:00 pm, Tuesday February 4 th.10. A terrible fire broke out at Hong Xin Hotel at 3:00 am, Friday April 13.11. The other day Tom was walking along a river when he heard cries for he

14、lp.12. A few days ago Mary came across an old friend of hers and they greeted each other.13. One Saturday afternoon John was walking in the street when a strange car stopped in front of him.14. During the discussion, everyone can express himself freely about what he is interested in.15. The Dragon B

15、oat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more than 2,000 years. It is usually in June in the Gregorian calendar.端午節(jié)（農(nóng)歷5月5日）是中國古老的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，始于春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，至今已有2000多年歷史。 書面表達(dá)專題訓(xùn)練二-應(yīng)用文（一）書信寫作訓(xùn)練、書信寫作要求1. 書信的格式1） 信頭(Heading)；2） 稱呼(Salutation)；3） 正文(Body of the letter)；4） 結(jié)束語(Compliment

16、ary close)；5） 簽名(signature)。2. 書信的種類1） 邀請信邀請信要明確寫出活動（是晚會、晚餐還是一般的聚會等）、活動的時間地點組織這項活動的理由，有時還應(yīng)告訴對方可能出席的人，另外一般希望對方給予答復(fù)。2）感謝信感謝信可分為感謝饋贈、感謝款待、感謝幫助、感謝送行和感謝探病等。感謝信一般包括以下幾點： 對收信人的稱謂； 寫信的目的；（Thank you for）致謝并詳述所收到的禮物或得到的幫助等；結(jié)尾及謙稱。3)求職信求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較規(guī)范。信的內(nèi)容大體上分為三部分 寫信的目的， 自我介紹， 要求。注意下面幾點：寫信的目的要直截了當(dāng)?shù)卦谛诺拈_頭提出。自

17、我介紹部分主要介紹自己的學(xué)歷、工作經(jīng)歷、解決問題的能力等等。在行文、用詞上要表現(xiàn)出自信、懇切的態(tài)度，語言簡明扼要，突出介紹自己的優(yōu)點，與眾不同的特長或有利條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求，巧用詞語，有力地說服對方，此職非你莫屬。最后提出進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系的途徑，如：時間、地點。還可以主動提出接受面試或考核等。求職信在寫作特點上主要用第一人稱以及動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時。4)回信寫回信時應(yīng)特別注意正確理解寫信人的意圖、所提問題、必須對寫信人的問題給予明確的答復(fù)。二、寫作訓(xùn)練1.你的好朋友李明要找一份工作，你向Brown寫信，讓他的公司給李明一份工作。下面是李明的基本情況。 畢業(yè)于北京工業(yè)大學(xué)，專業(yè)為計算機軟件。連續(xù)

18、四次獲得一等獎學(xué)金，并在今年獲得優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生稱號。熱情，積極上進(jìn)，具有很大潛力。學(xué)習(xí)快且善于用邏輯解決難題。審題思路：格式： 推薦信 ，人稱 第三人稱 時態(tài) 以一般現(xiàn)在時為主 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： 可用詞匯：recommend, graduate, Beijing Industry University, software, scholarship, excellent, enthusiastic, progressive, potentiality, logic, title ,major 可用句型：It is my pleasure to graduate from get the ti

19、tle of not onlybut also be good at be sure that 實戰(zhàn)演練： 2.約翰在去北京前曾輔導(dǎo)過你英語口語，因此你在市里舉辦的口語比賽中得了第一。寫一封信向他表示感謝。并聽說他和夫人要來你校訪問，你很高興，并給他寄去了一個小禮物“望遠(yuǎn)鏡”審題思路：格式： 感謝信 ，人稱 第一人稱 時態(tài) 現(xiàn)在和過去 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： Words: tutor, progress, competition, owe, telescope, achievement, Phrases and sentences: How are things going with ? I

20、m writing to with ones help win the first place in is owed to pay a visit to Im looking forward to 實戰(zhàn)演練：3.某家國內(nèi)英文報紙設(shè)有一個求助信箱（letters to Dr Helper）。請根據(jù)一份學(xué)生現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查中列出的部分信息，以高三學(xué)生王磊的名義給Dr Helper 寫一封英文短信。學(xué) 生 現(xiàn) 狀負(fù)擔(dān)過重的原因每日在校時間9小時考試壓力大作業(yè)多家長期望高每日作業(yè)時間3-4小時每日課外活動時間幾乎沒有每日睡眠時間不足 注意：1. 寫信內(nèi)容須包括表中的所有信息，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮 2詞數(shù)100左右（不包

21、括已給出的部分）。 3信和的開頭與結(jié)尾已給出。 生詞：過重負(fù)擔(dān)overload 壓力pressure 期望expectationsDear Dr Helper,I am a senior 3 student. I am now in great need of your help because I canhardly stand the great pressure. I write this letter only to wish that I could have someone to talk to. I am lookingforward to your advice.Sincere

22、ly yours, Wang Lei審題思路：格式： 公開信 ，人稱 第 I 人稱 時態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： 詞匯：pressure, overload, expectations, 短語及句型：spend time in doing sth, have no time to enjoy oneself, not enough time to sleep , expectations from sb. 實戰(zhàn)演練：4.假如你是李華，是一外商商場的實習(xí)售貨員，工作中你對商場的管理有一些自己的想法，于是寫了一封信給你的經(jīng)理，反映了以下問題：.顧客是上帝的觀念還沒有被多數(shù)售貨員接受。

23、有人甚至對衣著差點的顧客態(tài)度粗暴。.售貨員缺乏應(yīng)有實用知識，使得商店經(jīng)營不佳。培訓(xùn)售貨員很有必要。.商店信息不靈，應(yīng)當(dāng)配備現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備，以便在競爭中獲取必要的信息。審題思路：格式： 建議信 ，人稱 第I人稱 時態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： words：management, assistant, lack, practical, custom, train, equip, information，belief phrases and sentences：be unkind/unfriendly to sb， be dressed badly/in rags be lack of p

24、ractical knowledge， be well equipped， Im writing to., It is necessary to do sth. 實戰(zhàn)演練：5. 李明邀請黃靜揚參加他的生日聚會，但黃靜揚由于下列原因不能赴約：1、  母親生病在床已有數(shù)日，醫(yī)生叮囑還得休息幾天；2、  母親生病，他不得不操持家務(wù)；3、  父親每天外出做生意，無暇顧及家里，照顧母親。請你以黃靜揚的身份給李明寫一回信。審題思路：文體 回信 ，人稱 第I，III人稱 時態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： regret to sth, fall ill, lie in

25、bed, according to, take sbs place ， housework, be out for business, as a result, look after, have a wonderful time/enjoy oneself, 實戰(zhàn)演練6.如幾天前你的同學(xué)從某超市買回食品請同學(xué)吃，他們吃后食物中毒，肚子痛，被送往醫(yī)院治療后脫險。請給報社寫一封信描述他們食物中毒及脫險的經(jīng)過，呼吁社會重視食品安全問題。內(nèi)容要點：1食品安全問題 2買回食品共食 3中毒、肚子痛4送醫(yī)院治療 5脫險 6全社會重視食品安全審題思路：文體 公開信 ，人稱 第I，III 人稱 時態(tài) 一般過去時

26、 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： food safety, supermarket, roommate, poison, stomachache, examine, realize ，serious, accident, a couple of days, be invited to, get poisoned, be sent to, out of danger, take medicine, pay much attention to 實戰(zhàn)演練：7. 假設(shè)你是李曉平，是“第四中學(xué)”的學(xué)生。請你圍繞“建設(shè)和諧社會的主題，根據(jù)下面所給出的要點提示，用英語給全省中學(xué)生寫一封倡議書。 

27、0;  要點提示：1人與社會：祖國、家鄉(xiāng)、學(xué)校，熱愛關(guān)心              2人與人：家人、師長、同學(xué)，誠信互助              3人與自然：能源、環(huán)境、動植物，愛惜保護(hù)            

28、;  4你的態(tài)度：(內(nèi)容由考生自己擬定)審題思路：文體 倡議信 ，人稱 第I人稱 時態(tài) 以一般現(xiàn)在時為主 寫作所需主要詞匯及句型： harmonious, citizen, motherland, respect, faithful, honest, energy, environment ，protect, as for, spare no effort to do. 實戰(zhàn)演練：二、通知類書面通知 假定你校學(xué)生會將于5月8日（星期日）參觀鄭州綠博園（Zhengzhou Green Expo Garden）。請根據(jù)下面要點提示，以學(xué)生會的名義用英語寫一則通知?；顒觾?nèi)容與要求：1. 早

29、上7:00在學(xué)校門口集合，7：20乘公共汽車出發(fā)：2. 上午參觀展區(qū)，中午在湖邊野餐，下午分組做游戲；3. 拍照、做記錄，之后參加校攝影或征文比賽；注意事項：1. 自帶午餐和飲用水；2. 注意安全； 3.參加者本人周五前到學(xué)生會報名。要求：1.次數(shù)100左右；2. 注意安全。參考詞匯：exhibition area-展區(qū) sign up -報名 essay contest - 征文比賽Notice Students Union May 5, 2011作文展臺習(xí)作 Notice We are going to organize a tour to Zhengzhou Green Expo Gar

30、den in May 8. In the morning, we will visit the exhibition areas, there we can take some photos and make notes. These are very useful because you will take part in the photo or the essay contest in our school. Then it will be followed by a group game in the afternoon. Please bring your own lunch and

31、 drink water as we will picnic bu the side of the lake at noon. By the way, please be careful during the visit.Those who will take part in the visit can sign up at the Students Union before this Friday. We will leave by bus at 7:20 a.m. this Sunday, and be sure to arrive at the school gate before 7:

32、20 a. m. Students Union May 5, 2011范例NoticeOn May 8, there will be a visit to Zhengzhou Green Garden. We are to gather at 7:00 a.m. at the school gate and set out twenty minutes later.While arriving there, well spend the whole morning visiting the exhibition areas. After having lunch by the side of

33、the lake, well play group games in the afternoon. Dont forget to take photo or the essay contest in our school.Those who want to join in the visit are supposed to sign up at the Students Union before this Friday. Besides, all the participants are required to bring your lunch as well as the drinking

34、water. By the way, take care during the visit. Students Union May 5, 2011Notice/NOTICEIn order to _(目的)，_(事件) will be held _(具體地點、時間). The _(事件大體內(nèi)容). Those who _(要求).All are welcome to join in the contest. Students Union (發(fā)布通知者) Date(通知發(fā)布時間)書面通知通常使用的語句有：Notice is given here that.All of them are requ

35、ested to note that.A report on computer will be given by Prof. Smith.Class One and Class Two, Grade One will go to the Xishan Park to.Please be there on time.Everybody is expected to attend.The sports meet will be put off till.口頭通知呼語及開場白部分：Ladies and gentlemen,May I have your attention, please? I ha

36、ve an announcement to make.正文部分：All the teachers and students are required to attend it.Please take your notebooks and make notes.Please listen carefully and well have a discussion in groups.Please come on time and dont be late.結(jié)束語部分：Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hop

37、e you will have a nice time here.Thats all. Thank you.背誦詞句1. 常用詞語 announce通知 attend出席 activity活動 attentio點擊添加文本點擊添加文本點擊添加文本點擊添加文本點擊添加文本n注意力 admission準(zhǔn)許 decision決定 contest比賽 communication交流 message信息 hold舉行 put off 推遲 application申請 permission允許 request要求 punish懲罰 preparation準(zhǔn)備 Take part in參加 sign簽名 t

38、he Students Union學(xué)生會2. 常用句Readers are requested to note that.A report will be given on English literature by Prof. Yang from Hong Kong University.The sports meeting which is to take place this Friday has to be put off because of the heavy rain these days.Be sure to attend on time.By the way, we will

39、 have a discussion after the report.便條模板請假條 Dear ,Im sorry that I shall be unable to ，because . I beg to apply for days/weeks leave from to . Yours faithfully, 說明： 時間或日期 稱謂 （不能按時間做的）事情 交代請假的原因 請假的天數(shù) 請假起止日期 落款請求便條 Dear ,I am going to . Will you please ? Thank you for the trouble. Yours , 說明： 時間或日期 稱謂

40、 原因 請求 落款邀請便條 Dear ,There will be a to be held at . Will you come and join us? There are many other people invited. . I will appreciate your coming.to . Yours , 說明：時間或日期 稱謂 活動 地點 具體展開寫落款背誦詞句1. 常用詞語apologize抱歉 attend照顧 appreciate感激 consult咨詢 extension延期 urgent急切的2. 常用句I am writing to you to ask for a

41、 sick leave.I have something urgent to consult youI will appreciate you very much if you can allow my leave.I hope that my request will be given due consideration.Please give him a ring if this time does not suit you.經(jīng)典例題 假如你是懷特先生，史密斯先生是你的好朋友，你來看他，但他不在家。你留便條告訴他，明早9點來找他一起去看新房子，請他在家等你。A NoteDear Mr. S

42、mith,Ive come to see you, but I feel so sorry that you are not in. I want to buy a new house and Ive found it. Its in the centre of the city. Id like you to go with me to see it tomorrow morning. Will you please wait for me at home tomorrow? Ill call for you at 9:00.Many thanks. Yours, White日記格式 Tod

43、ay, the most interesting thing is .From this thing, I learned that . 說明：時間(順序為星期、月、日、年) 天氣情況（天氣一般用一個形容詞） 具體敘述事情經(jīng)過 事件意義經(jīng)典例題根據(jù)下面提示，適當(dāng)?shù)卣归_想象，寫一篇日記，描述12月24日的一次遠(yuǎn)足經(jīng)歷。提示：一行三人興奮地出發(fā)，但遇到了壞天氣；到家時，疲憊不堪。A HikeSaturday, December 24 RainyUp early, I call Tian Teng and Liu Xiaowei, for I noticed it was a bit cloudy.

44、 But both of them said we should go to the Yellow River as had been planned.As we set out, I was shocked at how cold it was. However, as we were advancing, the backpacks were doing their work. We were not feeling cold any more. By the time we were on halfway, the three of us were sweating. We had to

45、 take off our jackets. I couldnt help thinking that it was the cold weather that helped us.After four hours walk, we finally reached the river bank. I took out my camera and wanted to have some pictures taken when it began to rain. Sadly, we were all wet. Disappointed, we had to return.With backpack

46、s on back, we were fighting our way home. It was almost 6 p.m. when we got home cold and tired. 書面表達(dá)專題三 - 議論文 議論文書面表達(dá) 議論文是高考英語試卷中最?？疾榈奈捏w之一。一般選取考生所熟悉的社會上的熱點和焦點問題， 通過剖析事物來論述事理、發(fā)表意見或提出主張。在具體的寫作中要求通過擺事實、講道理、辨是非等方式來確定其觀點的正確或錯誤，樹立或否定某種觀點或主張。近幾年的高考書面表達(dá)中, 議論文的命題形式是以文字提綱、圖畫和表格的方式來呈現(xiàn)寫作材料的。 議論文的寫作要點是：觀點鮮明， 文章一

47、定要有一個明確的中心論點。層次分明，一個中心論點通常有幾個分論點支持，不同層次之間要分明，過渡清晰自然。最后一段一般要總結(jié)全文,得出一個符合邏輯的結(jié)論,突出中心思想。一般采用一般現(xiàn)在時。語言簡潔有力,一般不采用口語。 寫作方法主要是三段式作文法。所謂三段式作文法， 就是將一篇書面表達(dá)按三段的寫作模式布局謀篇，即開頭、正文、結(jié)尾。三段式寫作模式思路清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)分明，是考生提高自己作文檔次的最佳選擇。(1)第一段開門見山直奔主題，提出要解決的問題或觀點，或者交代清楚時間、地點、人物、做什么。(2)第二段擺出事實或提出論據(jù)，或者把事情發(fā)展的經(jīng)過詳細(xì)寫出來。該部分條理要清楚，過渡要自然，也就是評分細(xì)則所要求的“有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，完全達(dá)到預(yù)期的寫作目的”