(完整版)大學(xué)英語精讀第三版第二冊U5教案

1、Unit 5 The Villain in the AtmosphereTeaching Time: 8 hoursStudents level: non-English majors of the second semester of the 1st year.Teaching Objectives:1. Get Ss to know the conditions of the pollution on earth; let the students realize the serious pollution of the earth; analyze the causes of the p

2、ollution on the earth; think over and discuss the ways to solve the issue.2. About the text, Ss should grasp the text content, text structure, basic vocabularies and required grammar points of the section.Words: atmosphere, compose, conclusion, conference, crash, deadly, emit, extremely, feasibility

3、, fund hazard, indicate, originally, pollute, proceed, signal, smash, survive, type, unfitPhrases & Expressions: be known as, name after, as to, base on, for one thing.for another, be composed of, as far as sth/sb. be concerned, stick up, give up, set backGrammar: because of, what do you think o

4、f, so/as far as.he concerned3. About the reading, Ss should acquire the reading skill using word part clues for word meanings.4. About the writing, Ss should get to know the writing skill coherence.5. About the listening, Ss will finish the Unit 5 directed by the teacher. Teaching Procedures:1. Pre-

5、reading Activities Background information: 1. GlaciersGlacier,an enduring accumulation of ice, snow, water, rock, and sediment (沉淀物) that moves under the influence of gravity. Glaciers form where the temperature is low enough to allow falling snow to accumulate and slowly transform into ice. This ac

6、cumulation is most common in the polar regions, but can also occur at high altitudes on mountains even near the equator. Glaciers are complex systems that grow and shrink in response to climate. At the present, glacier ice covers about 15 million sq km (5.8 million sq mi), or 10 percent, of Earth ar

7、ea.2. Polar ice capA polar ice cap is a high-latitude region, centered in the polar region, which is covered in ice.3. GreenlandAn Arctic island nation located in North America by geography, Greenland is a self-governed Danish territory. It is the world lasrgest island, and about 81 percent of its s

8、urface is covered by ice.4. Global WarmingGlobal warming refers to an average increase in the Earth's temperature, which in turn causes changes in climate. A warmer Earth may lead to changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level, and a wide range of impacts on plants, wildlife, and humans. W

9、hen scientists talk about the issue of climate change, their concern is about global warming caused by human activities.5. ManhattanManhattan is one of the five boroughs that comprise the City of New York. It is by far the most densely populated county in the United States and famous for its soaring

10、 skyscrapers.Manhattan (Island) is one of the commercial, financial, and cultural centers of the world. It has many famous landmarks and tourist attractions. They include Broadway, Chinatown, the Empire State Building, Greenwich Village, Times Square, The United Nations Headquarters, Wall Street, an

11、d many churches, colleges, skyscrapers, and theaters. Most of New York ms unicipal buildings stand on Manhattan Island. When people think of New York City, they are usually thinking of Manhattan, the core of the city.6. The British IslesThe British Isles are s group of islands off the northwest coas

12、t of Europe consisting of Great Britain (that is England, Scotland and Wales), Ireland and the many smaller adjacent islands. These islands form an archipelago of more than 6,000 islands.7. Isaac AsimovIsaac Asimov was born on 2 January 1920 in the former Soviet Union, but grew up in Brooklyn, New Y

13、ork. He taught biochemistry at Boston University until he retired in 1958 to become a full -time writer. Asimov had been publishing short stories since the late 1930s, and in 1952 published his first novel. The author of the classic , Robot series andTh e Foundation Trilogy, Asimov wrote more than 4

14、00 books and won every major science fiction award. He also wrote popular books and essays on science and technology, earning him the nickname "The Great Explainer."Isaac Asimov died of “ heart and kidney failure, which were complications of the HIV infection ” on 6 April 1992. HIV was not

15、 revealed as the cause of his death until 2002, when his widow Janet published the memoirs It's Been a Good Life.Warm-up Questions1. What tshe weather like in your hometown? Do you like it? Why or why not?2. Have you ever noticed any changes in your hometown or in the city you re now living in?

16、What are they?3. Do you have any idea of the greenhouse effect? How does it affect the temperature on Earth?Introductory Questions for Reading Comprehension1. Who is the “ villain ” in the atmosphere?2. What does carbon dioxide do to plants and animal life on the Earth?3. What is happening to the se

17、a level? What will the rising sea level do to our life?4. What does carbon dioxide do to the temperature of the Earth?5. How come that the concentration of the gas in the atmosphere is going up steadily?6. So in the final analysis, who are the villains and who are the victims?7. What should be done?

18、II. Key Words & Expressions1. poisonous:containing poison in itself; very harmful and cause illness or deatha) Dangerously high levels of poisonous chemicals were found in the water.b) The Ministry of Health warned the general public to be on high alert against poisonous mushrooms, as 16 people

19、have died after eating different kinds of poisonous mushrooms this summer.2. essential:absolutely necessary; extremely importanta) The body cannot store Vitamin C so it is essential to have a fresh supply every day.b) The leadership of the Party is essential to socialist revolution and socialist con

20、struction.3. convert:1) change one ' s opinion, religion, political belief, etc.a) Bill was converted to Christianity soon after he retired from the army.b) Kevin is such a stubborn man that not surprisingly his wife failed to convert him.2) change to or into another form, substance, or state, o

21、r from one useor purpose to anothera) Water is converted into steam if it is boiled.b) My uncle lived in a comfortable home converted from farm buildings some 15 miles to the northwest of the city.4. tissue:1) mass of cells forming the body of an animal or of a plantThe elderly lady strongly disappr

22、oves of the use of fetal tissue for the treatment of people with certain illnesses.2) thin light paper used esp. for wrapping things, or soft paper which is used for cleaning and is thrown away after use-The taxi driver always keeps a box of tissues in the taxi.5. serve as :be used for a particular

23、purposea) Her apartment also serves as her office.b) That will not serve you as an excuse.c) In the absence of anything better, the couch would serve as a bed for a couple of nights.6. liberate:set freea) Try to liberate yourself from preconceived ideas.b) They liberated all the prisoners.7. apparen

24、tly: according to appearance; as it seemsa) Not all of what Mr. Blair wrote was false, but much of what was true in his article was apparently lifted from other news reports.b) The young man was whistling by the window, apparently quite cheerful.8. in all likelihood:very probablya) In all likelihood

25、 the flight will be canceled.b) Interest rates will go up further in all likelihood.likelihood: probabilityThere is much/every/no/little likelihood that he lbl e elected for the second term.8. steadily:evenly; regularly; graduallyIt beslieved that today cshildren will be living in a steadily improvi

26、ng environment.9. beneath:below; underneatha)The industrialized world is completely dependent on oil, much of which resides beneath the surface of Middle Eastern countries.b)After weeks at sea, it was wonderful to feel firm ground beneath our feet once more.11. starvation:suffering or death from lac

27、k of foodDrought conditions during the 1980s led to widespread starvation in Africa.starve: v. be hungry; go without foodThe explorers starved to death in the desert.Let's get something to eat; I'm starving.12. widespread:found, placed, etc., in many placesa) A widespread flu epidemic affect

28、ed eighteen Western states.b) The president was elected to a new term with widespread popular support.13. structure:1) the way in which parts are formed into a wholeThe family is seen as the primary social structure for meeting the emotional needs of children.2) anything formed of many parts, esp. a

29、 building; any complex whole Many buildings of the period were steel and cement structure.14. collapse:1) fall down or inwards suddenlya) The building collapsed, trapping thousands of people.b) Quite a few houses collapsed in the heavy storm last week.2) fall helpless or unconsciousa) A hiker who co

30、llapsed along the snow-covered mountains was rescued after he d called for help from his cell phone.b) He collapsed while working and died on the way to hospital.3) fail suddenly and completely; break downa) The company collapsed without any sign beforehand.b) He thought his whole world had collapse

31、d when his wife died.15. pressure:1) the action of pressing with force or weighta) It takes a bit of pressure to make the lid close.b) The pressure of the water caused the wall of the dam to crack.2) trouble that causes anxiety and difficultya) The pressure of modern life is causing violence, murder

32、, suicide and an obsession with fortune-telling.His health collapsed under the pressure of work.16. come about:take place; happena) How did the accident come about?b) Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about.17. connection:relationship between things or eventsa) How long will the conne

33、ction of the new telephone take?b) The doctor believed that his illness must have had some connection with his diet.18. transparent:allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be clearly seen; thin or fine enough to be seen througha) The silk dress of the model was almost transparent.b

34、) The greenhouse was transparent all the way round, so the children can see the plants growing.19. radiation:the act of radiating heat, light, etc.; sth. which is radiateda) The building is designed to trap and store radiation from the sun.b) Nuclear radiation can attack the cells in living tissue.2

35、0. visible:that can be seen; noticeable to the eyea) Many stars are hardly visible to the naked eye.b) Children should wear bright orange when they are riding in the streetsso that they are more visible.21. tend:v. be likely toPrices are tending upwards.Old people tend to get fat.He tends towards se

36、lfishness.People tend to get fat as they grow older.22. distinctly:in a distinct manner; clearlya) I distinctly remember you promising to keep the secret.b) He was looking distinctly nervous before the exam this morning.distinct: adj.The twins had distinct tastes.You should make your writing distinc

37、t.23. creep:1) move slowly and quietly along the ground or a surfacea) The traffic was creeping along at a snail s pace.b) I heard a man creeping stealthily up to my door.2) move or advance slowly and quietlya) Surveys noted that the company is creeping onto cell phones and other wireless devices.b)

38、 Old age creeps up on you before you realize it.24. estimate:calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc. of sth.a) I had estimated that the work would take three days; however, it took a week.b) That ' jsst an estimate - nobody really knows what the figure is because nobody bothers to calculat

39、e it.25. polar:of or near the North or South PoleThe latest science tells us that, at the current rate of global warming, polar bears might not make it to the next century.26. melt:1) (cause to) become liquida) For a very long time the United States was regarded as a “ melting potb) The spring sun m

40、elts the snow and the lakes become ice-free by mid-March.2) gradually become smaller and then disappeara) Their differences melted away.b) Her anger melted away when she read the letter.27. factor:any of the things that cause or influence sth.a) There are many factors that influence who will ultimat

41、ely become the candidate for a party.b) Ability, industry, and health are factors of success in school.28. to make matters worse:with the result that a bad situation is made worsea) Trying to soothe her only make matters worse.b) I realized that anything I could say only make matters worse.29. disap

42、pear:1) go out of sighta) I saw the plane disappear behind a cloud.b) The spot disappeared when the shirt was washed.2) cease to exist; become losta) Let s hope that our difficulties will soon disappear.b) That species disappeared in the Ice Age.30. replace:take the place ofa) Robots are replacing h

43、umans for dangerous tasks.b) Can anything replace parental love?31. consume:use; use upa) Those big powerful cars consume a great deal of fuel.b) He soon consumed his fortune.32. perspective:a particular way of thinking about or viewing sth.a) The author sees the event in historical perspective.b) T

44、he perspective of the executives on the situation is rather different from that of the workers.33. nuclear:of, concerning, or using the nucleus of an atom, atomic energy, or the atom bombThey claimed that there was evidence that the country supported terrorism and possessed biological, chemical, and

45、 nuclear weapons.34. alternative:(n.) one of two or more possibilitiesa) We have no alternative in the matter.b) One of the alternatives open to the minister is to resign.(a.) that can be used instead of sth. Else; other; differentThey are alternative ways of expressing the same idea.35. interior(a.

46、 & n.) situated within or inside; innera) The interior walls of the building were painted green.b) The interior of the cave was dark.36. solar:of, from, or concerning the sunA solar cell takes radiation from the sun and converts it into electricity.36. compete:try to win sth. in competition with

47、 someone elsea) The two nations continued to compete with each other for influencein the resource-rich Third World.b) These young men competed for the silver medal.38. military:relating to the armed forcesa) The government accused the newspaper of preparing to reveal military secrets.b) The administ

48、ration became increasingly concerned with military action.39. apparently:adv. from appearances aloneHe was apparently surprised at the news.Apparently she did not succeed.40. fraction:n. a small part or item forming a piece of a wholeHe has done only a fraction of his homework.The story does not con

49、tain a fraction of truth.41. splash:vi. cause (a liquid) to spatter about, especially with force; walk through mud or mireShe accidentally splashed ink on my sleeve.42. do sb. harm 對某人造成損害If you do harm to me I shall not look over you.It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder.43. from yea

50、r to year 年復(fù)一年地，每年P(guān)rices fluctuate from year to year.Things get worse from year to year.44. go up上升，增長Inflation may be rising, if (it is) so, prices will go up.The financial times share index go up five point yesterday.45. make up彌補(bǔ)，和解，編造，整理，化妝，拼湊成I tried to make up for my loss.She tired to make up

51、to the boss.46. first of all 首先First of all, let me tell you the news.First of all she just smiled, then she started to laugh.47. at first 起先，開始時(shí)The answer was at first unapparent.At first we used hand tools.48. by itself 自動(dòng)地，獨(dú)自地The house stood by itself on a hill.The machine will start by itself in

52、 a few seconds.49. cut down 砍倒；減少He has to cut down on the consumption of meat.Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.諺 遮蔭之樹不可砍。50. object to 反對，不喜歡I object to our privacy being invaded.Many people object to experimentation on animals.III. Language Points1. It is not very poisonous and it is

53、present in the atmosphere in so smalla quantity only 0.034 percent that it does us no harm.1) Translate the sentence into Chinese.它毒性不大，在大氣層中的含量極小只占0.034不會(huì)對我們造成任何傷害。2. But here is what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas is doing to us:1) Analyze the structure of the sentenceIt is a

54、n inversion. “ here ” is used at the beginning of the sentence. The subject of the sentence is a complex sentence, consisting of a subject clause “ what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas.2)Translate the sentence into Chinese然而， 這一看上去無害而且無疑又必不可少的氣體卻正在對我們產(chǎn)生 影響。3. Where there are low

55、-lying coastal areas (where a large fraction of the world s population lives) the water will advance steadily, forcing people to retreat inland.1) Paraphrase the sentence.The water will move forward to the coastal areas that are not much above the land (in which a great number of people in the world

56、 live), as a result, many people have to move away and settle down inside their countries.2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.在那些低洼的沿海地區(qū)(在這些地區(qū)居住著世界上很大一部分人口)，海水會(huì)穩(wěn)步向前推進(jìn)，迫使人們向內(nèi)陸退居。4. Florida will disappear beneath the waves, as will much of the British Isles, the crowded Nile valley, and the low-lyi

57、ng areas of China, India, and Russia.1) Analyze the structure of the sentence.“as”作為連接詞引導(dǎo)了方式狀語從句，為了保持句子平衡，使用倒 裝句。More Examples:He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.He was exhausted, as were all the others in the team.2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.佛羅里達(dá)將會(huì)沉沒在海浪之下，英倫三島的大部分，人口稠密的尼羅河流域， 還有中國、印度和俄羅斯的低洼地區(qū)也都將遭到同樣的命運(yùn)。5. And all because of carbon dioxide.1) Paraphrase the sentence.The above mentioned results are all caused by carbon dioxide.6. Sunlight, striking the top of the atmosphere, travels right through miles of it to warm the Earth s surface.» , !sun1) What s the f