PEP小學(xué)英語語法要點(diǎn)及習(xí)題

1、PEP小學(xué)英語語法要點(diǎn)及習(xí)題一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-p

2、olicemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ pap

3、er_    juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：W

4、e study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+

5、don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she does

6、n't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ &#

7、160;carry _come_   watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_  teach_二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do

8、) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.1

9、4. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.  What day _(be) it today? Its Satu

10、rday.三、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7. I like taking photos in th

11、e park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is  your brother speak English?      _2. Does he likes going fishing?      

12、    _3. He likes play games after class.      _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.             _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在

13、進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing?   但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：    疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_

14、run_ swim _make_go_ like_  write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing  _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _  get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice foo

15、d  now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.  9. Its  5  oclock now. We _(have)supper

16、now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)_四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備

17、做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為

18、or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1.      問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2.      問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to wa

19、tch a race with me this   afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.     問什么時(shí)候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going    to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming

20、tomorrow. 練習(xí)：填空。1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.  下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.        你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎？是，

21、她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.        你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.        Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6.       

22、 Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7.        Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.        We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. 

23、60;     She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.        My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.   

24、60;    Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12.        My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.        Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14.   

25、     What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 15.        Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16.        What _ (d0) you do last

26、Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17.        Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.        Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.        David _

27、(give) a puppet show next Monday.20.        I _ (plan) for my study now五、一般過去時(shí)1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在wa

28、s或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子   否定句：didnt +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.   一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?   特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如：        What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Wh

29、o went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had,

30、 eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pas

31、s_ do  _Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）Name _    No. _ Date _一、        用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.        I _ at school just now.2.        He _ at the camp last week.3.        We _ students t

32、wo years ago.4.        They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.        Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6.        There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.        There _ some mil

33、k in the fridge on Sunday.8.        The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、        句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his

34、pocket.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（2）Name _    No. _ Date _一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.        I _ an English teacher now.2.        She _ happy yesterday.3.        They _ glad to see each other las

35、t month.4.        Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.        The little dog _ two years old this year.6.        Look, there _ lots of grapes here.7.        There _ a sign on the chai

36、r on Monday.8.        Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_三、        中

37、譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。_3一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。_行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）Name _    No. _ Date _一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship

38、with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early. &#

39、160;否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We sang some English songs.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)（2）Name _    No. _ Date _一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your

40、relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football

41、 in the playground.  否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國。_2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。_3. 他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。_過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)（1）Name _    No. _ Date _一、        用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last

42、Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We

43、 _ (go) to school on Sunday.二、        中譯英1. 我們上周五看了一部電影。_2. 他上個(gè)中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。  _3. 你們上個(gè)兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動(dòng)物園。  _4. 你上周在哪兒?在野營基地。  _過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)（2）Name _    No. _ Date _一、        用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. It _ (be) the 2nd of

44、 November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last mo

45、nth. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water)8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)二、中譯英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。  _2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。  _

46、3. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒有。  _六、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)一、形容詞的比較級(jí)1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more, a little 來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2形容詞加er的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加er ；以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ；以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)：  good-better, beautiful-mor

47、e beautiful二、副詞的比較級(jí)1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形，有形用be；有動(dòng)用副，有副用動(dòng))  在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動(dòng)詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后2副詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同 (不規(guī)則變化：well-better, far-farther)三、練習(xí)一)、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)  old_   young_   tall_   long_     short_   strong_   big_   small_  fat_    thin_   heavy_   light_  nice_