生物免疫學(xué)英文詞匯學(xué)習(xí)---

1、醫(yī)學(xué)免疫學(xué)英中文詞匯 Aaccessibility易接近性 acetylcholine，Ach乙酰膽堿 acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AIDS獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征(艾滋病)acquired tolerance獲得性免疫耐受 activation-induced cell death，AICD，活化誘導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞凋亡active immunotherapy主動免疫療法 acute phase protein，APP急性期蛋白acute rejection急性排斥反應(yīng) acute vascular rejection，AVR急性血管性排斥adaptive im

2、mune system適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng) adaptive immunity適應(yīng)性免疫adenosine deaminase，ADA腺苷脫氨酶 adhesion molecule，AM黏附分子adjuvant佐劑 adoptive immunity過繼免疫 adult thymectomy，AT成年胸腺切除術(shù)affinity親和力 affinity maturation(抗體)親和力成熟 agglutination凝集反應(yīng)alkaline phosphatase，AP堿性磷酸酶 allergen變應(yīng)原 allergic inflammation，AI變態(tài)反應(yīng)炎癥alloantigen同種異型抗原

3、allograft同種異基因移植 allotype同種異型alpha-fetoprotein，廿P甲胎球蛋白 alternative pathway旁路(替代)途徑anaphylatoxin過敏毒素 anaphylaxis過敏反應(yīng) ankylosing spondylitis，AS強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity， ADCC抗體依賴性細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞毒作用antibody，Ab抗體，antigen presentation抗原提呈antigen presenting cell，APC抗原提呈細(xì)胞,antigen，Ag抗原,an

4、tigen-binding fragment，F(xiàn)ab抗原結(jié)合片段,antigen-binding site抗原結(jié)合部位, antigenic determinant，AD抗原決定簇antigenic valence抗原結(jié)合價, antigenicity抗原性,anti-idiotype，Aid抗獨(dú)特型antiinfection immunity抗感染免疫antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素apoptosis細(xì)胞凋亡artificial active immunization人工主動免疫artificial antigen人工抗原artificial passive immuniza

5、tion人工被動免疫ataxia telangiectasia，AT 毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張性共濟(jì)失調(diào)綜合征atopy特應(yīng)性attenuated vaccine減毒活疫苗autoantigen 自身抗原autograft 自體移植autoimmune disease 自身免疫病autoimmunity自身免疫avidin親和素(抗生物素蛋白)avidity親合力azoprotein偶氮蛋白 Bp barrel p桶狀p lysin乙型溶素B cell receptor，BCR B細(xì)胞受體basophil嗜堿粒細(xì)胞Bence-Jones protem本周蛋白bbfunction anibody，BAb雙功

6、能抗體Bioinformaties生物信息學(xué)biological response modifier，BRM 生物應(yīng)答調(diào) 節(jié)劑biotin生物素,biotin-avidin system，BAS生物素一親和素系統(tǒng)bi-specific antibody，BsAb雙特異抗體bone marrow骨髓bovine gamma globulin，BGG牛丙種球蛋白bradykinin緩激肽bursa of Fabricius法氏囊bursa or bone marfow dependent lymphocyte法氏 囊或骨髓依賴的淋巴細(xì)胞(B細(xì)胞) CC reaction protein，CRP C

7、反應(yīng)蛋白C1 inhibitor，C1INH C1抑制物C3b inactivator C3b滅活因子(I因子)CA binding protein，CAbp CA結(jié)合蛋白Cadherin鈣黏蛋白Calnexin鈣聯(lián)蛋白carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌胚抗原carrier載體carrier effect載體效應(yīng)Caspase半胱天冬蛋白酶CD40 ligand，CD40L CIM0配體cell surface marker細(xì)胞表面標(biāo)記cellular rejection細(xì)胞性排斥反應(yīng)central immune organ中樞免疫器官central tolerance

8、 中樞耐受centroblast生發(fā)中心母細(xì)胞chemokine趨化因子chemotaxis趨化性chimeric antibody嵌合抗體chronic rejection慢性排斥反應(yīng)class 11-associated invariant chain peptide，CLIP 類相關(guān)的恒定鏈肽段classical pathway經(jīng)典途徑clonal anergy克隆無能clonal deletion克隆清除clonal selection theory克隆選擇學(xué)說cluster of differentiation，CD分化群codominance共顯性collagen，CA膠原蛋白co

9、lony forming unit-culture，CFU-C體外培養(yǎng)集落形成單位colony forming unit-spleen，CFU-S 脾集落形成單位colony stimulating factor，CSF集落刺激因子committed stem cell定向干細(xì)胞common antigen共同抗原complement dependent cytotoxicity，CDC 補(bǔ)體依賴的細(xì)胞毒complement receptor，CR補(bǔ)體受體complement system補(bǔ)體系統(tǒng)complement，C補(bǔ)體complementarity determining region，

10、CDR互補(bǔ)決定區(qū)complete antigen完全抗原concanavalin A，ConA刀豆蛋白A conformational determinant構(gòu)象決定簇conjugate vaccine結(jié)合疫苗constant region，C區(qū)恒定區(qū)Coombs test抗球蛋白試驗(yàn)coreceptor共受體cortex皮質(zhì)區(qū)co-stimulatory molecule receptor，CMR 協(xié)同刺激分子受體co-stimulatory molecule，CM協(xié)同刺激分子cross-reaction交叉反應(yīng)crystallizable fragment，F(xiàn)e可結(jié)晶片段CTL antig

11、en-4，Cn。A一4(CDl52) 細(xì)胞毒性T細(xì)胞抗原4CTL precursor，CTLp CTL前體細(xì)胞Cyclosporine A環(huán)孢菌素Acytokine，CK細(xì)胞因子cytolysis細(xì)胞裂解cytosolic pathway胞質(zhì)溶膠途徑cytotoxicity細(xì)胞毒cytotoxicity T lymphocyte， L(Tc) 細(xì)胞毒性T細(xì)胞 Ddecay-accelerating factor，DAF促衰變因子defensin防御素delayed type hypersensitivity，DTH 遲發(fā)型超敏反應(yīng)delayed-type hypersensitivity T

12、cell，遲發(fā)型超敏反應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞dendritic cell，DC樹突狀細(xì)胞dinitrophenol，DNP二硝基苯酚diploid二倍體direct recognition直接識別diversity多樣性diversity gene，D gene多樣性基因DNA vaccine DNA疫酉donor供者double immunodiffusion雙向免疫擴(kuò)散double negative cell，DN雙陰性細(xì)胞double positive cell，DP雙陽性細(xì)胞dual recognition(TCR)雙識別 Eearly pro-B cell早期祖B細(xì)胞endocytosis內(nèi)吞作

13、用endogenous antigen內(nèi)源性抗原endogenous pyrogen內(nèi)源性致熱原endosome內(nèi)體endosome pathway內(nèi)體途徑endothelial cell，EC內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞enzyme immunoassay，EIA酶免疫測定法enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA 酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)eosinophil嗜酸粒細(xì)胞epidermal growth factor，EGF表皮細(xì)胞生長因子epitope表位E-rosette test E花環(huán)試驗(yàn)erythropoietin，EPO紅細(xì)胞生成素exocytosis胞吐作用exogen

14、ous antigen外源性抗原expanded programme on immunization，EPI 擴(kuò)大 免疫規(guī)劃experimental autoimmune encephalitis，EAE實(shí)驗(yàn)性變態(tài)反應(yīng)腦脊髓炎extracellular matrix，ECM細(xì)胞外基質(zhì) Ffetal antigen胚胎抗原fibrinogen，F(xiàn)g纖維蛋白原fibroblast growth factor，F(xiàn)GF成纖維細(xì)胞生長因子fibroblastic cell成纖維細(xì)胞fibronectin，F(xiàn)N纖連蛋白flora disequilibrium菌群失調(diào)flow cytometry，F(xiàn)CM流式

15、細(xì)胞術(shù)follicle濾泡follicular dendritic cell，F(xiàn)I)C濾泡樹突狀細(xì)胞forbidden clone禁忌克隆foreignness異物性framework region，F(xiàn)R骨架區(qū)Freund adjuvant弗氏佐劑 Ggene knockout基因敲除gene therapy基因治療genetically engineering antibody基因工程抗體genotype基因型germinal center生發(fā)中心graft versus host disease，GVHD移植物抗宿：graft versus host reaction，GVHR 移植物抗

16、反應(yīng)granulocyte CSF，G-C忑F粒細(xì)胞集落刺激因子granulocyte-monocyte CSF，GM-CSF粒細(xì)胞一J 細(xì)胞集落因子grarlzyme，Gz顆粒酶Graves disease Graves病(甲狀腺功能亢進(jìn))growth factor，GF生長因子gut associated lymphoid tissue，GALT腸道相巴組織 Hhaplotype單倍型hapten半抗原Hashimoto thyroiditis橋本甲狀腺炎Hassall body胸腺小體heat shock protein，HSP熱休克蛋白heavy chain，H(免疫球蛋白)重鏈hel

17、per T cell，Th輔助性T細(xì)胞hemolytic plaque assay溶血空斑試驗(yàn)hemopoietic inductive microenvironment骨髓i微環(huán)境hemopoietic stem cell，HSC造血干細(xì)胞hepatocyte growth factor，HGF肝細(xì)胞生長因heterophilic antigen異嗜性抗原h(huán)igh active antiretroviral therapy，HAART i的抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒治療(雞尾酒療法)high endothelial venule，HEW高內(nèi)皮靜脈high-zone tolerance高帶耐受histoco

18、mpatibility antigen組織相容性抗原h(huán)omologous restriction factor，HRF同源限制Ehorseradish peroxidase，HRP辣根過氧化物酶host versus graft reaction，HVGR宿主抗移植物反應(yīng)human immunodeficiency virus，HIV 人類免疫缺陷陷病毒human leucocyte antigen，HLA人白細(xì)胞抗原h(huán)umanized antibody人源化抗體humoral immunity，HI體液免疫h(yuǎn)yperacute rejection，HAR超急性排斥反應(yīng)hypersensiti

19、vity超敏反應(yīng)hypervarible region，HVR高變區(qū) I idiotope獨(dú)特位idiotype，Id獨(dú)特型Ig class switch Ig類別轉(zhuǎn)換IL_1 receptor antagonist，1受體拮抗物immediate hypersensitivity速發(fā)型超敏反應(yīng)Immune competent cell，ICC免疫活性細(xì)胞immune complex disease，ICD免疫復(fù)合物病i。mmune complex，IC免疫復(fù)合物immune defense免疫防御Immune deviation免疫偏離mamune homeostasis免疫自穩(wěn)I。mmun

20、e ignorance免疫忽視Immune memory免疫記憶Immune organ免疫器官Immune receptor tyrosine-based activation motif， ITAM免疫受體酪氨酸活化基序immune regulation免疫調(diào)節(jié)immune response gene Ir基因Immune response，Ir免疫應(yīng)答lmrnune suppression免疫抑制Immune surveillance免疫監(jiān)視Immune system免疫系統(tǒng)Immunity免疫tmmunoadhesion(紅細(xì)胞的)免疫黏附lmmunobiology免疫生物學(xué)lmmun

21、odeficiency disease，IDD免疫缺陷病immunoelectrophoresis免疫電泳immunofluorescence免疫熒光l。mmunogen免疫原lmmunogenicity免疫原性lmmunoglobulin folding Ig折疊lmmunoglobulin superfomiey，IgSF免疫球蛋白超 家族immunoglobulin，Ig免疫球蛋白immunohistochemistry technique免疫組化技術(shù)Immunolabelling technique免疫標(biāo)記技術(shù)immunology免疫學(xué)immunonephelometry免疫比濁imm

22、unoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif，ITIM免疫受體氨酸抑制基序lmmunotherapy免疫治療Immunotoxn免疫毒素inactivated vaccine滅活疫苗Incomplete antigen不完全抗原indirect recognition間接識別Innate immune system固有免疫系統(tǒng)innate immunity固有免疫insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus，IDDM胰島素依耐型糖尿病integrin整合素intercellular adhesion molecule，ICAM

23、細(xì)胞間黏附分子interdigitating cell，IDC并指狀細(xì)胞interferon，IFN干擾素interleukin，IL白細(xì)胞介素internal image內(nèi)影像interstitial IX；間質(zhì)性樹突狀細(xì)胞intra-epithelial lymphocyte，IEL小腸上皮內(nèi)淋巴 細(xì)胞invariant chain，Ii恒定鏈isograft同種同基因移植isotype 同種型 Jjoining chain，J J鏈joining gene，J gene連接基因 Kkiller cell activation receptor，KAR 受體killer cell inhi

24、bitory receptor，KIR 受體 L殺傷細(xì)胞活化殺傷細(xì)胞抑制laminin，LM層黏蛋白Langerhans cell，LC朗格漢斯細(xì)胞large pre-B cell大前B細(xì)胞late phase reaction遲發(fā)相反應(yīng)late-pro B cell晚期祖B細(xì)胞leader sequence前導(dǎo)序列l(wèi)ectin cell adhesion molecule family，LEC-CAM外 源凝集素細(xì)胞黏附分子家族leukemia inhibitory factor，LIF白血病抑制因子leukocyte adhesion deficiency，LAD 白細(xì)胞黏附缺陷leuko

25、cyte differentiation antigen。UDA抗原leukotriene，LT白三烯light chain，L(免疫球蛋白)輕鏈linear determinant線性決定簇linkage disequilibrium連鎖不平衡lipopolysaccharide，LPS細(xì)菌脂多糖long acting thyroid stimulator，LATS 刺激素白細(xì)胞分化長效甲狀腺low molecular weight polypeptide，LMP低分子質(zhì) 量多肽low-zone tolerance低帶耐受lymph node淋巴結(jié)lymphocyte淋巴細(xì)胞lymphocy

26、te function associated antigen，U、A淋巴 細(xì)胞功能相關(guān)抗原lymphocyte homing淋巴細(xì)胞歸巢lymphocyte homing receptor。LHR受體lymphoid stem cell淋巴干細(xì)胞lymphokine activated kill cell。LAK的殺傷細(xì)胞lymphotoxin，LT淋巴毒素lysozyme溶菌酶淋巴細(xì)胞歸巢淋巴因子激活 Mmacroglobulin巨球蛋白(IgM)macrophage colony-stimulating factor，M-CSF 巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子macrophage inflammat

27、ory protein-1，MIP-1 巨噬細(xì) 胞炎癥蛋白一1macrophage，MS巨噬細(xì)胞macropinocytosis巨吞飲作用major histocompatibility complex，MHC主要組織 相容性復(fù)合體mannan-binding lectin，MBL甘露聚糖結(jié)合凝集素mast cell肥大細(xì)胞MBL associated serine protease，MASP MBL相關(guān) 的絲氨酸蛋白酶medulla髓質(zhì)membrane attack complex，MAC膜攻擊復(fù)合物membrane cofactor protein，MCP膜輔助蛋白membrane Ig，

28、nag膜型IgMHC restriction MHC限制性Mierochimerism微嵌合minor histocompatibility antigen，mHA 次要組織 相容性抗原mitogen絲裂原mixed lymphocyte reaction，MLR混合淋巴細(xì)胞反應(yīng)monoclonal antibody，McAb單克隆抗體monocyte chemotactic proteirrl，MCPLl單核細(xì)胞趨化蛋白一1monocyteMo單核細(xì)胞mononuclear phagocyte system，MPS單核一吞噬細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)mucosaassociated lymphoid tiss

29、ue，MALT黏膜相 關(guān)的淋巴組織mucosal addressing cell adhesion molecule，Mad CAM黏膜地址素細(xì)胞黏附分子mucosal immune system，MIS黏膜免疫系統(tǒng)MultiCsF多集落刺激因子(IL-3)multiple alleles復(fù)等位基因multiple sclerosisMS多發(fā)性硬化癥multipotential stem cell多能干細(xì)胞myasthenia gravis，MG重癥肌無力myelin basic protein，MBP髓磷脂堿性蛋白myeloid 13(2，mDC髓樣樹突狀細(xì)胞myeloid stem cel

30、l髓系干細(xì)胞myeloid-erythroid stem cell髓紅系干細(xì)胞myeloma protein，M蛋白骨髓瘤蛋白 Nnatural antigen天然抗原natural killer cell，NK自然殺傷細(xì)胞natural tolerance天然免疫耐受negative selection陰性選擇neoantigen新抗原neutrophil中性粒細(xì)胞never growth factor，NGF神經(jīng)生長因子non-professional APC非專職抗原提呈細(xì)胞nurse cell撫育細(xì)胞 oopsonin調(diào)理素opsonization調(diào)理作用oral tolerance

31、口服耐受osteopontin骨橋蛋白 PPaneth cell潘氏細(xì)胞papain木瓜蛋白酶passive immunotherapy被動免疫療法pathogen associated molecular pattern，PAMP 病 原相關(guān)模式分子pattern recognition receptor，PRR模式識別受體pepsin胃蛋白酶perforinPf穿孔素peripheral blood mononuclear cell，PBMC 外周血單個核細(xì)胞peripheral immune organ外周免疫器官peripheral tolerance外周耐受Peyer patch，P

32、P派氏淋巴小結(jié)(集合淋巴結(jié))phagocyte吞噬細(xì)胞phagocytosis吞噬作用phagolysosome吞噬溶酶體phagosome吞噬體phytohemagglutinin，PHA植物斑凝素pinocytosis吞飲作用planed immunization計(jì)劃免疫plateletderived factor，PDF 血小板衍生的生長 因子pluripotent stem cell多能干細(xì)胞pokeweed mitogen，PWM美洲商陸polyI：C聚肌胞polyclonal antibody，PcAb多克隆抗體polymeric Ig receptor，plgR多聚免疫球蛋白受體

33、polymorphism多態(tài)性positive selection 陽性選擇precipitation沉淀反應(yīng)primary immunodeficiency disease，PIDD原發(fā)性免 疫缺陷病primary response初次應(yīng)答professional APC專職抗原提呈細(xì)胞prostaglandin D2，PGD2前列腺素132proteasome蛋白酶體proteasome p subunit，PSMB蛋白酶體8亞單位protein tyrosine kinase，阿(蛋白酪氨酸激酶purified protein derivative，PPD純蛋白衍生物 Rradioimm

34、unoassay，RIA放射免疫測定法rapamycin雷帕霉素receptor-mediated endocytosis 受體介導(dǎo)的胞吞作用recipient受者recombinant antigen vaccine重組抗原疫苗recombinant vector vaccine重組載體疫苗recombinase重組酶regulatory T cell，Treg調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞restriction fragment length polymorphism，RFLP 限制性片段長度多態(tài)性rheumatoid arthritis，RA類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎rheumatoid factor，RF類風(fēng)濕因子R

35、NA interference，RNRNA干擾 Sscavenger receptor清道夫受體secondary imrnunodeficiency disease，SIDD繼發(fā)性 免疫缺陷病secondary response再次應(yīng)答secreted IgA，SIgA分泌型IgA secretory component，SC分泌成分secretory piece，SP分泌片selectin family選擇素家族self tolerance 自身耐受self-renewal 自我更新senquential determinant順序決定簇sequence specific primer，S

36、SP序列特異引物sequestered antigen隱蔽抗原serine protease絲氨酸蛋白酶serological reaction血清學(xué)反應(yīng)severe combined-immunodeficiency diseaseSCID 重癥聯(lián)合免疫缺陷病side-chain theory側(cè)鏈學(xué)說single chain of variable fragment，F(xiàn)v單鏈可變區(qū) 片段single immunodiffusion單向免疫擴(kuò)散skin associated lymphoid tissue，SALT皮膚相關(guān) 淋巴組織small pre-B cell小前B細(xì)胞soluble cytokine receptor，sCKR 受體specificity特異性spleen脾split tolerance耐受分離staphylococcus protein A，SPA蛋白可溶性細(xì)胞因子金黃色葡萄球菌Astem cell factor，SCF干細(xì)胞因子stromal cell基質(zhì)細(xì)胞subunit vaccine亞單位疫苗super family超家族superantigen，SAg超抗原suppressor T cell，Ts抑制性T細(xì)胞switc