C++練習題2015年下(讀程序練習題)(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一、 讀程序題目1. 本題考核指針與字符串，指向字符串的指針，意味著指針變量中存放字符串在內(nèi)存中所占存儲空間的首地址。此時指針變量可以作為數(shù)組名來使用。#include <iostream >using namespace std;void main()char *str = "abbcdace"int c1 = 0, c2 = 0, c3 = 0, c4 = 0;for (int i = 0; stri; i+)switch (stri) default: c4+;case 'a':c1+;case 'b

2、9;:c3+;case 'c':c2+; cout << c1 << "," << c2 << "," << c3 << "," << c4 << endl; 知識點復習：字符串結(jié)束標記為0 ,字符串在內(nèi)存中存放時實際字符后存放0這個標記。當輸出字符串時遇到0停止輸出。 for(int i = 0; stri; i+) 中的stri表示循環(huán)條件，讀出字符數(shù)組str中的各個字符，顯然遇到0停止。即stri等價于stri!=0。

3、 Switch結(jié)構特點：找到表達式滿足的入口后開始執(zhí)行本分支中的語句，遇到 break語句跳出switch結(jié)構，但如果沒有遇到break，執(zhí)行完本分支后繼續(xù)執(zhí)行下一分支語句。 將switch結(jié)構改為如下形式，結(jié)果是什么？ switch (stri) default: c4+; break;case 'a':c1+; break;case 'b':c3+; break;case 'c':c2+; break; 2. 枚舉類型與枚舉變量的定義enum 枚舉類型名 枚舉常量列表 變量列表 ;定義枚舉類型的同時定義枚舉變量：enum Color Red,

4、 Yellow, White, Blue, Blackc1;先定義類型，再定義變量： enum Color Red, Yellow, White, Blue, Black; Color c1; #include <iostream>using namespace std;enum Color Red, Yellow, White, Blue, Blackc; void main()c= Red; cout << c << endl; c = Yellow; cout << c << endl;c = Black; cout <&

5、lt; c << endl;第一行運行結(jié)果為? 第二行運行結(jié)果為？第三行運行結(jié)果為？3. 復合語句：在復合語句中定義的變量僅在該語句中有效。#include <iostream >using namespace std;int c = 0;class Baseint a;public:Base()a = 2;c+;Base() c-; friend void show();void show() cout << "結(jié)果為： " << c << endl; void main()Base a;show(); Base

6、 b3; show();show();4. 繼承，組合#include <iostream >using namespace std;class Baseint x;public:Base(int y) cout << "調(diào)用基類構造函數(shù)" << endl; x=y; Base() cout << "調(diào)用基類析構函數(shù)" << endl; void showx() cout << x << "," int Getx() return x; ;class

7、Derived :public Baseint k;Base b1;public:Derived(int n, int m, int p) :Base(m), b1(p)cout << "調(diào)用派生類構造函數(shù)" << endl;k= n;Derived() cout << "調(diào)用派生類析構函數(shù)" << endl; void show()Base:showx();cout << k << "," << b1.Getx() << endl;voi

8、d main()Derived obj(8, 13, 24);obj.show();5. 函數(shù) #include<iostream >using namespace std;class Testpublic:Test(double m, double n, double d) :p(d) a = m; b = n; void Show();void Show() const;private:double a, b;const double p;void Test:Show()cout << a << "," << b <

9、< endl;cout << "p=" << p << endl;void Test:Show() constcout << a<< "," << b << " const" << endl;cout << "p=" << p << " const" << endl;void main()Test t1(3.3, 5.5, 7.7);t1.Show

10、();const Test t2(8, 6, 4);t2.Show();6. 指針#include <iostream >using namespace std;void fun1(int a, int *p1, int *p2)*p1 = 2*a;*p2 = a*a;void main()int a, p, q;a = 5;fun1(a, &p, &q);cout << p << "," << q << endl;7. 聯(lián)合#include<iostream >using namesp

11、ace std;union dataint i;char c;float f;d;void main()for (int j = 0; j<3; j+)switch (j) case 0: d.i = 8; cout << d.i << endl; break; case 1: d.c = 'a' cout << d.c << endl; break; case 2: d.f = 9.1; cout << d.f << endl; break;8.運算符重載#include <iostream

12、>#include <string>using namespace std;class Pointpublic:Point(char *s)p = new charstrlen(s) + 1;strcpy(p, s);void Show() cout << p << endl; char& operator (int i) return *(p + i); private:char *p;void main()char *s = "PEKING"Point x(s);x.Show();int n = strlen(s);wh

13、ile (n >= 0)xn - 1 = xn - 1 + 32;n-;x.Show();9.多重繼承與虛函數(shù)#include<iostream> using namespace std;class A public:virtual void fun()cout << "fun in class A" << endl;class Bpublic:virtual void fun()cout << "fun in class B" << endl;class C :public A, pub

14、lic Bpublic:void fun()cout << "fun in class C" << endl;int main()C c;A& p1 = c;B& p2 = c;C& p3 = c;p1.fun();p2.fun();p3.fun();10. 純虛函數(shù)（抽象類），基類指針指向派生類對象。#include<iostream>#include<string> using namespace std;class Vehiclepublic:virtual void show() = 0;pro

15、tected:char Name20;class Car :public Vehiclepublic:Car(char *name)strcpy(Name, name);void show()cout << Name << endl;protected:int Radius;class Truck :public Vehiclepublic:Truck(char *name)strcpy(Name, name);void show()cout << Name << endl;class Boat :public Vehiclepublic:Boa

16、t(char *name)strcpy(Name, name);void show()cout << Name << endl;void main()Vehicle *p;Car car("法拉利");Truck truck("卡車");Boat boat("潛水艇");p = &car;p->show();p = &truck;p->show();p = &boat;p->show();11. 異常處理機制讀懂程序9-1，9-2。運行程序，理解什么情況下程序停止繼續(xù)執(zhí)

17、行。請自己輸入代碼驗證。12. 函數(shù)模板#include <iostream>using namespace std;template <typename T>void bubblesort(T a, int n) /從大到小，即降序int i, j;T temp;for (i = 0; i<n - 1; i+) /輪數(shù)for (j = 0; j<n - i - 1; j+) /每論兩兩交換的次數(shù)，j也是下標if (aj<aj + 1)temp = aj;aj = aj + 1;aj + 1 = temp;template <typename T>void print(T a, int n)for (int i = 0; i<n; i+)cout << ai << 't'void main()int x8 = 23, 21, 15, 45, 66, 57, 86, 9 ;bubblesort(x, 8);print(x,