(完整版)非謂語知識點,推薦文檔

1、非謂語、獨立主格非謂語I came here at six.簡單句I came here at six to meet him.不定式作非謂語I came here at six, carry ing my no tebook.動名詞作非謂語I came here at six, worried.分詞作非謂語非謂語的三種形式不定式 to doTo be or not to be, that is a questi on.動名詞 doingSeeing is believ ing.分詞 doing/done（現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞）（We were ） Born to wi n.Dilige nee

2、 is the path lead ing to happ in ess.不定式1）不定式在句中的作用Not to advanee is to go back.主語表語He promised not to tell anyone about it.賓語My dream to become a star never came true.定語En glish is difficult to learn.補語She came at last, only to find there is nothing to eat.狀語I don ' t knowhat to do.賓語To tell yo

3、u the truth, I don ' t quite like the movie.狀語2）不定式的時態(tài)與語態(tài)四種形式主動被動一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have bee n done進(jìn)行式to be doing/完成進(jìn)行式to have bee n doing/3）不定式5大易犯錯誤 .That ' snormal to make mistakes. wrong把that改成itIt's no rmal to make mistakes.形式主語主語It + to do sth.（形式主語）It ' s alwa

4、ys easy to say but hard to do.I find ithard to hate him.形式賓語賓語 I don ' t know if to help him or not. WrongI don 'tknow whether to help him or not.表示是否時，只能用whether,不用ifv.+ （what/who/which/how/whe n/where/whether） + to do .I appreciate you to help me so much. Wrongappreciate 后不能加不定式應(yīng)改成：I appre

5、ciate your help ing.I appreciate your help.這些動詞后只能加不定式afford, aim, appear, bother, care, happe n,force, permit, en able,long desire, determ ine, expect, hope, promise, fail, hesitate, prepare, pretend, refuse, endeavor, seem, tend, ought, I n eed some paper to write. Wrongto write 作定語修飾 paper,把 pape

6、r 帶進(jìn)去 write on the paperI n eed some paper to write on.I have a letter to write.I n eed some paper to write on.I need a pen to write with. To save mon ey, every means has bee n tried.Wrongsave money 的邏輯主語是人，而句子的主語是every means邏輯不一致應(yīng)改成： To save money, he has tried every means.To lear n En glish well,

7、(字典必不可缺。)he should have a dicti onary he n eeds a dicti onary不能寫成 a dictionary is necessary4.不定式to省略的2種情況 感官動詞之后see, watch, observe, no tice, hear, feel+ do表示動作的完整性，真實性；I saw him work in the garde n yesterday.看他工作勞動的整個過程+ doing表示動作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性I saw him worki ng in the garde n yesterday.看他工作這件事，看到的是片段，不是

8、全過程注：感官動詞后面接形容詞而不是副詞The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 使役動詞 have/bid/make/let 等詞后I ' d like to have Leon do it.注：感官動詞和使役動詞變被動，需要還原toA man was see n to en ter the shop.被動的時候一定要把省略的to加上真題鏈接(題號為在真題中的順序)68. Mrs. Brow n is supposedfor Italy last week.(1990-1)A) to have leftB) to be leav ingC

9、) to leaveD) to have bee n left61. Mr. Joh nson preferredheavier work to do.(1993-6)A) to be give nB) to be givingC) to have give nD) hav ing give n47. There is more land in Australia than the government knows (1989-1)A) what to do withB) how to doC) to do with itD) to do it87. Charity groups organi

10、 zed various activities(為地震幸存者籌款)。(2011-12)to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake87. 為了確保他參加會議 ),I called him up inadva nee. (2010-12)(In order) To en sure him to atte nd the meeti ngTo en sure his atte ndance at the meet ing動名詞1.動名詞在句中的作用Collecting stamps is my hobby.主語I dream about bei

11、ng with you forever賓語My job is protecting you.表語2只能加動名詞的情況 這些動詞后admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, ban,con sider, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy, en dure, escape, excuse, fini sh, forbid, forgive, imagi ne, keep, men ti on, mind, miss, pard on, permit, practise, prevent, prohibit, risk 這些動詞短語后

12、can ' t help, feel like, put off, give up, keep on object to, pay attention to, stick to, get down to 開始認(rèn)真做,be get used to 習(xí)慣于，lead to 導(dǎo)致，be devoted to 致力于，專用于， take to 開始喜歡做，be opposed to,這里的to都是介詞，因此后面加動名詞 這些表達(dá)后it's no good; it's no/little/hardly anyuse;it s worthwhile; spend money/tim

13、e;there ' s no point干某事沒有意義)；there's no thi ng worse tha n 3.動名詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)一般形式：I like watch ing TV.doing完成形式：I regret not hav ing take n your advice.hav ing done被動形式：This questio n is far from being settled.being done真題鏈接89. We look forward to (被邀請出席開幕式).(2010-06)being invited to attend the openi

14、ng ceremony48. The match was can celled because most of the membersa matchwithout a sta ndard court.(1991-6)A) objected to hav ingB) were objected to haveC) objected to haveD) were objected to hav ing.someth ing at him.68. She was so angry that she felt like(1992-6)A) . to throwB) throwi ngC) to hav

15、e throw nD) hav ing throw n51.1 appreciateto your home. (1991-6)A) to be in vitedB) to have in vitedC) hav ing in vitedD) being in vited69. Our modern civilization must not be thought of as period of time. (cet4)A) being createdB) to have been createdC) ) having been createdD) to be created補充 1: 動名詞

16、與不定式都可以作主語、賓語、表語，它們有什么區(qū)別 Swimming is my favorite sport.To swim with Jane is what I ' m going to do this afternoon. 動名詞：泛指的、經(jīng)常性的 不定式：具體的、一次性的、將來的補充 2：這些動詞后即可加不定式，也可加動名詞，有什么區(qū)別 . demand, deserve, need, require, want表需要的動詞v. + doing / to be done 意思一致，無區(qū)別My car needs repairing. = My car needs to be r

17、epaired.48. Your hair wants . You' d better have it done(1997-6)A) cutB) to cutC) cuttingD) being cut 也可以說 to be cut . remember, forget, regret,v. +不定式，表示 記得/忘記/后悔/ 要去做某事V. +動名詞，表示記得/忘記/后悔 做過某事64. John regretted to the meeting last week. (1990-1)A) not goingB) not to goC) not having been goingD)

18、 not to be going43. I ' ll never forget you for the first time.(2001-1)A) to meetB) meetingC) to have metin a shorttomorrow.D) having to be meetingDon' t forget to walk the dog while I am away, (1993 -1) .stop, continue, go onv+不定式，表示停下/繼續(xù)去做另一事v+動名詞，表示停下/繼續(xù) 正在做的事(2005-1)Tony should con ti nu

19、e tak ing the course.現(xiàn)在上課，繼續(xù)上課They will continue to exist along with on-line education.以前不存在，現(xiàn)在有了，并且將繼續(xù)存在 .trytry +不定式，表示作了一番努力，試圖完成某事 try +動名詞，表示做某事試試（看有什么效果）I ' ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天設(shè)法來。Let ' s try knocking at the back door. 咱們敲敲后門試試。 .meanmean + 不定式，表示打算（想要）做某事 mean + 動名詞，表示意味著 He

20、did not mean to hurt you.他不是有意要傷害你。This ill ness will mea n going to hospital.得了這種病就意味著要住院。分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing :表示主動的，正在進(jìn)行的動作過去分詞done :表示被動的，已完成的動作分詞在句中的作用a fallen leafa falling leaf作定語修飾leaf,看動作進(jìn)行中還是已完成決定There is no thi ng left.There is no thi ng interesting作nothing補語，看分詞與nothing 的關(guān)系決定She looked tired with

21、 cook ing.You are amazing.作表語，看分詞與主語的主被動關(guān)系決定Having already bee n told many times, he fin ally cha nge the bad habit.Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.作狀語，看分詞與主句主語的主被動關(guān)系 作插入語Gen erally speak ing, talki ng of judgi ng fromso真題鏈接in this way, the situation doesn ' Seem disap poi n

22、ting. (2000-01)A) To look atB) Look ing atC) Looked atD) To be looked at47. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mou ntai n does notseem high at all. (1990-1)A) Whe n comparedB) CompareC) While compari ngD) Compari ng46. in a rece nt scie nee competiti on, the three stude nts were awardedscholarships totali ng $21,000.(2001-1)A) Judged the bestB) Judg ing the bestC) To be judged the bestD) Having judged the best獨立主格He went off, holding a