(完整版)初中虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與答案(帶解析)

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解語(yǔ)氣（mood）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，用以表示說話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣有三種：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。直陳語(yǔ)氣（indicative mood）,表示所說的話是事實(shí)。祈使語(yǔ)氣（imperative mood）,表示所說的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語(yǔ)氣（subjunctive mood）,表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相 反的假設(shè)等。.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件句（或稱虛擬條件句）兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用陳述

2、語(yǔ)氣。如：If it doesn' t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。Oil floats if you pour it on water.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來。虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式（be的過去式用 were）should (would, might , could )+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)+had+過去分詞should( would, might ,could ) + hav

3、e +過去分詞與將來事實(shí)可能相反If主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式（be的過去式用were）； should +動(dòng)詞原形； were to +動(dòng)詞原形should (would, might , could )+動(dòng)詞原形1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過去式（be的過去式用were）,主句的謂語(yǔ)用should （would, might ， could ）+ 動(dòng)詞原形。如：If it were n ot raining, we should go for a pic nic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。（事實(shí)是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）If he came

4、here, he might be able to help you.如果他來這，他就能夠幫助你了。（事實(shí)是：他沒來這，他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。2. 與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用 could ） + have 過去分詞。had+ 過去分詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)用 should （ would, might如： She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。（事實(shí)是：當(dāng)時(shí)沒有人邀請(qǐng)她，因此，她沒有來參加聚會(huì)。表示后悔。 ）If she hadn't call

5、ed me, I would have overslept this morning.今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會(huì)睡過頭了。（事實(shí)是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒有睡過頭。表示感激。 ）3. 與將來事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過去式 （be 的過去式用 were） ； should 動(dòng)詞 原形； were to 動(dòng)詞原形，主句用 should （ would, might ， could ） +動(dòng)詞原形。如： If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.明年我要是

6、二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。 （事實(shí)是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語(yǔ)了。 ）If it should fail, I would try again. 要是失敗了， 我會(huì)再試一次。（ 事實(shí)是： 有可能失敗， 可我會(huì)再試。 表示未知。 ）虛擬語(yǔ)氣專練1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had read C. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you a few minutes earlier

7、you him.A. come ,would meetB. had come, would have metC. come, will meetD. had come, would meet3.The two students talked as if they friends for years.A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been4.It is important that I with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak5.H

8、e looked as if he ill for a long time.A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not .A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I with you last night

9、.A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone8.Let ' s say you could go there again how feelA. will you B. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can 't stand him. He always talks as though he everythin g.A. knewB. knows C. has knownD. had known10. the fog we should have reached our schoo

10、l.A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for11.If you had told me in advance I him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he me how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has ta

11、ught D. would teach13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I so busy then.A. had beenB. were C. wasD. would be14.He 's working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behindB. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind15.If it another ten minutes the game would have

12、 been called off.A. had rained B. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they use a trick instead of fighting.A. ShouldB. would C. do D. had17.My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he there.A. not wentB. won ' t go C. not goD. not to go18.I would have gon

13、e to the meeting if I time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I buying a new bikeA. decided against B. will decide against C. have decided D. shall decide against 20.You look so tired tonight. It is time youA. go to sleepB. went to sleep21. Why didn ' t you buy aA. h

14、ad B. have hadC. go to bed new car I would have bought one if IC. would haveD. had hadD. went to bedenough money.522.If she could sewA. she make a dressC. she will make a shirtB. she would have made a shirtD. she would had made a coat23. today he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he

15、leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves24. His doctor suggested that he a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would take C. takeD. took25. The Bakers arrived last night. If they ' d only let us know earlier at the station.A. we 'd meet themB. we ' ll meet themC. we'd have met them D.

16、we've met them 26.If I you I more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was, shall pay B. am, will payC. would be, would payD. were, would pay27.We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone h

17、is car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will have29.It is strange that he so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name A. or does she know mineB. and where does she liveC. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just a

18、rrived but he talks as if he all about that.A. know B. knows C. known D. knew 32.If I the money I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. owned C. had D. had had33.He was very busy yesterday otherwise he to the meeting.A. would comeB. came C. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian in

19、sists that John no more books from the library before he returns all thebooks he has borrowed.A. will takeB. took C. take D. takes35.I left very early last night but I wish I so early.A. didn ' t leaveB. hadn 't left C. haven 't left D. couldn ' t leave36.I do not have a job. I would

20、 find one but I no time.A. had B. didn ' t have C. had had D. have37.I wish that you such a bad headache because I' m sure that you would have enjoyed theconcert.A. hadn ' t B. didn 't have had C. hadn 't had D. hadn 't have 38.He insisted that we all in his office at one o &

21、#39; clock.A. beB. to be C. would be D. shall be39. - Helen couldn ' t go to France after all.-That ' s too bad. I ' m sure she would have enjoyed it if .A. she ' s gone B. she ' ll go C. she ' d gone D. she ' d go40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I an h

22、our before the discussion begins.A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go15 BBDAD6 10 DDCAD1115 CDCAA1620 ACAAD2125 DBCCC2630 DCCCD3135 DDCCB3639 DCAC解析：1. wish 后面用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成時(shí)。2. 條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。3. as if 后面如果表示真實(shí)情況就不用虛擬。4.It is important that 是主語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句用 sb. should do 的形

23、式。5.as if 后面是真實(shí)情況，不虛擬。6.lain 是 lie 的過去分詞，表示 “躺 ”。7. could have done 表示 “本來可以 ”。8. 與將來相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用過去將來時(shí)。9. as if 表示不可能發(fā)生的事情時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。lO.but for表示 要不是的話”通常與虛擬語(yǔ)氣搭配使用。11.in advance 表示 “事先”，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。12. wish 的賓語(yǔ)從句表示發(fā)生在將來的愿望用過去將來時(shí)。13. but 的并列句表示真實(shí)情況，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。14. for fear that 后面的狀語(yǔ)從句用 sb. should do 的形式。15. 表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句用過去將來完成時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。16. suggest 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用 sb. should do 的形式。17. suggest 后面的從句用 sb.