Unit1Friendship

1、Unitl Friendship學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)清單:對(duì)于要學(xué)的知識(shí)做到心中有底，這樣才能更好的安排自己的學(xué)習(xí)步驟和學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，愿知識(shí)清單能夠更好的幫 助你進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)！我們將要熟悉的話題:Frie nds and frien dsh ip; interpersonal relati onships我們將要掌握的詞匯及詞組：add point up set ignore calm concern loose cheat reas on list share feeli ng Netherla nds Germa n outdoors crazy n ature purpose dare thun der

2、 en tirely po wer accord ing trust in doors suffer tee nager advice questi onn aire quiz situati on editor com muni cate habitadd up calm dow nhave got to be concerned about walk the dog go through hide away set dow naseries of on purposein order to face to face according to get along with fall in l

3、ove join in我們將要運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)言功能1. 態(tài)度(attitudes) Are you afraid that ？ I ' ve grown so crazy about-.I didn' t dare2. 同意和不同意( agreement and disagreemen)I agree. I think so. Exactly.I don t agree. I donso. t thi'nkm afraid not.3. 肯定程度(certainty)That ' s correct. Of course not.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)二直接引語(yǔ)和間接

4、引語(yǔ)一一 .(1):.陳述句和疑問(wèn)句1. 陳述句“ I don wantto set down a series of facts in a diary. said Anne. ”Anne said that she didn 'wfantto set down a series of facts in a diary.2. 一般疑問(wèn)句He asked. Are you leaving tonight ?”He asked us whether we were leaving that night.3. 特殊疑問(wèn)句“ When did you go to bedast night?”

5、fathes aid to Anne.Father asked Anne whe n she went to bed the ni ght before.Warming up and Reading課前.1主預(yù)習(xí)方案.I. 重點(diǎn)單詞(能花十分鐘把I和II兩部分的單詞和詞組在課本中查出來(lái)并寫上嗎？相信自己能 夠做到！查完了別忘了讀一讀記一記哦)1. (adj.)心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的 ； (vt.)使不安；使心煩.(vt.)不理睬；忽視； (n.)(v.)(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定；_ (vt.)(使)擔(dān)憂；_(adj.)德國(guó)的；_ (adv.)在戶外；.6.7.(adj.)整個(gè)的

6、；II. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. add涉及；關(guān)系到；(n.)德國(guó);在野外；完全的；全部的_ (adj.)平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的(adj.)擔(dān)心的；憂慮的(n.)德國(guó)人(復(fù)數(shù)形式)(反義詞)(adv.)2. calm ()3. be concerned合計(jì)(使)平靜下來(lái)；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái) 關(guān)心；掛念144.the dog遛狗5. go6. set7. aofpurpose經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受記下；放下；登記一連串的；一系列；一套故意9.order to為了10.dusk在黃昏時(shí)刻11. faceface面對(duì)面的12.longer/ not any Ion gerIII.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀1）閱讀Anne ' best

7、 friend,然后完成下面的表格。（這是細(xì)節(jié)題，人人可以做到，不信試試看啊，試著在5分鐘之內(nèi)完成，你就很棒了！）不再Name:1.Natio nality:2.P lace to live in World War II:3.Reas on for being hidde n: 4.Being hidde n for: 5.yearsCaught fin ally because: 6.2）挑戰(zhàn)自我 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容將下面短文補(bǔ)充完整。（這題是拔高題，考你的記憶能力、理解能力，試著在分鐘之內(nèi)讀完課文然后關(guān)書填空，挑戰(zhàn)一下自我?。。?0Anne was a little girl who live

8、d in the Netherla nds with her family. Because they were Jews, they had toeverywhere, _2_ they would be caught by the German Nazis._3_ that time she had to regard the diaryher only friend, because she thought the diary was a friend _5_ she could tell everyth ing to, like her dee pest and thoughts. A

9、nd she needn 'be afraid that it would _1_ her, or just couldn 'understand what she was _8_ . In one of her diaries, she described how she felt after 9 in the hiding place for over two years: I haven 'been able to be 10 for so long that I ve grown so 11 about everything 12 with nature, th

10、e sky, the song of the6birds, the flowers, even the wind and the rain 課堂自主學(xué)習(xí)方案.要點(diǎn)探究1.詞匯知識(shí)1. add up合計(jì)；加起來(lái) Add up your score and see how many points you get. 累加你的分?jǐn)?shù)，看你能得多少分。思維拓展：add toaddtoadd up toadd that 看看還有哪些跟 add相關(guān)的詞組增加加;往里添加總計(jì)；加起來(lái)等于 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)小試牛刀: The bad weather.壞天氣添加了我們的困難。 Pleaseto the milk.請(qǐng)往牛奶里加

11、些糖。 It 'no rmal that a famous sp orts p layer 'cars 正常的。five. 一個(gè)著名運(yùn)動(dòng)員總計(jì)有5輛車是很vt.使不安；使心煩2. up set adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的;be up set about/at 意為"為/對(duì)而感到不安” Your friend comes to school very upset.你的朋友來(lái)上學(xué)時(shí)心情很不好。 There 'no poi nt gett ing upset about it.犯不著為這件事煩惱。 This decisi on is likely to up

12、 set a lot of peo pie. 這項(xiàng)決定很可能會(huì)使很多人不快。小試牛刀： He _ Don '特別提醒:not bei ng in vited to the party.沒有邀請(qǐng)他去聚會(huì)，他很不高興it. Let ' forget it.你別為這事心煩了，忘了它吧。up set用作形容詞時(shí)，不能置于名詞前作定語(yǔ)。 up set作動(dòng)詞時(shí)其主語(yǔ)是令他人不安的因素。3. ignore vt.不理睬；忽視 You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend dow n.你會(huì)顧不上課鈴，去一

13、個(gè)安靜的地方，使你的朋友安靜下來(lái)。ignorant adj.無(wú)知的；沒有學(xué)識(shí)的；ign ora nee n.無(wú)知；（對(duì)某事）缺乏認(rèn)識(shí) He was drivi ng very fast because he was ignorant of the speed limit. 他的車開得很快，因?yàn)樗恢酪?速。小試牛刀：and goes on the smoking.他不顧醫(yī)生的忠告而繼續(xù)吸煙。 It is a question that can not.這是一個(gè)不容忽視的問(wèn)題。 His failure resulted from.他的失敗起因于他的無(wú)知。4. calm vt. & v

14、i.（使）平靜；（使）鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)定的；沉著的 No one expected that he was so calm when told the bad news.大家沒有料到當(dāng)被告知這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，他如此平靜。 Calm yourself. You should n ot be so excited.請(qǐng)鎮(zhèn)靜，你不該這么激動(dòng)。思維拓展：看看還有哪些跟calm相關(guān)的詞組 Hecalm ()down（使）平靜下來(lái)；（使）鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)rema in/kee p calm保持冷靜 I told myself to calm down. 我告誡自己要冷靜下來(lái)。 Keep calm and try

15、not to panic. 沉住氣，另驚慌。 潛心辨析：calm/quiet/still/sile ntcalm主要是用于指氣候、海洋等風(fēng)平浪靜的。也可指人，表示安靜的鎮(zhèn)靜的。 quiet指沒有吵鬧聲的、沒有噪音的。它強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音很小、很低或全無(wú)聲音。 still可以指環(huán)境的安靜，也可以指姿勢(shì)保持一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。silent強(qiáng)調(diào)不發(fā)表意見，也可指“寂靜”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有聲音或沉默不語(yǔ)。小試牛刀： Kee Pwhile I tie your shoe. One must kee pin time of dan ger. Bewhe n you are at the con cert. I wonder why

16、it ' so.5. concern vt.涉及；關(guān)系到；參與；使擔(dān)心；使操心；n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系你會(huì)告 You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他/她，下課后你們會(huì)見面交談。 The matter concerns the interests of the people. 這件事關(guān)系至U人民的禾U益。 It' no concern of mine.這事與我無(wú)關(guān)。思維拓展：

17、concern on eself with/i n從事，參與，干涉as/so far asbe concerned就|而言feel/show concern about/for 擔(dān)心/關(guān)心/掛念be concerned with與有關(guān)的be concerned about/for關(guān)心a great deal ofthe matter. 他與此事有牽連。6. go through經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)過(guò)；穿過(guò)；遭受；忍受；獲得通過(guò)；詳細(xì)檢查，查找；完成 Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not un dersta n

18、d what you are going through? 或者你是不是擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，或會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？SheHeher son ' ill ness.她非常擔(dān)心兒子的病。 May/Might I go through this gate? 我可以通過(guò)這道門嗎？ You will go through tough times. 艱難的時(shí)候總會(huì)過(guò)去。 Let 'go through the plan aga in.讓我們?cè)僮屑?xì)地討論這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃吧。思維拓展：看看還有哪些跟go相關(guān)的詞組小試牛刀:go through with sth.go aga instgo byg

19、o overgo aheadgo along完成某事違背過(guò)去；逝世復(fù)習(xí)，檢查一遍 向前；進(jìn)行 進(jìn)展；相處 Some of the stude ntshardsh ips before they en tered the uni versity.有些大學(xué)生在進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前體驗(yàn)過(guò)艱苦的生活。all my p ockets looki ng for my keys.我翻遍了所有的口袋找鑰匙。7. set down=put/write/take down 記下； 放下； 登記 You don 'have to set down all that our teacher said.你不必把老師講的

20、都記下來(lái)。 How shall I set myself down in the hotel register?在旅館的登記簿上，我應(yīng)如何登記自己的身份呢？思維拓展：看看還有哪些跟set相關(guān)的詞組set free釋放某人set about (do ing) sth.著手做某事set off動(dòng)身(for)；引爆set out出發(fā)；著手干(to do sth.)；陳述set up豎起；創(chuàng)設(shè)；開辦小試牛刀:Shethe report after breakfast and han ded it in at noon.小試牛刀:她早飯后著手寫報(bào)告并且中午就上交了。 If you went to cat

21、ch that train, we ' betterfor the station immediately.你要是想趕上那班火車，咱們就最好馬上動(dòng)身去火車站。8. a series of 一連串的； 一系歹U; 套 Have you seen a series of books like this?你讀過(guò)這系列的書嗎？ Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.接著是一連串的雨天，把我們的假期弄得一團(tuán)糟。 特別提醒：series的單數(shù)形式和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。當(dāng)表“一套”的單數(shù)意思時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；表“一套或多套”的

22、復(fù)數(shù)意思時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。_ .關(guān)于他的一系列電影已經(jīng)問(wèn)世了。 to the stude nts.給學(xué)生們發(fā)了三套試題。小試牛刀: A series of films about him Three series of papers9. on purpose 故意地； 有意地 For exa mple, one evening whe n it was so warm, I stayed awake on purp ose un til half p ast eleve n in order tohave a good look at the moon by myself.比如，有天晚上天

23、氣很暖和，我熬到一點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。 I come to the hospital on purpose to see you.我特地來(lái)醫(yī)院看你。思維拓展：看看還有哪些跟purpose相關(guān)的詞組with the purp ose of=for the purpose of目的是By cha nce/by accide nt偶然小試牛刀： I didn 'do it-it was an accident.我不是故意做這件事的，這是一次意外。 He went to the USAfurther study. 為了深造，他去了美國(guó)。10. in order to目的是，

24、以便，為了 In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work. 為了趕火車，她匆匆做完了她的作業(yè)。 In order to be heard by all the stude nts, the teacher sp oke in a loud voice. 老師大聲講以便全體同學(xué)都能聽到。In order to表示目的，它與 so as to在用法上有何異同?思維點(diǎn)激：小試牛刀: He bought this p rese ntgive his son a surp rise. He got up earlythe early

25、bus.11. face to face面對(duì)面地；面對(duì)著（相當(dāng)于副詞，在句中做狀語(yǔ)） His ambiti on was to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 他心里向往的是要面對(duì)面地見到他最喜歡的歌heart to heart坦誠(chéng)地shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地back to back背對(duì)背地hand in hand手拉手地arm in arm臂挽臂地one by one一個(gè)一個(gè)地side by side并排地，并肩地ste p by ste p逐步地星。思維拓展:類似結(jié)構(gòu)的詞組思維點(diǎn)激:觀察下面的例句，你發(fā)現(xiàn)了face t

26、o face和face-to-face在用法上的區(qū)別嗎？小試牛刀： You ' betterThey had a won derful p arty last ni ght. First, they danced face to face and the n they had a face-to-face talk, laugh ing merrily.with each other, I thi nk.我認(rèn)為你們最好彼此坦誠(chéng)地談?wù)劇?To lear n En glish, one should go. 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)要一步一步來(lái)。!1.難句剖析. 1. While walking the

27、dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.在遛狗的時(shí)候，你不小心松 了手，結(jié)果被一輛汽車撞了。句中 while walking the dog=while you were walking the dog. 本句中 while 后面省略了主語(yǔ) you 禾R be動(dòng)詞 were.be動(dòng)詞或?yàn)閕t is(was)形式,while或者when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致且謂語(yǔ)含有 可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。 While readi ng the book, he no dded from time t

28、o time. 閱讀這本書時(shí)，他不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。思維拓展： 在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，若從句的主語(yǔ)和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致且 謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞，也可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。 I won 'go to her party, even if (I m) invited. 即使受到邀請(qǐng)我也不去參加她的聚會(huì)。 Once see n, it'll never be forgotte n. 旦見到，它將難以被忘記。小試牛刀： He fell aslee p while(=while he was doing) his homework. 他做作業(yè)時(shí)睡著了。 , I tlcome tomorrow. 必要

29、的話，明天我就來(lái)。2. I wonder if it ' because I haven'tbeen able to be outdoors for so long that I Ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有 關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。1)本句是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句。主句中包含if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中的it'that是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào) because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，在It is/was + because從句+ that結(jié)構(gòu)

30、中，because不能換用since或as。Why was he punished by his teacher?他為什么受到老師的懲罰？It was because he cheated in the exam.那是因?yàn)樗诳荚嚂r(shí)作弊了。that也可以2）強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可對(duì)句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是人，后面的 用who代替，可譯為“正是”。 It was yesterday that I met Ann in the street.我是昨天在街上遇見安的。 Was it you that/who let out the secret to her? 是你把這個(gè)秘密泄露給

31、她的嗎？ 歸納總結(jié)：It is/wasthat中，is和was由后面的句子時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定。除強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞可用who/whom之外，其余一律用that.強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句式為：Is/Was itthat?強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊疑問(wèn)句式為：Wh- is/was it that?判斷一個(gè)句子是不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法：把句中的it is/was和that去掉，看句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，若完整就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，否則就不是。小試牛刀： It is he whoItItgoing to sp eak at the school meeti ng.in the street that I met my old f

32、riend yesterday.they lau nched She nzhou VII?他們?yōu)槭裁窗l(fā)射了"神州七號(hào)”？the Olympic Games was held successfully in Beiji ng 。in 20083.it was the first time in a year and a half that I ' seen the night face to face這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚 It （This,That） is/was +序數(shù)詞+time that 這是/那是某人第一（二、三）次做某事That引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾the fi

33、rst time可以省略，從句中的時(shí)態(tài)常用完成時(shí)。如果系動(dòng)詞是is則用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果是 was，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。小試牛刀： It is the first time that I It was the sec ond time that Isuch a big watermelon.這是我第一次見這么大的西瓜。to Europe .那是我第二次去歐洲。思維拓展:It 'time that sb. did/should do sth.某人該做某事了。一般情況下should不省略。It 'time for sb. to do sth.到了某人該做某事的時(shí)候了。the first

34、time第一次，用作連詞，后接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。for the first time第一次，介詞短語(yǔ)用作狀語(yǔ)，可單獨(dú)使用。小試牛刀:the Olympic Games in 2012, 2012 年該倫敦舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)了。=lt 'time that London When I saw himthe Olym pic Games in 2012.,I thought him very hon est.當(dāng)我第一次見到他時(shí)，我就認(rèn)為他很誠(chéng)實(shí)。成果展示課后自主反思與測(cè)評(píng)課后自主反思同學(xué)們，經(jīng)過(guò)了課前自主預(yù)習(xí)和課堂自主學(xué)習(xí)之后，相信你一定有了一些收獲吧，是掌握了必須學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)？或是掌握了一些學(xué)習(xí)上的

35、技巧與方法？或者還有什么有待改進(jìn)的地方？在下面動(dòng)筆寫寫吧，善 于總結(jié)的學(xué)生才是會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生！這一階段我學(xué)會(huì)了這樣一些語(yǔ)言知識(shí):單詞和詞組：語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):這一階段我突破了這樣一些重難點(diǎn):這一階段我覺得還需要提咼的是:Learning about language課前自主預(yù)習(xí)方案 認(rèn)真閱讀教材，花十分鐘完成下列練習(xí)1. 重點(diǎn)單詞2.3.4._(v.)安家；安居；解決 (v.)遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷 (n.)自然(adj.)(v.)躲藏(過(guò)去式).5.(vi.& vt.)痊愈；2.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)恢復(fù)；重新獲得(n.)(n.)( adv.)(過(guò)去分詞)(n.)2. take no no tice擔(dān)憂；擔(dān)心不注意

36、遭受從中恢復(fù)，康復(fù)打包1. be worried3. suffer4. recover5. P ack (sth.)3. 語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(將下列句子由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，由間接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹苯右Z(yǔ))1. Do you like listening to pop music? ” he asked us.2. “'m going to hide from the Germa ns. ” said Anne.3. Mary asked her mother what she should do.4. How can you see your friends? ” Anne said to her

37、sister.課堂自主學(xué)習(xí)方案 I L要點(diǎn)探究. 1. She found it difficult to settle and 她發(fā)現(xiàn)很難安定下來(lái)She作主語(yǔ)；found為謂語(yǔ)；it作形式賓語(yǔ)，difficult作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；to settle動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的賓語(yǔ)。find it + 賓補(bǔ) + to doI find it difficult to talk with you about anything serious.我覺得很難同你談任何嚴(yán)肅的事。I thi nk it n ecessary to tell them all about the matter.我認(rèn)為有必要把事情的全部告

38、訴他們。settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.（使）定居；安排；解決settle down安居/安定下來(lái)He settled in the country after he returned from abroad. 從國(guó)外回來(lái)后他在鄉(xiāng)下定居。2. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.她遭受孤獨(dú)的折磨，但是她得學(xué)會(huì)喜歡呆在那里。suffer vt. 遭受； 忍受； 經(jīng)歷，后面常接pain, defeat, loss, poverty, hunger 等名詞。vi.受痛苦，患病。常用 suf

39、fer from結(jié)構(gòu)。 Iraq suffered serious damage from the war.伊拉克因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而遭受了嚴(yán)重的破壞。 He is suffering from cancer. 他患上了癌癥。小試牛刀： The young mana bad cold the other day and was sent to hospital.前幾天，那個(gè)年輕人患上了重感冒被送往了醫(yī)院。 In order to send me to college, my parents.為了送我去上大學(xué)，我的父母親受了很多苦。from連用。3. How can Linda recover from h

40、er illness in this room?琳達(dá)在這個(gè)房間里怎么能夠從病中康復(fù)呢recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得，常與介詞 She has covered her health.她已恢復(fù)了健康。 I think he will recover from his bad cold soon.我想不久他的重感冒會(huì)好的。 Jane recovered her lost wallet.簡(jiǎn)找到了丟失的錢包。4. "I ve got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty window

41、s ” Anne said to her father.安妮對(duì)爸爸說(shuō)：“我已經(jīng)厭倦了透過(guò)臟兮兮的窗簾和沾滿灰塵的窗子觀看大自然了”get tired of意為“厭倦，厭煩”；有時(shí)我們也可以用be tired of,同義詞有：be sick of; be bored of; be fed upwith. I'm tired of his silly questions.我已經(jīng)厭倦了他那些愚蠢的問(wèn)題。 I got tired of so much reading.我厭倦了如此大量的閱讀。潛心辨析：get/be tired from/with 意為“因(做)而勞累” ;be tired ou

42、t 疲勞，疲倦” You must be tired from such a long walk. Sit dow n and have a rest. 走了這么 長(zhǎng)的路你一定累了，坐下來(lái)歇歇吧。 The farmer was tired out after doing the heavy work. 干完那些重活后，那位農(nóng)民累得筋疲力盡了。We小試牛刀:having the same kind of food every day.天天吃同樣的食物， 我們都吃膩了。 She was tired不厭煩教學(xué)。teachi ng, but she was n ever tiredteach in g

43、.她教課累了，但是她絕I was completelyafter all that.作了那么多事以后，我感到筋疲力盡5. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly, 我需要很快把衣箱里的東西打包 pack up將（東西）裝箱打包 I packed up all my books into boxes.我把所有的書都裝進(jìn)了箱子。 Please help me pack up my things.請(qǐng)幫我把東西裝箱打包。I丄語(yǔ)法突破一一 一一直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引用別人的話叫直接引語(yǔ)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語(yǔ)。這兩種引

44、語(yǔ)都是賓語(yǔ)從句，但直接引語(yǔ)放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，不用連詞連接；間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)，通常用連詞連接主語(yǔ)。一、陳述句直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略），從句的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等都要作相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)需要注意一下幾點(diǎn):1.人稱的變化 He said, I like it very much. ”他說(shuō)：“我非常喜歡它?！盚e said that he liked it very much.他說(shuō)他非常喜歡它。(2) He said to me, I've left my book in your r

45、oom. ”他說(shuō)對(duì)我說(shuō)：“我把書放在你的房間里了?！盚e told me that he had left his book in my room.他告訴我把書放在我的房間里了?？偨Y(jié)：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)后，人稱要做相應(yīng)的變化。2.時(shí)態(tài)的變化:"I don 'want to set down a series of facts in a diary, ” said Anne. 安妮說(shuō)：“我不想在日記里記流水帳?！盇nne said that she didn 'want to set down a series of facts in a diary. 安妮說(shuō)她不想在日

46、記里記流水帳。He said, “ I using the knife. ”他說(shuō)：“我正在用刀?！盚e said that he was using the knife.She said, “have n ot heard from him si nee May. ”她說(shuō)：我自從五月份起就沒有收到他的來(lái)信?！彼f(shuō)他正在用刀。She said that she had not heard from him since May.她說(shuō)她自從五月份起就沒有收到他的來(lái)信。He said, “saw her in the street.”他說(shuō)：“我在街上看見過(guò)她了?！盚e said that he had

47、 seen her in the street.他說(shuō)他在街上看見過(guò)她了。(5) He said, have finished my homework before supper. ”他說(shuō)：“我在午飯前已經(jīng)完成了我的家庭作業(yè)?！盚e said that he had fini shed his homework before supper.他說(shuō)他在午飯前已經(jīng)完成了他的家庭作業(yè)。(6) Zhou Lan said, “II do it after class. ”周蘭說(shuō)：“我會(huì)課后完成它。”Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周蘭說(shuō)她會(huì)在課

48、后完成它?？偨Y(jié)：直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)變化對(duì)照一覽表直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)3.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化She said: “ will come this morning. ”她說(shuō)：“我上午會(huì)來(lái)?！盨he said that she would go that morning.He said, these books are mine.”她說(shuō)她上午會(huì)來(lái)。他說(shuō)：“這些書是我的。He said that those books were his.他說(shuō)這些書是他的。He

49、said, “ it is nine o 'lock now. ”他說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在9點(diǎn)了。”He said that it was nine o 'lock then.他說(shuō)那會(huì)兒9點(diǎn)了。He said, “ Mysister was here three days ago.”他說(shuō)：“我妹妹三天前在這里?！盚e said that his sister had bee n there three days before.他說(shuō)他妹妹三天前曾在這里。He said, “ haven'tseen her today”He said that he had n'tsee n

50、her that day.She said, “Ient there yesterday.”他說(shuō)：“我今天還沒有見過(guò)她。他說(shuō)他那天沒有見過(guò)她。她說(shuō)：“我昨天在那里。”She said that she had gone there the day before她說(shuō)她昨天去過(guò)那里。She said, “I 'o l there tomorrow. ”她說(shuō)：“我明天會(huì)去那里。(8)She said that she would go there the n ext/followi ng day.她說(shuō)她明天會(huì)去那里He said, “ Theyvill arrive the day afte

51、r tomorrow. ”他說(shuō)：“他們后天到那里。”He said that they would arrive in two days 'ime.他說(shuō)他們兩天后到那里。She said, “came here to seen the doctor the day before yesterday.”她說(shuō)：“我前天到這里看醫(yī)生?！盨he said she had gone there to see the doctor two days before.她說(shuō)她兩天前到這里看醫(yī)生。(9)1626時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化一覽表直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowthe ntodaythat

52、daythis week/ mon th/yearthat week/ mon th/yearlast week/ mon th/yearthe week/m on th/year beforetomorrowthe n ext/follow ing daynext week/m on th/yearthe n ext week/m on th/year地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comego注意: 直接引語(yǔ)如果是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound. ”He said that light t

53、ravels much faster than sound ” 如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there，動(dòng)詞come不必改為go,如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday, tomorrow 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變.二、疑問(wèn)句 一般疑問(wèn)句(1) Do you think a diary can become your friend? ” the writer says.作者問(wèn)：“你認(rèn)為日記能成為你的朋友嗎？”The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.作者問(wèn)我們是否認(rèn)為日記能成為我們的朋友 She said, “ di(

54、you see him last night? ” 她問(wèn)：“你昨天晚上看到他了嗎？”She asked me whether I had see n him the ni ght before.她問(wèn)我前一天是否看到他了?？偨Y(jié)：將一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，首先要用whether/if連接，而且要把原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)句變成陳述句語(yǔ)序的賓語(yǔ)從句；其次，人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和狀語(yǔ)的變化與陳述句直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ) 的方法相同。特殊疑問(wèn)句(1) What do you want? " he asked me.He asked me what I wan ted.“你想要什么？ ”他問(wèn)我。 他問(wèn)我想要什么。(2) When did you go to bed last night? ” father said to Anne.爸爸問(wèn)安妮：“你昨晚什么時(shí)間睡的覺？”Father asked Anne whe n she went to bed the ni ght before爸爸問(wèn)安妮她頭天晚上什么時(shí)間睡的覺。總結(jié)：把一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，首先要用疑問(wèn)詞連接引語(yǔ)，而且要把原來(lái)的疑 問(wèn)句變成陳述句語(yǔ)