北外英語(yǔ)翻譯資格證書考試試題

1、北外英語(yǔ)翻譯資格證書考試試題一 初級(jí)筆譯考試時(shí)間： 180 分鐘Part 1Translation from English into Chinese 1 hour 30 minutesRead the following two passages.Translate them into Chinese.Write you answers on this paper.You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy your answers onto this paper.Passage 1Head in

2、juriesAlice was a B-plus student through her first three years at college. During the winter holidays in her senior year, while she was driving during a storm, her car ran off the road and hit a tree. Alice banged her head on the steering wheel but never lost consciousness. She was treated for bruis

3、es and discharged from the hospital within a day.But, back at her studies, she began to have difficulties. Suddenly her As and Bs were becoming Cs. She had trouble remembering what she 'rdead and was irritable and easily distracted.Alice was referred to a neuropsychologist for further examinatio

4、n. Although her IQ hadn ' t changed and standard neurological tests were normal, detailed neuropsychological tests showed she was having memory problems. She could still process new information, but it took longer than before and she becameif she tried to do too much at once.Head injuries are of

5、ten fatal, or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalization of victims. But there is a large group of people who sustain head injuries which can go undetected through ordinary medical examination. These are the people who seemingly recover from their injuries but still suffer subtle intellec

6、tual and behavioural effects that may seriously impair their ability to work and interact normally with other people. They are the victims of what experts call a “ silent epidemic consciousness and others never even suffered a direct blow to the head, yet brain damage occurred.Passage 2My fight agai

7、nst junk e-mailFiltering junk e-mail can be a tricky game of cat and mouse, as I learned when I set out to purge my In Box.I received an e-mail the other day that gave me a moment' s pause. “ Heyare you? It began.“ I ' m so sorry about last night, click here for a SUPRIXE to myou feel better

8、. I was suspicious for three reasons: my girlfriend never misspells likethat, we had not had a row the previous night, and I was pretty sure she had not suddenly acquired an Australian e-mail address. At least one part of the message was accurate: if she ever pointed me to a website as sexy as that

9、one, I'indeed.The cutie incident represented a setback in my war against junk e-mail. I used to get hundreds of these things a day, and some months ago, I vowed to rid my In Box permanently of every last one. What I soon learned was that most e-mail software can' t eradicatehet junk without

10、throwing babies with the bath water.Microsoft outlook, for example, can trash any mail not sent directly to your address. But that ends up junking a lot of useful stuff such as discussions on my journalism, school alumni e-mail list. AOL can turn away mail from anyone not flagged as a friend, but pa

11、rt of my job is to accept correspondence from strangers-like you, dear reader.Part 2Translation from Chinese into English 1 hour 30 minutesRead the following two passages.Translate them into Chinese.Write you answers on this paper.You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy

12、 your answers onto this paper.Passage 1我為乘客效勞 有一次，在擁擠的車廂門口，我聽見一位男乘客客客氣氣地問(wèn)他前面的一個(gè) 女乘客： 您下車嗎？ 女乘客沒理他。 你下車嗎？ 他又問(wèn)了一遍。女乘客還是 沒理他。 下車嗎？ 他耐不住了，放大聲問(wèn)。那女乘客依然沒反響。 你是聾子， 還是啞巴？ 他急了，捅了一下那位女乘客。女乘客這時(shí)也急了，瞪起一雙眼睛， 回手給了男乘客一拳。見此情景，我猛然想起在 60 路沿線上有家福利工廠，女乘客可能就是個(gè)聾啞 人，聽不見聲音。我趕忙向男乘客作了解釋，又用紙條寫了一句話，舉到女乘客 的眼前： 對(duì)不起！他要下車。他問(wèn)您好幾聲，您是不

13、是沒聽見？ 女乘客點(diǎn)了點(diǎn) 頭，把道讓開了。從此以后，我就特別注意聾啞人的特征，還從他們那里學(xué)會(huì)了一些常見的手 語(yǔ)。這樣，不僅我能更好地為他們效勞，與他們進(jìn)行感情交流，也減少了一些他 們與其他乘客的誤會(huì)和糾紛。Passage 2知識(shí)創(chuàng)新中國(guó)是開展中國(guó)家，在掌握、應(yīng)用科學(xué)技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代知識(shí)方面雖有很大進(jìn)步， 但是與興旺國(guó)家相比， 還是有明顯的差距。 為此， 中國(guó)確定了 科教興國(guó) 的戰(zhàn)略， 正在加快科技進(jìn)步和知識(shí)更新的步伐，以便盡快縮小與興旺國(guó)家的差距。知識(shí)的 生命力在于創(chuàng)新，只有不斷地創(chuàng)造出新的知識(shí)和技術(shù)，才能觸發(fā)新的產(chǎn)業(yè)革命， 才能推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的快速開展。在新的世紀(jì)里，人才、文化、教育、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)

14、管理等因素在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)開展中的作用日趨重要。只有在理論、科技方面不斷進(jìn) 行改革創(chuàng)新，不斷有新的創(chuàng)造和突破，才能為經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)開展注入新的生機(jī)和活 力，才能有效地挖掘、組合、利用人力資源和自然資源，從而創(chuàng)造較多的物質(zhì)財(cái) 富和精神財(cái)富，造福于人類社會(huì)。二初級(jí)口譯考試時(shí)間： 30 分鐘第一局部：對(duì)話/ 表示停頓 David : What ' s on today, Xiao Wang?/Xiao Wang: 今天我們?nèi)ラL(zhǎng)城，并在那里午餐，下午回來(lái)的路上還要去看看十 三陵。 / 你一定聽說(shuō)過(guò)長(zhǎng)城，來(lái)到北京，長(zhǎng)城是一定要去的。 / 十三陵是明朝 13 個(gè)皇帝和皇后的墳?zāi)?，?15 世紀(jì)建造的，雖然

15、沒有長(zhǎng)城有名，但也很值得一看。 /David: I ' ve read about the renowned Chinese wall. It is one of the Seven Wonders of the World, I believe. It is said to be the only man-made project on earth which is visible from a satellite. /Xiao Wang: 我們中國(guó)人叫它 萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城 ，實(shí)際上全長(zhǎng) 6000 多公里， 最初建于 近 2500 年前的戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期。 / 當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)還不是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家，而是分為

16、 7 國(guó)。 北方的幾個(gè)國(guó)家修建城墻用來(lái)防御來(lái)自北方的侵犯。 / 公元前 221 年秦始皇統(tǒng)一 中國(guó)后將各段長(zhǎng)城連接起來(lái)并加以延長(zhǎng)。據(jù)歷史記載大約有100 萬(wàn)人參加過(guò)這一長(zhǎng)達(dá)十多年的工程。David: Was the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty the one in whose tomb were discovered the terra-cotta warriors? /Xiao Wang: 是的。除了修建長(zhǎng)城以外，他也作過(guò)不少事情。雖然他的王朝是 短命的，但他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史的影響卻是巨大的。David: Imagine it was more than 2,

17、000 years ago when there was no machinery and everything had to be done by bare hands. / Yet they managed to build a wall like this and the terra-cotta warriors, which, as many people say, have become the eighth wonder of the world. /Xiao Wang: 今天我們?nèi)サ哪嵌伍L(zhǎng)城叫八達(dá)嶺， 這是保衛(wèi)北京的一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略要地， 離北京約 75 公里?，F(xiàn)在有了高速公路，不到兩個(gè)

18、小時(shí)就到了。 / 關(guān)于長(zhǎng)城你假設(shè) 有什么問(wèn)題的話，不管是在路上還是到了那里隨時(shí)都可以問(wèn)我。 /David: Thank you for your briefing. I' m sure our visit to the Great Wall willme a better understanding of Chinese history and the wisdom of the Chinese people./ 第二局部：英譯中Now I ' d like to move on to three possible policies, which could be develo

19、ped tostem this kind of uncontrolled urbanization in developing countries./The first one would be to promote a more equal land distribution. In this way, farmers would be more motivated to stay on the land. They would be able to workmore land, and thus be able to feed their families more adequately.

20、 /The second policy would be to improve the supply of social services in the rural areas, particularly in the field of health and education./ country people often move to the city because they feel that these services are better in the city areas, and if they could compare the services and feel that

21、 there was perhaps not much difference between the two, it would be another reason for not moving./A third possible policy would be to give financial assistance to agriculture, especially to the small landowners./ Now obviously the problem of uncontrolled urbanization and the consequences, which are

22、 not favorable, is a difficult problem to which there is no easy solution, but these three types of policies could help to reduce the problem, which is felt in particular in developing countries./第三局部：中譯英布朗先生，女士們、先生們： / 現(xiàn)在我愿意為我們的貴賓，美國(guó)強(qiáng)生進(jìn)出口公司經(jīng)理布朗先生祝酒。 / 孔夫子說(shuō)過(guò)， 有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)，不亦樂乎。 這次布朗先生從大洋此岸不遠(yuǎn)千 里光臨我們公司，我非常快

23、樂。 / 在過(guò)去幾年里我們兩家公司已經(jīng)建立了卓有成 效的合作關(guān)系。我相信通過(guò)布朗先生的這次訪問(wèn)，我們的合作還會(huì)加強(qiáng)。 /現(xiàn)在中國(guó)剛剛?cè)胧?，必將進(jìn)一步對(duì)外開放。這給我們兩家公司都帶來(lái)了極了 的時(shí)機(jī)。因此，我深信在未來(lái)的歲月里我們雙方都會(huì)取得極大的成功。 /最后，我建議：為我們雙方的合作干杯， 為布朗先生的健康，為在座的先生女士們的健康， 干杯！ /三中級(jí)筆譯 考試時(shí)間： 240 分鐘Part 1Translation from English into Chinese 2 hoursRead the following two passages.Translate them into Chine

24、se.Write you answers on this paper.You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy your answers onto this paper.Passage 1Artificial speechBecause speech is the most convenient form of communication, in the future we want essentially natural conversations with computers. The pri

25、mary point of contact will be a simple device that will act as our window on the world. You will simply talk to it. The device will be permanently connected to the internet and will beep relevant information up to you as it comes in.Just how quickly people will adapt to a voice-based internet world

26、is uncertain. Many believe that, initially at least, we will need similar conventions for the voice to those we use at present on screen: click, back, forward, and so on. But soon you will undoubtedly be able to interact by voice with all those IT-based services you currently connect with over the I

27、nternet by means of a keyboard. This will help the Internet serve the entire population, not just techno-freaks.Changes like this will encompass the whole world. Because English is the language of science, it will probably remain the language in which the technology is most advanced, but most speech

28、-recognition techniques are transferable to other languages provided there is sufficient motivation to undertake the work.Within ten years we will have computers that respond to goal-directed conversations, but for a computer to have a conversation that takes into account human social behaviour is p

29、robably 50 years off. We' renot going to be chatting to the big screen in the living room just yet.There are those in the IT community who believe that current techniques will eventually hit a brick wall. Personally, I believe that incremental developments in performance are more likely. But it

30、'trsue that by about 2040 or so, computer architectures will need to become highly parallel if performance is to keep increasing. Perhaps that will inspire some radically new approaches to speech understanding that will supplant the metho ds we 're developing now.Small vendors engage in simp

31、le spot-market transactions, with buyers and sellers dealing face to face to trade fairly standard products whose quality is easy to verify. Lange multinational firms exchange more differentiated products, face greater difficulties in verifying quality, and must span greater separations in time and

32、space between one part of the transaction and the other. Most economies have both types of markets. But the first is relatively more common in developing countries, the second in industrial economies.Developed markets- more global, more inclusive, and more integrated-offer more opportunity and choic

33、e. Underdeveloped markets, more likely in poor countries, tend to be more local and segmented. So, compared with farmers in Canada, poor farmers in Bangladesh have fewer opportunities and far fewer formal institutions (such as banks and formal courts ) to reduce their risks and increase their opport

34、unities.What limits market opportunities? The transaction costs stemming from inadequate information and incomplete definition and enforcement of property rights. And barriers to entry for new participants. What increases them? Institutions that raise the returns from market exchange, reduce risk, a

35、nd increase efficiency.Yet not all institutions promote inclusive markets. Institutional designs that evolve through historical circumstances or are directed by policy makers are not necessarily the best for all of society or for economic growth and poverty reduction. For instance, state agricultura

36、l marketing boards, instead of helping farmers, have often resulted in lower incomes for them in Africa. And institutions that once supported market transactions can outlive their usefulness, for example, privatization agencies and bank restructuring agencies. The challenge for policymakers is to sh

37、ape institutional development in ways that enhance economic development.Part 2Translation from Chinese into English 2 hoursRead the following two passages.Translate them into Chinese.Write you answers on this paper.You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy your answers on

38、to this paper.Passage 1保姆校長(zhǎng) 常常聽到一些大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)： 我把學(xué)生當(dāng)自己的兒女看待。 他也真做得像個(gè)嚴(yán)父慈母：規(guī)定學(xué)生睡眠要足內(nèi)行走，等等。8 小時(shí)，清晨 6 點(diǎn)必須起床做操，不許穿拖鞋在校我一直以為大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)是高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚、指導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)與教育大方向的決策人，而不是 管饅頭稀飯的保姆。教育者或許會(huì)說(shuō)： 這些學(xué)生如果進(jìn)大學(xué)以前，就已經(jīng)學(xué)好 自治自律的話，我就不必如此喂之哺之；就是因?yàn)楦捉逃龥]教好，所以我辦大 學(xué)的人不得不教。 聽起來(lái)有理，可是學(xué)生之所以在小學(xué)、中學(xué) 12 年間沒有學(xué)會(huì)自治自律，就是 因?yàn)樗麄円恢苯邮芪共甘降妮o導(dǎo)，大學(xué)再來(lái)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 育嬰 ，這豈不是一個(gè)沒完 沒了的惡

39、性循環(huán)？我們對(duì)大學(xué)教育的期許是什么？教出一個(gè)言聽計(jì)從、循規(guī)蹈矩 的學(xué)生，還是教出一個(gè)自己會(huì)看情況、做決定的學(xué)生？Passage 2開展問(wèn)題開展問(wèn)題一直是世界各國(guó)普遍關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。大局部開展中國(guó)家取得獨(dú)立后， 在開展民族經(jīng)濟(jì)、改變貧窮落后面貌、縮小同興旺國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距等方面，取得 了巨大成績(jī)。一些國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì) 起飛，甚至創(chuàng)造了 奇跡 。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是社會(huì) 開展的根底，但有增長(zhǎng)不一定有開展。為了防止 有增長(zhǎng)、無(wú)開展 的現(xiàn)象，世界 各國(guó)都把可持續(xù)開展作為國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)開展戰(zhàn)略的一種重要選擇，并深刻認(rèn)識(shí) 到，人類需要一個(gè)持續(xù)開展的途徑。這是人類開展觀的重大轉(zhuǎn)折，具有深遠(yuǎn)的歷 史意義。然而，在保持生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題

40、上，開展中國(guó)家存在的問(wèn)題較為嚴(yán)重。特別是， 一些開展中國(guó)家或沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到可持續(xù)開展的深刻內(nèi)涵，或認(rèn)識(shí)得很不深刻，采取 的不得力。因此，在今后制定新的經(jīng)濟(jì)開展戰(zhàn)略時(shí)，把可持續(xù)開展作為一個(gè)突出 的重要內(nèi)容，是大多數(shù)開展中國(guó)家面臨的迫切和艱巨的任務(wù)。四中級(jí)口譯考試時(shí)間： 30 分鐘Part 1 English into Chinese/ 表示停頓 International Cooperation Against Transnational Organized CrimeOrganized crime groups pose challenges as never before to societie

41、s everywhere. Whether involved in drug trafficking, money laundering, people smuggling or outright terrorism they operate in a sophisticated way without regard to national frontiers. The profits of crime are vast. The International Monetary Fund has stated that he aggregate size of money laundering

42、in the world could be somewhere between two and five per cent of the world' s gross domestic product.Putting a dollar figure on that, it is estimated that money laundering activity could now involve as much as 1.5 trillion US dollars a year, and it seems likely that half of that figure is attrib

43、utable to the proceeds of drug trafficking./Given that profits of this scale can be made, the temptations for people at all levels to get involved are manifest, and we must clearly understand and beak down the vicious cycle that exists between money laundering)and corruption: corruption has to be we

44、ll funded to, succeed in its object of corrupting public officials and others, and that is being achieved all too often by the use of illicit assets.The manner in which we respond to this problem is not only a test of our concern for a safer world, but a measure of our determination to create a dece

45、nt future for coning generations./In the wake of the events of 11 September 2001, a war against terrorism is being pursued on various fronts. This includes a direct assault on money laundering, which is now recognized, more so than ever before, as an insidious crime which is all pervasive. It threat

46、ens the stability of our societies. It undermines our financial institutions. It challenges our national security.As a transnational crime, money laundering can only be combated through close cooperation among national authorities efforts by states acting alone to attack the economic power of crimin

47、al groups will not succeed if other states do not take complementary action. In the absence of a coordinated and effective international framework, all too often non-participating countries offer criminals safe havens for laundering funds./And as patterns of crime develop and become mere sophisticated and profitable, we in law enforcement mus