基礎(chǔ)英語知識

1、初中英語（新課標(biāo)版）中考總復(fù)習(xí)沖刺材料 初中英語?新課標(biāo)版?中考復(fù)習(xí)?知識總結(jié)?重點(diǎn)提要?專題整合?課題專練?名師講解聲明：本復(fù)習(xí)材料適用于初三中考學(xué)生，知識點(diǎn)全面，內(nèi)含中考試題和分析講解，1個月即可速成，普遍提升英語成績可達(dá)30分以上，熟練掌握者，完全可以攻破中考英語關(guān)！特別聲明：版權(quán)所有，翻版必究！鳴謝：本資源部分參考至互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和其他書籍材料，特此提出感謝！【初中英語詞組總結(jié)】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比較級 and 比較

2、級） 表示越來越怎么樣 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 贊成某人 5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界 7 along with同一道，伴隨 eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 學(xué)生同老師們一起種樹 8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎么樣 9 as you can se

3、e 你是知道的 10 ask for 求助 向要（直接接想要的東西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在歲時 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of 的起初；的開始 15 at the end of +地點(diǎn)/+時間 最后；盡頭；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at t

4、his time of year 在每年的這個時候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表：1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 2 將來時 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能夠 eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能夠干什么 e

5、g :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼，害怕 eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允許做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應(yīng)該被允許看電視 23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with

6、(at) sb for doing sth 為什么而生某人的氣 25 be as原級as 和什么一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠(yuǎn)離 28 be away from 從離開 29 be bad for 對什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于 32 be carefu

7、l 當(dāng)心；小心 33 be different from 和什么不一樣 34 be famous for 以著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好 36 be from = come from 來自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 裝滿的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38

8、 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原） 將來時 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長, 善于 41 be good for 對什么有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高興做某事 43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處 Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處

9、 44 be in good health 身體健康 45 be in trouble 處于困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣 47 be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到 48 be like 像 eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的氣 50 be made from 由制成(制成以后看不見原材料) 51 be made of 由制成(制成以后還看得見原

10、材料) 52 be not sure 表不確定 . Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about?3. Lets do sth.4. Its time to do sth.5. Its time for 6. Wha

11、ts? It is/ Its7. Where is? Its.8. How old are you? Im.9. What class are you in? Im in.10. Welcome to.11. Whats plus? Its.12. I think13. Whos this? This is.14. What can you see？ I can see.15. There is (are) .16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyre)17. Whose is this? Its.18. What time is it? Its

12、.III. 交際用語1. Good morning, Miss/Mr.2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? Im fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! Youre welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. Whats your name? My name is .9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Whos on duty today

13、?11. Lets do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要語法1. 動詞be的用法；2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4. 冠詞的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法?！久麕熤v解】1. in/on 在表示空間位置時，in表示在某個空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如： There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有只鳥。 There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用來指在時間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事，thes

14、e是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： You look in this box and Ill look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子，我去看那邊的那個盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。 Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書拿到他房間去。 This is mine; thats yours. 這個是我的，那個是你的。 These are apples; those

15、are oranges. 這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對方。例如： This is Mary speaking. Whos that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰？3. There be/ haveThere be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點(diǎn)或時間的狀語。There be 后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語，be 動詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時用are。例如：(1) Ther

16、e is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個盒子里有個娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果?？傊琓here be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關(guān)系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個

17、兄弟，一個姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房間。4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作，表示有意識地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對方注意。，如：Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子們在玩電腦游戲。Look! Whats that over there? 看！那邊那個是什么？單獨(dú)使用是不及物動詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如：Hes looking at me。他正在看著我。(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，

18、著重的是look這個動作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如：What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。4. put on/ / in put on意為“

19、穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動作, 后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in 是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標(biāo)語和狀語。如：Its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。5. house/ home/familyhouse ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一個人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方; Family:

20、 “家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。He is not at home. 他不在家。My family all get up early. 我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)別在于： (1) fine指物時表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)"，形容人時表示的是"身體健康"，也 可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如：Yo

21、ur parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。That's a fine machine. 那是一臺很好的機(jī)器。It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時候。(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。It's very nice of you.

22、 你真好。(3)good形容人時指"品德好"，形容物時指"質(zhì)量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個好學(xué)生。The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。(4)well只可用來形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動詞之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好，謝謝。My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好?！究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：1

23、. 動詞be的用法；2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法；4. 冠詞的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。6. 本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型；7. 本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語?？荚囆问娇梢允菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子?！局锌挤独?. (2004年北京市中考試題) Mary, please show _ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。2. (2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題) _

24、orange on the desk is for you, Mike. A. A B.An C. / D. The【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因?yàn)槭翘刂刚n桌上的那個橘子，所以用定冠詞the。3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題) -What _ the number of the girls in your class? -About twenty. A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語，應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱，動詞be變?yōu)閕s。4. (2004年陜西省中考試題) There _ a f

25、ootball match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是There be句型和動詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個地方存在某個人或物”，不能和動詞have混在一起用。【滿分演練】一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. -What colour is the bike? -Its _ orange.A. an B. a C. / D. the2. That isnt her bag. Its _. A. my B. I C. mine D

26、. me3. -Oh, your kite is very nice. -_. A. Thats right B. No, its not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but she _ young. A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. Its time _ lunch. Lets go home. A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -_ is your coat? -The black one. A. What B. Where C. Which D. Ho

27、w7. -_ is the toy? -Its on the bed. A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put _ over there. A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you _ my watch, please? A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look _ the blackboard and listen _ the teacher. A. / / B. at; to C.

28、 after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this? -Its _. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Jim D. Jims12. The girl _ the purple coat is his sister. A. at B. in C. on D. with13. There is a bird _ the tree. A. in B. on C. to D. of14. There are many _ in our school. A. woman teachers B. woman teacher C. women teacher

29、 D. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk? -_. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, theres C. No, there isnt D. No, there is16. There _ some books and a pencil on the desk. A. am B. is C. are D. be17. -Let me help you. -_. A. Youre welcome B. Thanks very much C. Dont worry D. Yes, thanks18. _ old man i

30、s _ English teacher. A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a19. -What _ five plus six? -Its eleven. A. am B. is C. are D. /20. -What _ you see in the picture? -I can see some flowers. A. must B. can C. are D. do二. 完形填空 This is a picture of Kats _1_. What can we _2_ in the picture? Look _3_ it, plea

31、se. The man _4_ the black coat is Kates father, Mr. Green. The _5_ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They _6_ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kates _7_, Jim. _8_ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, hes _9_ brother, Mr. Read. He _10_ young, too.1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers2.

32、A. look B. do C. see D.put3. A. at B. after C. for D. up4. A. on B. of C. in D. to5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt8. A. Whats B. Wheres C. Whos D. How is9. A. his B. her C. our D. their10. A. looks B. am C. look D. ve

33、ry三. 在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語 (A) (B)1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.5. Whats two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.7. How old are you? G. Wang Pi

34、ng is.8. Whos not here? H. Its here.9. Where is the bag? I. Its a book.10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?四. 完成對話：在對話后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?Ann: Let me have a look._1_. I think its Sams. My dog is brown.Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind th

35、e tree._2_?Sam: Sorry, it isnt mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Marys.Jim: _3_?Sam: Shes my friend. Look! Shes over there. Lets go and ask her.Jim: _4_.Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?Mary: _5_.Sam: Its a lovely dog! Dont lose it!Mary: Yes, thank you.A. Whos MaryB. OK, lets go

36、C. Oh, no its not mineD. Oh, yes. Its mineE. Is it yours五. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. _ (He) pen is in _ (I) pencil-box.2. _ (You) shoes _ (be) under the bed.3. _ (Who) new ruler is this?4. -Are these trousers _ (you)? -No, they arent _ (we)5. Its time _ (go) and play games.6. This is my pen. Please give it to

37、_ (I).7. I have two _ (baby).8. Look! That is a _ (China) car.9. It is _ (my teacher) sweater.10. Now her _ ( parent) are in America.六. 閱讀理解 (A) Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the ma

38、nager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger broth

39、er, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。1. Bo

40、b was born in a small and rich family.2. He has two brothers and a sister.3. There are five people in his family.4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”. (B)Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There

41、 are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is

42、 white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see _

43、.A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are _.A. green B. black C. brown3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _.A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed4. How many beds are there in the room? _.A. only one B. three C. two5. Are there any t

44、hings on Lily's bed? _.A. Yes, there is a hat on itB. No, there is not anything on itC. Sorry, I don't know (C) It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are al

45、l their friends. They are going to the Great Wall. There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see i

46、t very much.1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall _. A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus2. There are _. A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car3. The driver is _. A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D.

47、an American4. The people _. A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall5. They _. A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well. C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much 初一年級（下）【知識梳理】 I. 重點(diǎn)短語1. a bottle of2. a little3. a

48、lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do ones homework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast 19. have lunch20. have supper21. listen to22. notat all23. putaway24. take off25. throw

49、it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factoryII. 重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about something to eat?6. How do you spell ?7. May I borrow?III. 交際用語1. Thanks ve

50、ry much!You're welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. What's wrong?4. I think so.I don't think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.9. What's your favourite sport?10. Don't worry.11.Im (not) g

51、ood at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. That's right./ Thats all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They dont have any CDs.16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?-Its Monday.17. -May I borrow your colour pen

52、s, please? -Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. What's your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)-No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumplings an

53、d vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00. IV. 重要語法1.人稱代詞的用法；2. 祈使句；3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成和用法；4動詞have的用法；5一般現(xiàn)在時構(gòu)成和用法；6可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】1.That's right./ Thats all right./ All right.Thats right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如："I think we must h