初中非謂語動詞句型

1、初中非謂語動詞句型歸納根據(jù)九年義務(wù)教育全日制初級中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱的要求,初中階段,只要求學(xué)生掌握非謂語動詞中的動詞不定式基本用法,但是,在中考中,非謂語動詞其它形式的固定結(jié)構(gòu)也是考查的重點(diǎn),為了幫助同學(xué)們系統(tǒng)掌握這一語法重點(diǎn),本文就初中英語非謂語動詞的句型及固定配搭歸納如下:一.動詞不定式1.主語+decide(hope,agree,choose,fail,wish,learn等+to do sth.例如:I hope to go to school next week.She agree to get someone to help her.2.主語+ask(tell,get,wish,li

2、ke,want,teach,know等+賓語+to do sth.例如:He asked me to come here early.She told us not to worry about her.3.主語+be +happy(glad,pleased,angry,sorry,careful,ready,nice,lucky,等+to do sth.例如:I'm glad to see you again.I'm sorry to hear that.4.主語+think(make,fine,feel等+it +形容詞(名詞+to do sth.例如:I found it

3、 very important to learn English well.I think it possible to finish the work this week.5.too+形容詞(副詞+(for sb.+to do sth.+形容詞(副詞enough+to do sth. 例如:The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is not old enough to go to school.=The boy is so young that he can't go to school.6.It's+careful(cl

4、ever,kind,good,right,wrong等+of sb.+to do sth.It's +difficult(easy,hard ,important,interesting等+for sb.+to do sth.例如:It's kind of you to help me.It's hard for you to learn English well.注意:這兩個(gè)句型的區(qū)別是,當(dāng)somebody與形容詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)用of;當(dāng)somebody與形容詞沒有這種關(guān)系時(shí)用for。7.It takes sb.some time+to do sth.這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中

5、,It是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:It took me about three hours to finish my homework yesterday.注意:表示“花費(fèi)”的類似句型還有,Sb.spends some time(money on sth.or(indoing sth.(某人做什么用了多少時(shí)間/某人買什么花了多少錢;Sth.costs sb.some money.(買什么花了某人多少錢;Sb.pays some money for sth.(某人買什么花了多少錢如:I spent an hours on(in doing my homework. The

6、 pen cost me two yuan. I paid two yuan for the pen.8.疑問詞+to do sth.例如:I don't know when to hold the party.How to do it is still a question.9.Why+(notdo sth.,Would (Willyou please (notdo sth.和had better (not do sth.例如:Why not go there by bike?Would you please take me to the park this Sunday?Y ou&

7、#39;d better not go there by youself.10.主語+feel(listen to/hear,let/make/have,see/watch/notice/look at/help+賓語+do sth.例如:He made us work for a long time yesterday.Who had you be so careless?注意:hear,see等感覺動詞常接doing sth.表示動作發(fā)生過程或強(qiáng)調(diào)和謂語動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如: He saw Tom sitting on some eggs when he went into the room.

8、I heard her singing a song when I passed her room.11.主語+like/love/hate/begin/start等+to do sth.(doing sth. 例如:Tom likes to ask(askingsome strange questions.We begin to work(workingat seven every day.12.主語+remember/forget to do sth.記住(忘記要做某事(動作還沒發(fā)生主語+remember/forget doing sth.記住(忘記曾做過某事(動作已發(fā)生主語+stop t

9、o do sth.停下來(正做的事去做另一件事主語+stop doing sth.停下正做的事主語+try to do sth.設(shè)法(試圖去做某事主語+try doing sth.試著做某事例如:Don't forget to close the door when you leave.I forgot taking whose book .初中英語:非謂語動詞非謂語動詞指的是在句中起名詞,形容詞或副詞作用的動詞形式,而不是作謂語的動詞形式。動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞,分詞,動詞不定式。Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing.,

10、動名詞起名詞作用爬山是一項(xiàng)好運(yùn)動。Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing . 分詞起形容詞作用你認(rèn)識那個(gè)穿白襯衣的人嗎?He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch . 不定式起副詞作用他早早起床是為了趕上第一班汽車。1.謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區(qū)別:1 謂語動詞在句中可單獨(dú)作謂語,而非謂語動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語。Miss Mary teaches us English.瑪麗教我們英語。(teaches 動詞作謂語Mr.Victor came to our classroom to

11、 have a talk with us last week.維克托先生上周來到了我們教室和我們談話。(to have a talk. 不定式作狀語2 謂語動詞受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制,而非謂語動詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。Larke likes the pop music.拉克喜歡流行音樂。(動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式Larke has nothing to do today.拉克今天沒什么事要做。(do 用原形非謂語動詞的特征:1 如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面須跟賓語。Studying English is my favorite.學(xué)習(xí)英語是我的愛好。(studying 后跟賓語To help him

12、 is my duty.幫助他是我的責(zé)任。(help 后跟賓語2 非謂語動詞可以帶有自己的狀語或邏輯主語。Working under such a condition is terrible.在這樣的環(huán)境下工作太可怕了。(under such a condition 是working 的狀語 It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.他在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握英語太難了。(for him 作不定式的邏輯主語3 非謂語動詞仍有語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。I am sorry to have kept you wa

13、iting long.對不起讓你久等了。(to have kept.是不定式的完成形式Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.從山上看,這座城市美麗多了。(Seen from.是分詞的被動形式4 非謂語動詞在句中可以當(dāng)成名詞或者形容詞來使用。Our coming made him happy.我們的到來使他很高興。(coming 起名詞作用There are two big swimming pools here.這兒有兩個(gè)大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容詞作用2.非謂語動詞的形式變化:不定式主動被動一般to write to be written進(jìn)行to be writing/完成t