定語從句學(xué)案

1、定語從句知識應(yīng)該掌握到什么程度Learning aims:1.關(guān)系副詞where/when/why引導(dǎo)的定語從句2.介詞+which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在定語從句中，關(guān)系副詞主要有3個：when, where和why.1)when在定語從句中表時間，作狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，如：time, day,seas on, age, occasi on等。I cant forget the nightwhenl came to the farm.翻譯：_2) where在定語從句中表示地點，作狀語，其先行詞通常是place, city, town, factor

2、y,table, village, house等表示地點的名詞situati on, case, con diti on, point等表示抽象意義的名詞。The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.翻譯：_The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.翻譯：_3) why在定語從句中表示原因，作狀語，先行詞一般是reason.That is the reason why I did so.翻譯：_I dont know

3、 the reason why he didnt come to school yesterday.翻譯：_【注意】1)并非先行詞表示時間、地點或原因時，引導(dǎo)詞就用when, where或why;若定語從句中不缺狀語而缺主語或賓語則須用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。Ill never forget the days_we worked together.Ill never forget the days_we spent together.Do you know the reas on_he failed in the exam this timeThe reas on_he gave m

4、e was reas on able.2) when, where, why,引導(dǎo)的定語從句可用介詞+which”來替換。其介詞可根據(jù)先行詞和 定語從句中的謂語動詞來判斷。A.when相當(dāng)于at/in/on/during等+which.The date on which he joi ned the Party was July 1，1984.翻譯：_B.where相當(dāng)于at/in/on/等+whichThe house in which he lived is a library now.翻譯：_C.why相當(dāng)于for+which.Is that the reas on for which

5、he was abse nt from class翻譯：_2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which, whom)引導(dǎo)的定語從句1)介詞+which在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間，地點，原因狀語，相當(dāng)于when, where, why.(上 邊已經(jīng)講述)2)介詞+which/whom,關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語，這是我們學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的重點， 也是高考的 常考點。which指物，whom指人。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇非常關(guān)鍵，可根據(jù)定語從句所 修飾的名詞或代詞來選擇介詞。也可根據(jù)從句的相關(guān)動詞來選用。This is the professor from whom I have lear nt a lot.翻譯：_Have

6、you see the pen with which I write my homework.翻譯：_In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.翻譯：_【注意】在日常英語中通常把介詞放在從句的句末，省略關(guān)系詞which/whomThis is the professor (whom/that) I have lear ned a lot from.This is the camera (which/that) he often takes photos with.【學(xué)法點撥】1

7、)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時，介詞的選取必須遵循“一先；二動；三意義”的原則。即：a.根據(jù)先行詞的搭配而定；b.根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配而定；c.根據(jù)整句話的意義而定。2)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時，介詞的選擇應(yīng)注意幾個問題：a.有的介詞時定語從句中詞組的固定搭配拆開的結(jié)果，用什么介詞由從句的動詞決定。He is the boy who / whom I was talking to. =He is the boy to whom I was talk ing.翻譯：_b.有的介詞是根據(jù)句意添加上去的，即用什么介詞由先行詞決定。He employed 30 men, of whom

8、 12 were from his hometow n.翻譯：_c.定語從句中的詞組若是十分密切的固定搭配，一般不拆開。The baby who/whom my sister takes care of is very lovely.翻譯：_【誤區(qū)警示】：當(dāng)定語從句的動詞和介詞是不可分割的固定搭配時，介詞不能放到關(guān)系介詞 之前。當(dāng)堂檢測1.we ll take the conditions into careful consideration to this con tract.Than ks. Hope for further cooperati on.A.asB.whichC. where

9、2. Do you remember a certain occasion_you were in trouble and at that momentI gave you a hand.A. whereB. whichC. whyD. whe n3. There are moments_we remember our childhood days with fondn ess,embarrassme nt, regret or mixed feeli ngs.A. whe nB. thatC. whichD. Where4. Leave him a note at the receptio

10、n desk, he will learn how to find you.A. which B. from which C. with which D. on which5. How about your job-hu ntingNo luck.Now Ive reached the stage_I dont care what I do.A. which B.where C.whenD. that6. More tee ns are smok ing in Beiji ng,_the nu mber of primary and middle schoolstude nts pick in

11、g up the habit has more tha n doubled from previous years.A. whichB. whe nC. where D. that7. I can think of many cases_the media have a strong effect on young men.A. whyB. whereC. asD. which8. After graduati on she reached a point in her career_she n eeded to decide what to doyou have attached13.We

12、have spotted the location,_we thought is the site of Emperor QinShihuang.A. that B. what C. which14.-When did the young man save youst-January 1 , 2000, the first day of the new century,_I can never forget.B which15.Ive read all the books_you gave me.A. which B. themC. whatD. that16.There isnt much_

13、I can do.A. whatB. whichC. that17.Tell us about the people and the placesA. that B. who C. which D. whom18.The TV play I watched last night is the best one_I have watched this year.A. whichB. what C. whose D. thatA. thatB. what C. whichD. where9. Judging from his facethere was a confident smile, wek

14、new that he didntlose heart.A. in whichB. from whichC. by whichD. onwhich, I guess wed better fix a navigational導(dǎo)航儀）to the carwe can findourway easily.A. whichwhichwhich11. In English class, our teacher often creates an environmentwe are giventhe opportunity to solve problems ourselves.A. whenD. tha

15、t12. A turningpoint for the continuously high housing price wont appear suddenlybecausethere must be a certain processmany factors lead to the change.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. that_are different from ours.19.Last Sunday they reached Qingdao,_a conference was to be held.A. whichB. that C. when D. whe

16、rethis the museum_you visited the other dayA. thatB. where C. in which D. the onebegan to work in Beijing in the year_New China was founded.A. whenB. that C. which D. where22.There is no difficulty_cant be overcome in the world.A. thatB. whichC. who D. what23.Who is the person_is standing at the gate