直接引語改為間接引語的變化

1、直接引語改為間接引語的變化直接引語改為間接引語的變化1. 人稱的變化。其規(guī)律為：一從主，二從賓，三不變。具體為：(1) 如果直接引語的主語是第一人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的主語保持一致。女口： Mary said,“I want to forget the past. 宀Mary said (that)she wan ted to forget the past.(2) 如果直接引語的主語是第二人稱，變化時，該人稱與主句的賓語保持一致。女口： He said to me,“Do you want to ask about thelab? He asked me if I wan ted to

2、ask about the lab.(3) 如果直接引語的主語是第三人稱，變化時，該人稱保持不變。女口： Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework.Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework.2. 時態(tài)的變化。(1 )如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句原有時態(tài)保持不變。女口： Mary says, “ I w ent to see the movie yesterday . f Mary says that she went to see the movieyesterday . (2

3、 )如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句的時態(tài)會有以下變化(科學(xué)事實、自然規(guī)律除外)。a.般現(xiàn)在時f般過去時b.般將來時f過去將來時c.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時f過去進(jìn)行時d. 一般過去時f過去完成時e.現(xiàn)在完成時f過去完成時。也就是說要落后一個時態(tài)。3. 直接引語變間接引語時，指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語及動詞都會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，變化見下表。在直接引語中在間接引語中指示代詞this, thesethat, those時間狀語nowthe n/at that timethis week/mo nththat week/m onthyesterdaythe day beforelast week/ monththe

4、 week/m on th beforethree days/years agothree days/years beforetomorrowthe n ext/follow ing daynext week/m onththe n ext/followi ng week/m on thtodaythat day地點狀語herethere動詞come, bringgo, take情態(tài)動詞can, may, mustcould, might, had to4.各種句型的直接引語改為間接引語的方法。(1) .陳述句改為間接引語時，常用動詞said, told ，連詞that,多被省略。如: Ben

5、 said, “I won t go to Marcia s house on Friday night. fBen said (that)he wouldn t go to Marcia s house on Friday night.Lana said to me, “ I m not mad at you anymore. fLana told me(that)she wasn t mad at me anymore.直接引語改為間接引語的變化2. 一般疑問句常用 if 或 whether 來將其改為間接引語選擇疑問句只能用 whether ， 常用 ask 來引述，可以加間接賓語。語序

6、為陳述語序。女口： She said, “Could I copy your homework? She asked meif/whether she could copy my homework.She said, “ Is this book yours or hers? She askedmewhether that book was mine or hers.3. 特殊疑問句的間接引語，仍由原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。語序用陳述語序。女口： She said, “Why don t you think it is a good idea?She asked why I didn t thin

7、k it was a good idea.4. 祈使句時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o 的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上 tell,ask,order 等動詞。如果祈使句是否認(rèn)句，在不定式前面加上 not。其句型是： tell/ask/order someone notto do sth。如，He said to Tom,“Dont do the work anymore. fHe told Tom not to do the work anymore.She said to us, “Please have a rest. fShe asked us to have a res

8、t.將以下直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1. Mary said, “I am proud of my class. Mary said that proud of her class.2. John said,“This is my bedroom. John said that his bedroom.3. Miss Gao said,“I like living here. Miss Gao said that l ivi n g .4. He said,“Ill go tomorrow. He said that g o .5. My mother said：“I am going to ma

9、ke dumplings .6.She said ：“I do homework every day. .7. He said ：“I will play basketball this night. .8. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? .9. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall? he asked. 10. He asked,“Where do you live? .11.“How can we get to the post-office? he asked. 12.“Why is