小升初英語語法總結(jié)——祈使句,感嘆句,疑問句.

1、小升初英語語法總結(jié)祈使句，感嘆句，疑問句一祈使句 Be careful!Please open your books.Let me have a try. Don't open the door. 口訣：祈使句無主語，主語 you 常省去，動詞原形當(dāng)謂語，句首加 don't變否定。二. 感嘆句：用what和how引導(dǎo)，what修飾的是名詞，how修飾的是副 詞或形容詞。結(jié)構(gòu)： What + a/an + 形+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) +(主語 +謂語)！What+形 +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+ (主語+謂語)！How+ 形 / 副 + (主語 + 謂語)！a fine day it is

2、!( What) useful work we have done! (What)careful my mother is! (How) delicious bread it is! (What) 做題技巧：從右往左看，先劃掉感嘆號前的主語和謂語，剩下的是名詞就用what,剩下的是形容詞或者副詞就用 how。當(dāng)然名詞還需辨別可數(shù)不可數(shù)來確 定是否有冠詞 a/an 。三. 疑問句 疑問句有一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句，反意疑問句。1. 一般疑問句：需要用yes或no來回答。結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞+主語+謂語Have you locked the door? Yes, I have.Can you p

3、lay the piano? Yes, I can.2. 特殊疑問句：對句子中某一特殊部分提問的疑問句。結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句特殊疑問詞：“非常6+1”，即卩6個W開頭的疑問詞(what/who/which/where/when/why )和 1 個 H(How開頭的疑問詞。how 與 what 的其他用法 How much money do you wan t?How many pictures did you buy?How fast does he drive?How often do you go abroad?How many times do you go swimmin

4、g in summer?How soon will you come back?How long have you been here ？( 2) What number are you?What color is your coat?What time is it?What day is it today?3. 選擇疑問句：提供兩種或兩種以上的情況，供對方選擇的。選擇疑問句 不能用Yes和No回答，其答案只能是問句中提到的兩個選擇之一，如果考試中 出現(xiàn)選擇疑問句的選擇題，選項中的 Yes和No都要排除.Do you like tea or coffee ？ I like coffee.Do

5、you speak English or French? I speak EnglishWho runs faster, Tom or John? Tom.4. 反意疑問句：附在陳述句之后，對陳述句所說的事實或觀點提出疑問。結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞 /情態(tài)動詞 +主語， 前肯后否，前否后肯小升初英語考試中，一般以填空或者選擇的形式，讓孩子把反義疑問句后 半句補充完整，從而來考察孩子對反義疑問句的掌握。He likes playing football, doesn't he?He can speak English, can 't he?其他類型反意疑問句的用法(1) There be 變

6、成 be thereThere are 3 dogs, aren 't there?There will be a meeting tomorrow, won't there?(2) 祈使句后的反意疑問句：肯定祈使句的反意疑問句通常用 will you won't you, 否定祈使句的反意疑問句只用 will you 。Pass me a book, will you?Have another cup of tea, won't you?Don't watch too much TV, will you? Let 's go shopping,

7、 shall we?Let us go now, will you?(3) 陳述部分用 no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly, rarely,等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。Birds rarely build nests in our garden, do they?He hardly says such words, does he?(4) 陳述句的主語是不定代詞 everything, something, anything, nothing 時，其后的反意疑問句主語用 it 。Everyth

8、ing is right, isn't it?Nothing is in the box, is it?(5) 陳述句的主語是不定代詞 everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, none時，其后的反意疑問句主語用they 。Everybody has got the new books, haven 't they?Everyone knows his job, don 't they?Anyone can do that, can 't they?No on

9、e is interested in math, are they?不定代詞做主語的反義疑問句，指物的一般用 it 反問，指人的用 they 反問。(6) 陳述部分的謂語是 used to 時，疑問部分用 didn't + 主語或 usedn't +主語。She usted to climb the mountain, usedn't she?/didn ' t she?(7) 陳述部分有 had better + do, 疑問句部分用 hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?(8) 含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句中，簡短問句一般反映主句 中主、謂之間的關(guān)系。She said that they were happy, didnYou think that you are funny, don 但如果主句是 I think, I believe 中主語與謂語之間的關(guān)系。I think (that) he is serious, isn't she?'t you?等時，則簡短問句反映的是 that 從句't he?I d