初中英語時(shí)間方位介詞

1、第04講_時(shí)間和方位介詞時(shí)間介詞知識(shí)精講介詞是一種“媒介”詞，是用來表示句子中某一個(gè)詞或短語與另外一個(gè)詞或短語之間的關(guān)系的詞。 一、表“在時(shí)”的時(shí)間介詞 用法示例in表示較長時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。in the 20th century,in the 1950s, in 1989,in summer, in January,in the morning, in ones thirtieson表示具體某一天及對(duì)某一天的早、中、晚進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述。on May 1st, on Monday,on New Years Day,on a c

2、old night,on Sunday afternoonat表示某一具體時(shí)刻或鐘點(diǎn)，有時(shí)也表示在某一節(jié)假日；若把一段時(shí)間看作某一時(shí)刻也可用at。at 3:20, at Christmas,at the beginning of, at night,at noon, at this moment 二、常見時(shí)間介詞辨析1. in和after 用法示例in“in +時(shí)間段”  表示將來的一段時(shí)間以后，用于將來時(shí)。My mother will come back in threedays.afterafter+將來時(shí)間點(diǎn)”  表示將來的某一時(shí)刻以后,用于將來時(shí)

3、。She will appear after  five oclock this afternoon. 2. since和for 用法示例since表示某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)至說話時(shí)刻，后接表過去的句子或者是過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，通常與完成時(shí)連用。1. They have lived  here since 1978.2. They have lived  here since I was ten years old.for表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)貫穿整個(gè)過程，后接時(shí)間段，主句用完成時(shí)。I have studied  English for two

4、years. 3. by和till/ until 用法示例by表示時(shí)間，指“到以前”、“到時(shí)（為止）”，此時(shí)要注意它所連用的時(shí)態(tài)。I had learned 1000 English words by the end of  last term.until/till1. until/ till表示“直到”  表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到什么時(shí)候，常與表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞連用；2. notuntil 表示“直到才”，常與表示瞬間性的動(dòng)詞連用。1. I will work here  until six oclock.2. The noise of the 

5、0;street didnt stop until midnight. 三點(diǎn)剖析一、考點(diǎn)：時(shí)間in/ on/ at介詞的用法。 二、重難點(diǎn)：時(shí)間介詞的辨析及用法。時(shí)間介詞是中考的考查重點(diǎn)。時(shí)間介詞的中考題主要以單項(xiàng)選擇以及完形填空等題型來考查。注意：during表示事件發(fā)生在何時(shí)（when），意為“在期間內(nèi)”的行為或狀態(tài)。in 表示時(shí)間段，相當(dāng)于during，但是注意在選擇的時(shí)候一定要優(yōu)先選擇during。例：They visited many cities during their stay in China.   他們?cè)谥袊陂g，游覽了許多

6、城市。題模精講題模一 表“在時(shí)”的時(shí)間介詞例1.1、He often goes to school by bike _ the morning.A、atB、inC、onD、for例1.2、They started off _ an autumn afternoon.A、atB、inC、onD、during例1.3、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間介詞填空。I often got up _ 6 oclock when I worked in the company _2008.題模二 常見時(shí)間介詞辨析例2.1、Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it wi

7、ll be open_ five years.A、inB、forC、fromD、before例2.2、My uncle has worked at this factory _ five years.A、sinceB、forC、afterD、until例2.3、He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college.A、duringB、forC、byD、until隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1、My uncle has worked at this factory _ five years.A、 sinceB、 f

8、orC、 afterD、 until隨練1.2、Both Mary and Betty will get married this year. Mary is going to begin their honeymoon _Christmas while Betty _ New Years Day.A、 on; onB、 at; inC、 at; onD、 by; on隨練1.3、根據(jù)句意，用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間介詞填空。They will have a party _ the afternoon _ June 1st.隨練1.4、Mary i

9、s flying to France soon. She will arrive in Pairs _ the morning of July 9.隨練1.5、 Our English teacher often get to school _ 7:00 in the morning.隨練1.6、He lives with us _ these years.隨練1.7、Suffering from the terrible earthquake, the victims often awake several times _ a cold night.A、 onB、

10、0;atC、 inD、 during隨練1.8、Id like to call on my uncle _ my stay in Beijing this summer.A、 duringB、 inC、 atD、 for隨練1.9、There was a terrible storm _ the night; it rained _ four or five hours.A、 during; duringB、 during; forC、 for; forD、 for; during隨練1.10、

11、- _ you _ a new phone yet?- Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A、 Did, buy; boughtB、 Have, bought; boughtC、 Have, bought; buyedD、 Will, buy; buy隨練1.11、My father didnt sleep _ he finished his work.A、 beforeB、 afterC、 sinceD、 until隨練1.12、- Do you often go to Shanghai?- Ye

12、s, I have been there twice _ Christmas.A、 forB、 sinceC、 atD、 on隨練1.13、He hasnt heard from her friend _ a long time.隨練1.14、_ the end of this term, we had learned 1000Englsh words.隨練1.15、I waited for my mother _ 10 oclock.方位介詞知識(shí)精講一、表“在位置”的介詞at, in 用法示例at表示在小地點(diǎn)，如火車站、家、辦公室等；Yest

13、erday I arrived  at school.in表示在大地點(diǎn)，如國家、城市等。Yesterday I arrived  in Beijing.  二、表“在方位”的介詞1. in, on, to 用法示例in表示在范圍內(nèi)；Jiangsu lies in the  east of China.on表示毗鄰，接壤；Russia lies on the north  of China.to表示在范圍外，強(qiáng)調(diào)不接壤。Fujian is to the  south of Jiangsu Province. 

14、;2. above, over, on “在上” 用法示例above指在上方，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below 相對(duì)；The bird is flying  above my head.over指垂直的上方，與under 相對(duì)，但over  與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸；There is a bridge  over the river.on表示某物體上面并與之接觸。He put his watch on  the desk. 3. under, below “在下” 用法示例under表示在正下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)垂直；There is

15、 a cat under  the table.below表示在下方，不一定在正下方。Please write your  name below the line. 三、常見方位介詞辨析1. between和among 用法示例between指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間；There is a football  match between Class One and Class Two on the playground.among指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間。The teacher is  standing among the st

16、udents. 2. across和through 用法示例across介詞，表示“橫過”，即從物體表面通過；She went across the  street.cross動(dòng)詞，表示“跨過、越過”=go across；Dont cross the road.through介詞，表示“穿過”，即從物體內(nèi)部穿過。He walked through the  forest. 3. along和over 用法示例along表示“沿著”街、路、河岸等線形物；There are all kinds  of beautiful flo

17、wers along the street.over表示“越過”某一障礙物。The bear went over  the mountain. 4. near, by, beside 用法示例near表示“在附近”，與far 相對(duì)；A hospital was built  near the railway station.by/  besideby = beside, 表示“靠近，在旁邊”，比near  距離更近。He just sat by/  beside me in the cinema. 5. in fr

18、ont of 和in the front of 用法示例in  front of表示“在之前”（范圍外）；He is standing in  front of the bus.in  the front of表示“在的前部 ”（范圍內(nèi)）。He is in the front of  the classroom. 6. in the tree和on the tree 用法示例in  the tree表示“人或者動(dòng)物等外界的東西在樹上，不是長在樹上”；The boy is in the  tree.on &

19、#160;the tree表示“樹葉或者果實(shí)等長在樹上”。Those apples are on  the tree. 三點(diǎn)剖析一、考點(diǎn)：介詞雖然是一種虛詞，自身不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分，但它是英語中最活躍、最難掌握的詞類之一。中考對(duì)介詞的考點(diǎn)主要集中在介詞的基本用法上。地點(diǎn)或方位介詞在中考單選和完形里面也是多次出現(xiàn)。 二、重難點(diǎn)：注意近義詞詞組的辨析，在使用時(shí)要注意根據(jù)語境和語法去選擇。比如：1.表“在位置”的介詞at, in；2. 表“在方位”的介詞：1) in, on, to；2) above, over, on 在上；3) under, below 在下。3.

20、 常見方位介詞辨析：1) between和among；2) across和through；3) along和over；4) near, by和beside；5) in front of 和in the front of；6) in the tree和on the tree。題模精講題模一 表“在位置”的介詞例1.1、Maria is leaving for France soon by air. Shell arrive _ Paris on the morning of August 8th.A、atB、inC、onD、to例1.2、Please wait for me _ the bus

21、station.A、atB、inC、toD、under題模二 表“在方位”的介詞例2.1、China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia.A、to; toB、in; toC、to; inD、in; on例2.2、The sun rises _ the horizon.A、overB、onC、aboveD、under例2.3、 I want to have a rest _ the tree.A、blewB、underC、aboveD、over題模三 常見方位介詞辨析例3.1、用適當(dāng)?shù)姆轿唤樵~填空。His grade

22、s in the exam put him _ the top students in his class.例3.2、-Excuse me, where is the bookstore?-Go _ the bridge. Youll see it on your left.A、onB、crossC、acrossD、through例3.3、Sean has formed the habit of jogging _ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A、betweenB、alongC、belowD、with例3.4、There are

23、some apples _ the tree and some birds are singing _ the tree.A、on; inB、in; onC、on; onD、in; in隨堂練習(xí)隨練2.1、根據(jù)漢語提示，用正確的介詞完成句子。- Where is you Chinese teacher?- Hes _ the meeting room. （在會(huì)議室）隨練2.2、Alan found a birds nest _ the tree. （在樹上）隨練2.3、He said that he would meet us _ the station.A、 onB、 a

24、tC、 ofD、 to隨練2.4、He lives _ England, _ London.A、 to; inB、 at; inC、in; atD、 in; in隨練2.5、Taiwan is a beautiful island and its _ the east of Fujian.A、 inB、 onC、 toD、 at隨練2.6、The apples rotted (爛) _ the tree.A、 inB、 onC、 aboveD、 over隨練2.7、

25、Taiwan is a beautiful island and its _the east of Fujian.A、inB、onC、toD、at隨練2.8、There is a cup _ the desk. （在桌上）隨練2.9、Raise your hands _ your head. （舉過你的頭）隨練2.10、They have designed a system which pumps up water from 70m _ ground. （地下70米處）隨練2.11、_ the bridge, you will see a big building. （穿過這座橋）隨練2.12

26、、He left the table to stand _ the two men. （站在兩個(gè)男人之間）隨練2.13、Newman walked _ the street alone. （沿著街道）隨練2.14、The sun rose _ the horizon.A、 overB、 aboveC、 blewD、 on隨練2.15、There is a striped sofa _ the wall.A、 inB、 onC、 alongD、 across隨練2.16、I have an uncle. He liv

27、es _ Shanghai. （住在上海）隨練2.17、China is _ the west of Japan. （在日本西部）自我總結(jié)能力拓展拓展1、A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal _ April 25th, 2015.A、 atB、 inC、 onD、 to拓展2、We usually have breakfast _ 8:00 every day.A、 ofB、 inC、 onD、 at拓展3、I lived with my grandparents _ 20

28、10.A、 atB、 inC、 onD、 to拓展4、The girl left her home _ a cold winter evening.A、 onB、 inC、 atD、 of拓展5、 Lucy lived in Beijing from 2010 _ 2015.A、 atB、 toC、 onD、 in拓展6、- How soon will his father come back from London?- _ a week.A、 atB、&

29、#160;afterC、 forD、 in拓展7、The 30th Olympic Games will be held    2012.A、onB、atC、inD、of拓展8、 Miss Brown has taught physics _ twenty years.A、 forB、 sinceC、 untilD、 after拓展9、You _ get off the bus _ it stopped.A、 didnt; beforeB、 didnt; until

30、C、 have been; afterD、 have gone; until拓展10、My son has been ill _ Last Friday.A、 forB、 inC、 sinceD、 at拓展11、根據(jù)漢語提示，用正確的方位介詞完成句子 - Where are my books?- They are _ the sofa.（沙發(fā)上）拓展12、He lives _ Paris. （住在上海）拓展13、Viet Nam (越南) is _ the south of China. （位于中國南部）拓展14、An airplane flew