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1、2011全國高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)專題南京市高淳湖濱高級(jí)中學(xué)(211316)楊國順1.(2011 全國卷,23) Planing so far ahead no sense so many things will have changed byn ext year.A.madeB.is maki ng C.makesD.has made答案 C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“計(jì)劃這么超前毫無意義一到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的。前句表示現(xiàn)在的情況make no sense,后句表示到將來會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)。 is makin

2、g和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過程,故不選。因 此選C。2.(2011 全國卷,24) I wasn t sure if he was really interested or if hepolite.A.was just being 答案AB.will just beC.had just bee nD.would just be解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我不能確信他是真正感興趣呢還是僅僅為了表示禮貌?!本淝?wasn t sure表明說話的起點(diǎn)是過去時(shí), was really interested 禾口 was just being polite 者E是 相一致的過去時(shí)。故選 A。3

3、. (2011 全國卷,29) When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.A.had bee n lyi ngB.has bee n lyi ngC.was lyi ngD.has lain答案 A解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過來時(shí),她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。came to蘇醒過來是過去時(shí),蘇醒前的情況是過去的過去,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的過去里發(fā)生的事,故選A。4. (2011 全國卷 11,9) If you dont like the drink youust le

4、ave it and try a different one.A. orderedB. are orderi ng C. will orderD. had ordered答案 A解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“如果你不喜歡你所點(diǎn)的飲料, 就把它放那兒,試試另一種?!?dont like the drink是現(xiàn)在時(shí),點(diǎn)飲料是過去的動(dòng)作, 因此,用過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 故選A。5. ( 2011 北京卷,21) Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before theSeco nd World War.A. have c

5、on ductedB. have bee n con ducted C. had con ducted D. had bee n con ducted答案D解析:考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài),句意為“就在二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)前,美國和歐洲都進(jìn)行過這種實(shí)驗(yàn)?!笔紫瓤紤]語態(tài),主語 experime nt與con duct構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,謂語使用被動(dòng)形式。題干中出現(xiàn) the second war是過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn),before the second war是過去的過去,因此使用過去完成時(shí)。選D。6. (2011 北京卷,23) Tom in the library every ni ght over the last thre

6、e mon ths.A. works B. worked C. has bee n work ingD. had bee n work ing答案 C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“在過去的三個(gè)月里,Tom每天晚上都在圖書館里學(xué)習(xí)。題干中出現(xiàn)的over the last three months,是明顯提示用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選Co7. (2011 北京卷,27)That must have been a long trip.Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has take n C. took D. was tak

7、ing答案 C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一那一定是長途旅行。一一是的,我們花了整整一周時(shí) 間才趕到那兒?!鳖}干中must have done是對(duì)過去的肯定推測,提示時(shí)間在過去,描述過去 的情況,排除A和B, D項(xiàng)was taking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來,但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生,這與題意不 符,因此選Co8. (2011 北京卷,32)Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has leftB. left C. is leavi ngD. would leave答案B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一ob已經(jīng)去了加利福尼亞

8、。一一噢,你能告訴我他什么時(shí)候離開的?Bob has gone to California,去的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生過,說明他離開的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,因此使用一般過去時(shí)。選Bo9. (2011 天津卷,3) In the last few years thousands of films all over the world.A.have produced B. have bee n produced C. are produci ngD. are being produced答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“在過去的幾年時(shí)間里,全世界制作了成千上萬部電影?!?in the last few

9、years在過去的幾年時(shí)間里,其實(shí)是從過去算到現(xiàn)在,是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo) 志。選B。10. (2011 天津卷,4) On her next birthday, Ann B.has bee nC.will bemarried for twenty years. D.will have bee nA.is 答案 D 解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“等到下次生日的時(shí)候,Ann結(jié)婚有二十年了。” her nextfor twenty years是個(gè)時(shí)間段。將來完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)到將來某時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)將故選時(shí)間Im sure you will do better in the test because you1

10、1. (2011上海春招,29)year.A. studiedC. will study答案 D解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。.你一直用功學(xué)習(xí)?!鼻鞍刖銲m sure you will do better 交代了時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在。 的狀語從句不能用將來時(shí),只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。this year今年,是個(gè)時(shí)間段。studying表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。選B. had studiedD. have bee n study ingso hard this句意為“我確信你將在這次考試中取得更好的成績,因?yàn)檫@一年里because 弓 I起 D 項(xiàng) have beenD。12. (2011 上海春招

11、,32) A lot of people often forget that oral examscom muni cative ability.A. desig nC. are desig ning答案 BB. are desig ned D. are being desig nedto test our解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“很多人經(jīng)常忘記設(shè)計(jì)口語測試是用來檢測我們的交際能力的。”一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí),常與often, always, usually, sometimes,every day等時(shí)間狀語連用。oral exams與design的關(guān)系存在著被動(dòng),故選13

12、.(2011 山東卷,31) When I got on the bus, II had left my wallet at home.A. was realizi ngB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)我上了車后,我才意識(shí)到我把錢包落在家里了?!? had leftmy wallet at home發(fā)生在realized之前,前一句 When I got on the bus給出的時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是過去 時(shí),故選B。14.(2011 山東卷,35) She was surprised to find the

13、fridge empty; the childeverything!A. had bee n eati ng B. had eate nC. have eate nD. have bee n eati ng答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)冰箱里空空如也;她的孩子把里面的東西全吃光了! ”“吃光”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“發(fā)現(xiàn)”之前,前一句交代了過去時(shí)間,因此選擇過去的 過去。故選B。15. ( 2011 江蘇卷,21)I hear youin a pub. what Slike?Well, it s very hiwork and I m always tired, but I don

14、 t mind.D.will be work ingB.will workC.were work ingA.are worki ng答案 A解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一我聽說你在酒吧里上班,這份工作怎么樣?一一咳, 這是份辛苦活,老感到累,不過我不介意?!睂?duì)話所用的現(xiàn)在時(shí)表明現(xiàn)在還在酒吧里上班,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述現(xiàn)階段長期重復(fù)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。故選16. (2011 江蘇卷,23)Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By n ext mon th, heeno ugh for a used one.A. saves 答案 D 解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為

15、“一一Tommy將計(jì)劃買車。一一我知道,到下個(gè)月為止,他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了?!?by next month是將來完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,全句表示在將來nextmo nth之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動(dòng)作,對(duì)將來的時(shí)間next mo nth產(chǎn)生影響,能買一輛舊車。故選D。B .savedC.will saveD. will have savedB.are receivi ngC.have received D.had received17. ( 2011 福建卷,32) Last mon th, the Japa nese gover nment expressed their tha nks for

16、the aid they from Chi na.A.receive 答案 D 解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“上個(gè)月,日本政府對(duì)來自于中國的援助表示了感謝。expressed是過去時(shí),接受中國的援助發(fā)生在expressed之前,是過去的過去,故用過去完成時(shí)。選D。I put it there just now in case you n eeded it.A. does it land B. has it Ian ded C. will it landD. had it la nded答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一我并沒有要這份名單。為什么我的桌子上放著這東西?這是我剛剛放的, 以

17、備你需要?!?I didn t ask fori put it there just now都表示過去的動(dòng) 作,很有迷惑性,但Why has it Ianded on my desk ?是到說話時(shí)為止的情況, 名單在桌面上。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作,故選B。19. (2011 浙江卷,15) The manager was worried about the press conference his assistantinhis place but, luckily, everyth ing was going on smoothly.A. gave B. gives C.

18、 was givi ngD. had give n答案C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“經(jīng)理擔(dān)心著他的助手代替他所舉辦的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。幸運(yùn)的是,一切進(jìn)展順禾U。 ” was worried about 禾口 everything was going on smoothly 者E是過去時(shí),排 除B選項(xiàng)。經(jīng)理擔(dān)心的時(shí)候正是助手舉辦新聞發(fā)布會(huì)之時(shí),過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,排除表示過去完成時(shí)的D選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)gave表示過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過,這與后面everything was going on smoothly不符,因?yàn)槭虑檫€在進(jìn)展中,故選C。20. (2011 四川卷,9) All visit

19、ors to this villagewith kindness.A. treatB. are treatedC. are treat ingD. had bee n treated答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“所有到這個(gè)村子的來訪者都會(huì)受到善意的接待。”表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作, 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。來訪者與招待存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。由于沒有交代過去時(shí)間,had been treated過去的過去不能用。因此選 B。21. (2011 四川卷,19) What a mistake!Yes. Ihis doing it ano ther way, but without success.Aw

20、s suggesti ngB.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一多么嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤呀!一一是的,我曾經(jīng)建議他換個(gè)方 法做,但他沒聽?!彼稿e(cuò)誤發(fā)生在過去,我提建議發(fā)生在他犯錯(cuò)誤之前,是過去的過去, 故用過去完成時(shí)。這里不是再現(xiàn)當(dāng)時(shí)提建議的情景,故不用was suggest in g。選D。22. (2011 重慶卷,21) That piece of music sou nds quite familiar. Who the pia noupstairs?A. has playedB. playedC. pla

21、ysD. is play ing答案 D解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“那首樂曲聽起來相當(dāng)熟悉。是誰在樓上彈鋼琴?”在聽的 過程中才發(fā)出誰在彈鋼琴的疑問,sou nd用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí),交代的時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在,故選D。23. (2011 重慶卷,31) Look at the pride on Tom s face. He to have been praised by theman ager just now.A.seemedB.seemsC.had seemedD.is seem ing答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為看Tom臉上驕傲的表情,他似乎剛才受到了經(jīng)理的表揚(yáng)。look at祈使句交代了時(shí)間

22、是現(xiàn)在,seem表心理判斷,沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),故選B。24. (2011 陜西卷,12) His first novelgood reviews since it came out last mon th.A.receivesB.is receivi ngC.will receiveD.has received答案 D解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“他的第一本小說自上個(gè)月出版以來受到了好評(píng)?!?since自從以來,引導(dǎo)含有過去時(shí)的從句時(shí),主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選D。25. (2011 湖南卷,22)John, whatin your hand?Look! It sa birthday gift for

23、 my grandma.A had you held B are you holdi ngC do you hold D will you hold答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“一一John,你手里拿的是什么?一一看,這是給我奶奶的生日禮物?!眱扇藢?duì)話以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為參考點(diǎn),現(xiàn)在(說話人說話時(shí))對(duì)方hold這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。選B。26. ( 2011 湖南卷,27) in 1492, Columbuson one of the Bahama islands, but he mistookit for an isla nd off in dia.A. la ndsB. la

24、ndedC. has Ian dedD.had Ian ded答案 B解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“在1492年,哥倫布登上了巴哈馬群島,但他誤以為是印度的島嶼?!?in 1492是過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志,后面敘述的是在這一年里發(fā)生的事情。題目沒有明確 說明“登陸”是發(fā)生在“誤解”之前的動(dòng)作,因此,這兩個(gè)行為都統(tǒng)一在1492年里,排除D,故選B。27. ( 2011 湖南卷,30) It is the most in structive lecture that Isi nee I came to this school.A. atte ndedB. had atte ndedC. am atte ndingD. have atte nded答案 D解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為自從我到這個(gè)學(xué)校以來,這是我所聽到的最有教育意義的 演講?!?si nee自從以來,引導(dǎo)過去時(shí)的從句時(shí),主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。選D。28. (2011 湖南卷,34) In the n ear future, more adva nces in the robot tech no logy bysce ntists.A. are mak ing B. are madeC. wi

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