2020中考英語主謂一致和倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總匯

1、中考英語 之 主謂一致和倒裝句1. and和both-and-連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。例： Both Lucy and Lily are students. Lily 和 Lucy 兩個(gè)都是學(xué)生。2. 不定代詞 either/ each/ every 和復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。neither和none作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)都可以。例：Each boy has a new book.每個(gè)孩子都有一本新書。There is something wrong with your bike. 你的自行車有毛病。3. 就前一致 主語后接有with, along with, together

2、 with, except, but連接另一個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與最前面的主語保持一致。例： Mr Green with his wife is coming to Beijing. 格 林先生和他的妻子一起將來北京。No one but I knows the thing. 除了我，沒有人知道那件事。All except Harry have passed the driving test.除了 Harry, 所有人都通 過了駕駛考試。4. 就近一致either-or-或者，或者neither-nor- 兩者都不 ,not only- but also-不但 - ，而且 -,not-but-,

3、 不是 - ， 而是 - ，or 或者以上這些詞連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與最近的主語保持一致。例： Neither her sister norMary is going to the park tomorrow. （ is 和最近的主語 Mary 保持一致）Not only my parents but alsoI am interested in sports. （am 和最近的主語 I 保持一致）5. 集體名詞 family, team, class, group crowd, company, government主語時(shí)，如果表示整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果表示個(gè)體成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

4、My family is a small one with 3 people. 我家是一個(gè)三口之家的小家庭My family are watching TV now. 我全家人現(xiàn)在正在看電視。people,police,cattle等集合名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：The police are helping a girl find her mother.警察正在幫助女孩找媽媽。6. 時(shí)間，金錢，非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例： Three years is a long time. （時(shí)間）Fifteen yuan is given to Mr Green. （金錢）Read

5、ing in the sun is bad for your eyes.（動(dòng)詞 ing）To see is to believe. （不定式）7. A pair of shoes is on the table.一雙鞋子在桌上。（謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)） Two pairs of shoes are on the table兩雙鞋子在桌上。（謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù) 數(shù)）8. The teacher and writer is coming to our school. 那位老師兼作家將來我們學(xué)校。 （同一個(gè)人）T he teacher and the writer are coming to our schoo

6、l. 那位老師和那位作家將來我們學(xué)校。（兩個(gè)人）9. 算式中加法和乘法可以用單數(shù)， 也可以用復(fù)數(shù)， 但 減法和除法必須用單數(shù) 。如：What is/are three times three? 3乘以3 是多少？10. ne and half 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞， 做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。One and half cakes is a good meal for a monkey.10 復(fù)數(shù)形式單數(shù)意義的詞作主語形式復(fù)數(shù)，意義單數(shù)，如news, works（工廠），或是以-ics結(jié)尾的科學(xué)名詞，如physics， politics ， 等做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。七 What 從句作主

7、語 ，如果表示的是單數(shù)意義，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果表示的是復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：What he wanted to knowwaswhy they didn t tell him.他想要知道的是他們?yōu)槭裁床桓嬖V他。What he left me are some old books.他留給我的是一些舊書。11、“the姓氏名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“一家”或“夫婦”，當(dāng)他在句子中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用 復(fù)數(shù)形式 。如：The Blacks enjoy working in China.布萊克夫婦喜歡在中國工作。12以so, neither開頭的倒裝句so+謂+主語如：so do I 某某

8、也是neither+謂+主語如：neither do I 某某也不是（ 1）這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)常用來說明前面所說的情況也同樣適用于后面的人或物，意思是 “某人（物）也是這樣”。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的助動(dòng)詞 /be 動(dòng)詞 /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在形式上與前一句的謂語保持一致， 而其單復(fù)數(shù)形式則由后句的主語決定。如：Lucy is a good student, so is Lily露西是好學(xué)生，莉莉也是好學(xué)生。（ 2）這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的不同點(diǎn)是：“ so+動(dòng)詞/be+動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”依附于肯定句，表示前邊的肯定情況也適用于后邊的人，意為“.也"“neithe勘動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”依附于否定句，表示前邊的

9、否定情況也適用于后邊的人，意為 “也不" 如：Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann湯姆昨晚看電視了，安也看啦。Mary didn t watched TV last nighnt,either did Jim瑪麗昨晚沒有看電視，吉姆也沒看?！皊o+語+謂”.某人（物）確實(shí)如此Neither +主語 +謂 ” “某人 （物）確實(shí)不如此Tom is an American. 湯姆是一個(gè)美國人。So he is. 的確如此。 例：Jim watched TV last night. So did I.吉姆看了電視。我也看了（提到吉姆和我2人）Jim w

10、atched TV last night.So he did.吉姆看了電視。-他（吉姆）是看了 （只提到吉姆1人）Jim didn ' t watch TV last night. Neither （=Nor） did I. 吉姆沒 看電視。我也沒看。練習(xí)題1. I like to play basketball when I was young.A. So he was B. So was he C. So did he D. So he did2. Hi, Mary. We ' re going to help Grandma Li with her house work

11、this Saturday afternoon.A. So am IB. So I amC. So will ID. SoI will答案1 C 2 B13表示某地方有一”用There be句型。There is a book on the desk.There are some books on the table.There is some water in the cup.There is a pen, a book and some pencils on the desk.There are two glasses of water on the desk.There is going

12、 to be a film tomorrow.=There will be a film tomorrow.There was a film yesterday.There used to be a school there.14 There be 的四個(gè)基本句型肯定句： There is some milk in the glass. 否定句： There is not any milk in the glass.一般疑問句： Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there is. No, there isn t.特殊疑問句： What is there

13、 in the glass?15 . 表示 “某個(gè)人有-” ，用have, has例： They have some books. （主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，用have）She has a book. （主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，用has）16基本句型的構(gòu)成：否定句： They don t have any books. She doesn t have a book.一般疑問句： Do they have any books? Does she have a book?Yes, they do. No, they don tY. es, she does. No, she doesn t.特殊疑問句

14、： What do they have? What does she have?17副詞開頭引起的倒裝句在以here， there， out, down, away 等表示方位副詞開頭的句子中，如果主語是名詞，要用倒裝句。因此，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式由位于倒裝句句尾的主語決定。如：There goes the bel 鈴響了。Here are some flower啦里有一些花。注意：如果主語是人稱代詞就不必倒裝。如：Here you are. Here it is9易混點(diǎn)清單一、并列連詞and連接并列主語的幾種情況1 .兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或代詞并列共同主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：To

15、m and Jim are going to Beijing tomorrow.湯姆和吉姆明天要去北京。2 .當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)名詞指同一人或物（即 and后無冠詞）時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：The worker and writer is coming tomorrow.那位工人作家明天將要過來。例 1 (OThe teacher and singer to visit our school.A. is coming B. are coming C. have come D. coming3 .當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞前都有every, each或no修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Eac

16、h boy and each girl is going to take part in the sports meeting next week.每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩下周都要參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。4 "anumber of/many/a few+名詞”做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式； “the number of/a little/much+詞”作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例 3 The number of invited fifty, but a number of them absent for different reason.A. were; wasB. was; was C. was; were D. were答案C5、“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞”表示“其中之一”。謂語動(dòng)詞 用單數(shù)形式例 4 One of the women from America.A. isB. areC. hasD. being2Tom with other boys to go and a game.A. want; wat