材料成型工藝基礎(chǔ)部分(中英文詞匯對(duì)照)

1、材料成型工藝基礎(chǔ)部分 詞匯對(duì)照）（中英文材料成型工藝基礎(chǔ)部分0緒論金屬材料：metal material (MR)高分子材料:high-molecular material陶瓷材料：ceramic material復(fù)合材料：composition material成形工藝：formation technology1鑄造鑄造工藝：casting technique鑄件：foundry goods (casting 機(jī)器零件：machine part 毛坯：blank力學(xué)性能：mechanical property 砂型鑄造：sand casting process 型砂：foundry sand

2、1.1鑄件成形理論基礎(chǔ)合金：alloy鑄造性能：casting property 工藝性能：processing property 收縮性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸氣性：inspiratory鑄件結(jié)構(gòu)：casting structure 使用性能：service performance 澆不足：misrun冷隔：cold shut夾渣：cinder inclusion粘砂：sand fusion缺陷：flaw, defect, falling流動(dòng)性：flowing power鑄型：cast (foundry mold)蓄熱系數(shù)：

3、thermal storage capacity澆注：pouring凝固：freezing收縮性：constringency逐層凝固：layer-by-layer freezing糊狀凝固： mushy freezing結(jié)晶：crystal縮孔：shrinkage void縮松：shrinkage porosity順序凝固：progressive solidification冷鐵：iron chill補(bǔ)縮：feeding等溫線法：constant temperature line method內(nèi)接圓法：inscribed circle method鑄造應(yīng)力：casting stress變形：d

4、eforming裂紋：crack機(jī)械應(yīng)力：mechanical stress熱應(yīng)力：heat stress相變應(yīng)力：transformation stress氣孔：blow hole鑄鐵：ingot鑄鋼：cast steel非鐵合金：nonferrous alloy灰鑄鐵：gray cast-iorn孕育處理：inoculation球墨鑄鐵：spheroidal球化處理：sheroidisation可鍛鑄鐵：ductile cast iron石墨：graphite蠕墨鑄鐵：vermicular cast iron 熱處理：heat processing鋁合金：Al-alloy 熔煉：fusio

5、n metallurgy銅合金：copper alloy 氫脆：hydrogen brittleness1.2 鑄造方法(casting method手工造型：hand moulding 機(jī)器造型： machine moulding 金屬型： metal mold casting 金屬模：permanent mould 壓力鑄造：press casting 熔模鑄造：investment moulding 蠟?zāi)ぃ篶ere離心鑄造：centrifugal casting低壓鑄造：casting under low pressure差壓鑄造：counter-pressure casting陶瓷型鑄

6、造:shaw process1.3鑄造工藝設(shè)計(jì)澆注位置：pouring position分型面：mould joint活塊：loose piece起模：patter drawing型芯：core型芯撐：chaplet工藝參數(shù)： processing parameter下芯：core setting合型：mould assembly冒口：casting head尺寸公差：dimensional tolerance 尺寸公差帶：tolerance zone 機(jī)械加工余量：machining allowance 鑄孑L： core hole非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：nonstandard label收縮率：rate

7、of contraction線收縮：linear contraction體收縮：volume contraction起模斜度：pattern draft鑄造圓角： curving of castings芯頭：core register芯頭間隙：clearance芯座：core print seat分型線：joint line分模線：die parting line14鑄造結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性力口強(qiáng)筋：rib reinforcement撒砂：stuccoing 內(nèi)腔：entocoele2金屬塑性加工塑性加 口工：plastic working塑性：plastic property鍛造：forge work

8、沖壓：punching軋制：rolling拉拔：drawing擠壓：extruding細(xì)化晶粒： grain refinement 熱鍛：hit-forging 溫鍛：warm forging2.1金屬塑性加工理論基礎(chǔ) 塑性變形：plastic yield 力口工硬化：work-hardening 韌性：ductility回復(fù)溫度：return temperature 再結(jié)晶：recrystallize 再結(jié)晶退火：full annealing 冷變形：cold deformation 熱變性：heat denaturation 鍛造比：forging ratio 鐓粗：upset拔長(zhǎng)：pul

9、l out纖維組織：fibrous tissue鍛造性能：forging property可鍛性：forgeability變形抗力：resistance of deformation化學(xué)成分：chemical constitution熱脆性：hot brittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness變形速度：deformation velocity應(yīng)力狀態(tài)：stress condition變形溫度：deformation temperature過(guò)熱：overheating過(guò)燒：burning脫碳：carbon elimination始鍛溫度：initiation forging tem

10、perature終鍛溫度：final forging temperature2.2金屬塑性加工方法自由鍛：flat-die hammer沖孔：jetting彎曲：bend彎曲半徑：bending radius切割：cut扭轉(zhuǎn)：twist rotation錯(cuò)移：offsetting鍛接：percussion基本工序：basic process輔助工序：auxiliary process 精整工序：finishing process 模鍛：contour forging鍛模：forging die胎膜鍛：fetal membrane forging剪床：shearing machine沖床：bac

11、king-out punch沖裁：blanking彈性變形：elastic distortion塑性變形：plastic yield剪切變形：shearing deformation最小彎曲半徑： minimum bending radius曲率：angularity彎裂：rupture回彈：rebound輥軋：roll forming輥鍛：roll forging斜軋：oblique rolling橫軋：transverse rolling輾壓：tamping drum擠壓：extruding拉拔：draft2.3塑性加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)工藝規(guī)程： process specification鍛件圖：

12、forging drawing 敷料：dressing鍛件余量：forging allowance鍛件公差：forging tolerance工夾具：clamping apparatus加熱設(shè)備：firing equipment加熱規(guī)范：heating schedule冷卻規(guī)范：cooling schedule后續(xù)處理：after treatment分模面：die parting face沖孔連皮：punching the wad模鍛斜度：draft angle圓角半徑：radius of corner圓餅類(lèi)鍛件:circumcresent cake-like forging長(zhǎng)軸類(lèi)鍛件:lon

13、g axis-like forging2.4鍛件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性錐體：cone斜面：cant 空間曲線：curve in space 粗糙度：degree of roughness2.5沖壓件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性3焊接焊接：welding鉚接：riverting熔焊：fusion welding壓焊：press welding 釬焊：braze welding3.1焊接理論基礎(chǔ)冶金： metallurgy電弧焊：arc welding氣焊：acetylene welding 電渣焊：electro-slag welding 高能束焊：high energy welding 電子焊：electronic wel

14、ding 激光焊：laser welding 等離子焊：plasma welding 電?。篹lectric arc 卩日極區(qū)：anode region陰極區(qū)：negative polarity弧柱區(qū)：arc stream正接法：electrode negative method反接法：opposition method脫氧劑：deoxidizing agent焊縫：welded seam焊縫區(qū)：weld zone熔合區(qū)：fusion area熱影響區(qū)：heat-affected zone脆性斷裂：brittle fracture過(guò)熱區(qū)：overheated zone正火區(qū)：normalize

15、d zone相變區(qū)：phase change zone焊接應(yīng)力：welding stress收縮變形：contraction distortion角變形：angular deformation彎曲變形：bend deformation扭曲變形：warping deformation波浪變形：wave transformation反變形法：reversible deformation method剛性固定法：rigid fixing method預(yù)熱：warming-up緩冷：slow cool焊后熱處理： postweld heat treatment矯形處理：shape-righting3.

16、2焊接方法埋弧焊：hidden arc welding氣體保護(hù)焊： gas shielded arc welding氬弧焊：argon welding熔化極氬弧焊： consumable electrode argon welding 鎢極氬弧焊： argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳?xì)怏w保護(hù)焊：CO2 gas shielded arc welding碳弧焊：carbon arc welding碳弧氣刨： carbon arc air gouging電渣焊：electro-slag welding高能焊：high grade energy welding等離子弧切割：p

17、lasma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊：bead weld電阻焊：resistance welding電焊：electric welding縫焊：seam welding壓焊：press welding多點(diǎn)凸焊： multiple projection welding 對(duì)焊：welding neck摩擦焊：friction welding擴(kuò)散焊：diffusion welding硬釬料：brazing alloy軟釬料：soft solder3.3常用金屬材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：welding method 焊接材料：welding material 焊條

18、：electrode 焊劑：flux material碳素鋼：carbon steel低碳鋼：low carbon steel中碳鋼：medium carbon steel咼碳鋼：high carbon steel低合金鋼：lean alloy steel 不銹鋼：non-corrosive steel 有色金屬：nonferrous metal3.4焊接工藝設(shè)計(jì)型材：sectional bar藥皮：coating焊絲：soldering wire 連續(xù)焊縫：continuous weld斷續(xù)焊縫：intermittent weld應(yīng)力集中：stress concentration焊接接頭：s

19、oldered joint坡口：groove對(duì)接：abutting joint搭接：lap joint角接：corner joint4 粉末冶金(power metallurgy)粉末冶金成品： finished power metallurgical product鐵氧體：ferrite硬質(zhì)合金：sintered-carbide高熔點(diǎn)金屬：high-melting metal陶瓷：ceramic4.1粉末冶金工藝?yán)碚摶A(chǔ)壓坯：pressed compact擴(kuò)散：diffusion燒結(jié)：agglomeration固溶：solid solubility化合：combination4.2粉末冶金的

20、工藝流程制備：preparation預(yù)處理：anticipation還原法：reduction method電解法：electrolytic method 霧化法：atomization 粒度：grain size 松裝密度：loose density 流動(dòng)性：flowing power 壓縮性：compressibility篩分：screen separation混合：compounding制粒：pelletization過(guò)燒：superburning欠燒：underburnt5金屬?gòu)?fù)合成型技術(shù)自蔓延焊接：SHS welding熱等靜壓：HIP準(zhǔn)熱等靜壓：PHIP5.1液態(tài)成型技術(shù)與固態(tài)成型

21、技術(shù)的復(fù)合高壓鑄造： high-pressure casting電磁泵：magnetic-pump壓射成型：injection molding柱塞：plunger piston沖頭：drift pin凝固法：freezing method擠壓法：extrusion method轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)：knuckle pivot制動(dòng)器：arresting gear5.2金屬半凝固、半熔融成型技術(shù)凝固：freezing半熔融：semi-vitreous觸變鑄造：thixotropy casting觸變鍛造：thixotropy forging注射成型：injection molding5.3其他金屬成型新技術(shù)快速

22、凝固：flash set非晶態(tài)：amorphous溢流法：press over system噴射沉積：ejecting deposit爆炸復(fù)合法： explosion cladding method擴(kuò)散焊接：diffusion welding擠壓：extruding軋制：roll down6.1高分子材料成型技術(shù)高分子材料：non-metal material耐腐蝕：resistant material絕緣：insulation老化：ageing耐熱性：heat-durability粘彈性：viscoelasticity塑料：plastic material橡膠：rubber合成纖維：synt

23、hetic fibre涂料：covering material粘結(jié)劑：agglomerant粘度：viscosity熱塑性塑料：thermoplastic plastics 熱固性塑料：thermosetting plastic 通用塑料：general-purpose plastics 工程塑料：engineering plastic 薄膜：thin film增強(qiáng)塑料：reinforced plastics澆注塑料：pouring plastics注射塑料：injiection plastics擠出塑料：extrusion plastics吹塑塑料：blowing plastics 模壓塑料： die pressing plast