虛擬語氣 (4)

1、概念：表示與真實情況相反的假設(shè)或是一種不可實現(xiàn)的愿望分類：1、用時態(tài)表示 2、should+動詞原形具體用法：一、用時態(tài)表示的虛擬語氣1、用在wish（但愿，希望）后面的賓語從句中表示現(xiàn)在不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望賓語從句用過去時態(tài)（be動詞用were的形式）表示過去沒能實現(xiàn)的愿望賓語從句用過去完成時態(tài)表示將來不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望賓語從句用過去將來時態(tài)Examples：I wish my parents were living with me in Yichang now.(Fact:My parents are not living with me now)The girl always wishes t

2、hat she had one million.(Fact:She doesnt have one million.)2、用在if引導(dǎo)的條件從句中所表示的情況if從句時態(tài)主句時態(tài)與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)If+主語+動詞過去式（be動詞用were）主語+should/would/could/might+do與過去事實相反的假設(shè)If+主語+had+動詞過去分詞主語 +should/would/could/might+have done與將來事實相反的假設(shè)If+主語+動詞過去式If+主語+were to+動詞原形If+主語+should do主語+should/would/could/might+doE

3、xamples:If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.If he should not

4、 come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next week. 注：以上虛擬語氣中的條件從句還可以采用省略if的倒裝形式：即省略if，把were，had，should提前至句首。Were I you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.Had you taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.Were it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.Shou

5、ld he not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next weekPractice:1.- Why didnt you go to the dance last night? - If I_ tired, I would have.A. were not B. hadnt C. havent been D.hadnt been2.-Did you see Monica before she left for Brazil? -No, I wish I _ her.B. had seen B. have seen C. sa

6、w D.would see3. I dont think that I shall fail.But if I _, I would try again.C. Failed B. would fail C. should fail D. had failed4. _ somebody call when I am out, _ you please get her or him to leave a message?A. Could;would B.Would;could C.Would;would D.Should;could DACD3.定語從句 : It is (high) time t

7、hat sb did sth/ should do sth 賓語從句: would rather sb did sth 狀語從句: as if ; as though/even if; even though引導(dǎo)的狀語從 句如果表示與事實相反的也要用虛擬語氣1. It is time that you went to school.2. I would rather you did the work tomorrow.3. When you put part of a stick into water,it looks as if it were broken.4. Even if he we

8、re here, you could not solve the problem.Practice:1.- Im going to see the victims brother. - Id rather you _. A.didnt B. do not C. dont D. do2. Its time we _ our meeting. A. must begin B.begin C.begun D. beganAD4. 介詞without, but for以及or(else),otherwise 引起的虛擬語氣. I couldnt have worked out the problem

9、without your help.= I couldnt have worked out the problem if I hadnt got your help. But for the taxi driver, I would have lost my case.= If it had not been for the taxi driver, I would have lost my case. I was ill that day. Otherwise,I would have taken the speech competition.= I was ill that day. If

10、 I had not been ill, I would have taken the speech competition. 5.含有:If it were not for .或If it had not been for. 的條件句(要不是因為) If it were not for the rain, the crops would die. If it had not been for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.倒裝形式:Were it not for. Had it not been for.P

11、ractice:1._ the clouds you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A.Were it not for B. If it had not been for C. If it were not D.Had it not been for2.But for the Party, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. A.Would have died B. must have died C.would die D.died3.Without your help, I _ the exam last term

12、. A.would have passed B.wouldnt pass C. would have failed D.failed in4._ for the reservior, wed never have been able to beat the drought.A. Were it not B. If it had been C. Had it not D.Had it not beenAACD6.If only引起的感嘆句. If only my grandfather were still living! (My grandfather has been dead for 10

13、 years.) If only I had seen the film! (I didnt see the film.) If only I _ as brave as you are. A. being B. was C.be D.wereD二、“should + 動詞原形式”的虛擬語氣 這種虛擬語氣主要用在名詞性從句名詞性從句中，should 可以省略。1、在表示建議、愿望、命令等動詞后的賓語從句賓語從句中，這樣的動詞有：suggest，advise，demand，order，command insist， require，request，desire， arrange，propose（

14、提議）。這些動詞后的賓語從句中謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形” 形式。 Eg:He suggested that we (should )start off early the next day. The doctor ordered that the patient (should )be sent to hospital at once.注意:當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”的意思 的時候，其賓語從句中不用虛擬語氣。 當(dāng)insist表示“堅持認(rèn)為，堅持說”的意思 的時候，其賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。Eg：The smile on her face suggested that she w

15、as satisfied with our work. The man insisted that he hadnt taken the money.2、當(dāng)動詞suggest，advise, demand，order，command insist, require, request，desire， arrange，propose（提議）用在“It is +v-ed +that 從句從句”中時，that從句中謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”的形式；另外幾個形容詞或名詞用在此句型中,也可用虛擬語氣should可省略可省略如：necessary，important，strange，natura

16、l，a pity，a shame eg: It was suggested that the meeting (should )be put off. It was ordered that children and women (should)be sent to a safe place It is strange that he should have treated his mother in that way.(表示驚訝)3、以上動詞的名詞形式如：suggestion, advice, order, request, proposal, command, demand,arrange

17、ment 還有plan, idea等后面接表語表語從句或同位語從句從句或同位語從句時，從句中謂語動詞用“should +動詞原形”形式。 My idea is that we should think about it carefully before making the decision. The proposal that we should go to Chongqing by ship sounds reasonable.1.My father was strict. He requested that I _ TV on week nights. A.mustnt watch B.

18、not watch C. couldnt watch D.dont watch2.Your advice that she _ till next week is reasonable. A. will wait B. is going to wait C. waits D. waitBDMore Practice:1._ your letter, I would have started off two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I receive C. If I could have receive D. Had I received2.It

19、 is strange that she _ so. A. think B. thinks C. will think D. thought3.He suggested that the meeting _ put off. A. not be B. should not C. wouldnt D. be not4.The professor gave orders that the experiment _ before 6. A. was finished B.will finish C. be finished D. shall be finishedDAAC5.The thief cl

20、osed his eyes_ he _ dying. A. even ifwas B. though would be C. when had been D. as if were6.I wish I _ my uncle yesterday. A. had met B. would met C. met D. have met7.What do you think of the suggestion that she _ at the meeting last week. A. should make B. make C. made D. A or B8.If only I _ to my

21、parents advice. A. listening B. listen C. am listening D.had listened9.But for the snow, we _ earlier. A. will arrive B. should have arrived C. arrive D. arrivedDACDB10. It is natural that _ his mind. A. changes B. changing C. change D. to change11. Its high time he _ home. A. goes B. went C. will g

22、o D. is going to go12.I was very busy yesterday,otherwise I _ to the meeting. A. came B. would come C. had come D. would have come13.If she knew as much about music as you do, my daughter_ much better. A. play B. must play C. will play D. would play14. “Jane wants to see you tomorrow.” “I would rath

23、er she _ today than tomorrow.” A. comes B. should come C. come D.cameCBDDD15. Supposing the weather _ bad,where would they go? A. will be B. is C. were D. be16. Without the leadership of the Party, there _ no New China. A.would be B. has been C. was D.should be 17.The work would require that_ at 5 o

24、clock every morning. A. she has been there B. she was there C. she be there D. she will be there18. The little heros pale face suggested he _dead. A. is B. was C.should be D. be19.Galileo insisted that the earth _ round the sun. A. should move B. move C. moves D. A or BCACBC20. The rice _ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not bu