中國肉牛的礦物質(zhì)需要(中英文)

1、PPT文檔系列文檔系列 (PPT可可編輯版編輯版)Minerals (Its More Than Salt)礦物質(zhì)（比鹽重要）Outline提綱Which Elements?那些元素？Major Elements of Concern for Lactating Beef CowElementGrams/dayCalcium48Magnesium26Phosphorus29Potassium91Sodium13Sulfur19.5秘乳肉用母牛需要的大量元素Trace Elements of Concern for Lactating Beef CowElementmg/dayCobalt1.3

2、Copper130Iodine6.5Iron650Manganese520Selenium1.3Zinc390秘乳肉用母牛所需的微量元素How Much In the Feed?飼料中有多少？How Much In the Feeds?飼料中有多少？How Much In The Feeds?飼料中有多少？土壤和化肥作用 植物對低土壤水平的反映 限制生長和/或較少濃度 磷：受土壤濃度影響土壤PH植：低：含鈷和銅高 高：含鉬高、減少被牛利用的銅How much in the Feeds?飼料中有多少？How Much in Feedstuff?飼料中有多少？Self-feed or Regula

3、te Intake?自食或控制采食？How Much Mineral Will Cattle Eat?牛吃多少礦物？How Much Mineral Will Cattle Eat?牛吃多少礦物？How Much Mineral Will Cattle Eat? - (continued)牛吃多少礦物？（繼續(xù)）CALCIUM AND PHOSPHOROUS 鈣和磷CALCIUM AND PHOSPHOROUS 鈣和磷SIGNS OF CALCIUM DEFICIENCY 鈣缺乏的征兆SIGNS OF CALCIUM DEFICIENCY 鈣缺乏的征兆Calcium (48 g/d for 60

4、0 kg lactating cow)鈣（600公斤秘乳母牛48克/天）020406080100Probability (%) of deficiencyAlfalfaCloverNativeBrome Timothy BarleyCalcium (supplement at 0.5% of intake; adequate 80% of time)鈣（按采食0.5%補飼，80% 時間充足） Item Legumes Grasses Barley Forage (%) 1.4-1.7 0.4-0.5 0.07 % in supplement 0 10-20 65 SIGNS OF PHOSPH

5、OROUS DEFICIENCY磷缺乏的征兆Phosphorus (29 g/d for 500 kg lactating cow)磷缺乏的征兆020406080100Probability (%) of deficiencyAlfalfaCloverNativeBromeTimothyBarleyPhosphorus (supplement at 0.5% of intake; adequate 80% of time)磷（按采食0.5%補充，80% 時間充足）Item Legumes Grasses Barley Forage (%) 0.21 0.12-0.17 0.38 % in su

6、pplement 11 24-29 0 Phosphorus: Benefit to cost ratioItemExtra gainGrowingsteers (0.1lb/g P)Cows (25lb/4 g P in150 days)Cost (cents/g P)0.210.21Benefit (cents/g P;gain =$1/lb)106.25Benefit:cost ratio48:130:1磷：效益和成本比率Magnesium (26 g/d for 600 kg lactating cow) 鎂（600公斤秘乳母牛26克/天）LegumeGrassCerealGrain0

7、20406080100Probability (%) of deficiencyLegumeGrassCerealGrain0.10%0.20%缺乏： 母牛：缺鎂癥-低血鎂、減少采食、神經(jīng)過敏、肌肉顫動、四肢抽搐、死亡（需求0.1對0.2%）Magnesium (supplement at 0.5% intake; adequate 80% of time; 0.2% requirement) 鎂（按采食0.5%補充，80% 時間充足，需求0.2%）Item Legumes Grasses Barley Forage (%) 0.30 0.16 0.14 % in supplement 0 2

8、2 15 Winter Tetany Grass Tetany冬季抽搐病和青草缺鎂病 鎂的缺乏是由于：日料中鎂太少日料中鉀太多 太多鉀可能會引起產(chǎn)乳熱（鈣缺乏）Winter Tetany Grass Tetany冬季抽搐病和青草缺鎂病當鎂需求滿足或超過會發(fā)生 抽搐比率=鉀（鈣+鎂）少于（）2.2是可以的 大于2.2會引起抽搐問題TRACE MINERALS微量礦物質(zhì)Trace Elements: Probability Of eficiency微量元素：缺乏的可能性CopIronMangSelenZinc020406080100Probability (%) of deficiencyCopIronMangSelenZincLegumesGrassCerealGrains普遍缺乏鈷、 銅、碘、錳、硒和鋅Trace Mineral Supplementation Pregnant Cow Recommeneded (mg/kg) Copper 10 Iron 50 Mang