被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解資料

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解語法點(diǎn)撥一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語 態(tài)共有兩種： 態(tài)和語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的 者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的 者。一般說來，只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。漢語往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來表示被動(dòng)意義。They didn ' t offer Ann the job.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))Ann was n' t offered the job.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))安沒得到這份工作。二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞 + 及物動(dòng)詞的 ''構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的日匚態(tài)變化只改變的形式， E分不變。三、 各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)

2、語態(tài)舉例(以動(dòng)詞do為例)1 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(+done2 .般過去時(shí)(+done)3 . 一般 將來時(shí) 與過去 將來時(shí)(+done/be+done)4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí) (+done/+done)5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (+ done)6. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：1、不知道或沒有必要指出誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The old bridge was built many years ago.這座古橋是許多年前建造的。2、強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者由by引導(dǎo)置于謂語動(dòng)詞之后，也可省略。Your plan is co nsidered to be the

3、 best.你的計(jì)劃被認(rèn)為是最好的。3、動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是無生命的事物。The whole village has bee n washed away by the flood.整個(gè)村莊都被洪水沖走了。四、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)1、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的步驟：(1) 將主動(dòng)句的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，如果主動(dòng)句的賓語是代詞，需變?yōu)橹鞲?2) 將動(dòng)詞改為“ be+過去分詞”，be與新主語的人稱和數(shù)一致，時(shí)態(tài)不 變。_(3) 將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語前加 by放在謂語動(dòng)詞后，如果原主語是代詞，要 變?yōu)橘e格。2、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)：(1) 含有雙賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語的句子，每個(gè)賓語都可變?yōu)楸?動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語

4、，即其被動(dòng)語態(tài)有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語作主語。Jack told us the truth.杰克告訴了我們真相。We were told the truth by Jack.The truth was told (to) us by Jack.(2) 含有賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子，變成被動(dòng)句后原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語就成 了主語補(bǔ)足語了；注意：不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)要加上to。make /see/feel/hear/ no tice sb.do sth.I heard Emily sing the song just now. f Emily was heard to si ng

5、the song just now. 我剛才聽見艾米莉唱這首歌了。(3) 動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意某些連系動(dòng)詞，如：look, feel, smell , sound, prove 等。(4) 不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如 happen, cost . An accident happened yesterday.昨天發(fā)生了一起事故。鞏固練習(xí)1. Hesome pieces of advice, but heto them.A. gave, didn' t listenB. was given, wasn' t listenedC. give, wasn ' t liste

6、nedD. was given, didn' t listen2. A lot of tall buildingsin his hometownin the last threeyears.A. have set up B. have bee n set upC. were set up D. set up3. Great changesplace. Many new schools.A. have take n, have bee n ope nedB. take, are ope nC. are taken, openD. have been taken, are opened4.

7、 We can ' t use the bridge now, because it.A. has been repairedB. is repairingC. is repaired D. is beingrepaired5. Ithe way to the railway stati on by a policema n.A. was show nB. showed C. have show n D. was show ing6. The war the old soldier remembers very wellin 1941.A. broke outB. had bee n

8、broke n outC. was broke n outD. had broke n out7. Whe n water, it will be cha nged into vapour.A. is heatedB. heati ng C. has heatedD. heatsA. locked B. locksC. is lockedD. is lock ing8. Theyday and ni ght,A. are made workC. made to be worked9. Man-made satellitesso they had no time to stay with the

9、ir families.B. are made to workD. are making to workinto space by many coun tries.A. was sent upB. is sent upC. have bee n sent upD. has bee n sent up10. A stra nge thi ngin our school yesterday.A. was happe ned B. has bee n happe nedC. happe nedD. was going to happe n被動(dòng)練習(xí)（二）11. It is said that anot

10、her new car factory now. Yeah. It one and a half years.A. is building ； is takenB. is being built； will takeC. is built ； will takeD. is being built； takes12. What do you think of this kind of TV set, which in Shanghai? Well, I don ' t care such things.A. was madeB. is made C. has been made D. h

11、ad been made13. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told ； washesB. have been told； washesC. was told ； washedD. have been told； is washed14. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served15. The new dictionaries are v

12、ery useful. They well and already.A. sell, have been sold outB. sold, had sold outC. sell, sellout D. are sold, have been sold out16. The train arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late.A. was about toC. was supposed toB. was likely toD. was proved to17. The teacher told country.his students that the

13、y to be useful men to theA. were all expectedC. all were expectedB. were all expectingD. all expected18. Why did you leave that position?I a better position at IBM.D. was offeredA. offerB. offeredC. am offered19. All the employees except the manager to work online at home.A. encourages B. encourageC

14、. is encouragedD. are encouraged20 A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered21. Hundreds of jobs if the factory closes.A. lose B. will be lostC. are lost D. will lost22. Where did you go last night? I to go to Li Lei's birthday party.A. invited B. am invited C. have been asked D. was invited23.I think high school students should pocket money. They can buytheir favorite school things.A. be giving B. have given C. give D. be givenH把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)1. I