William-Faulkner-PPT課件

1、1William FaulknerSept 25, 1897 July 6, 1962 2Childhood Born in New Albany, Mississippi in 1897. Moved to Oxford, Mississippi (prototype（原型）（原型） of Yoknapatawpha約克納帕塔法郡約克納帕塔法郡, the setting of most of his works) at the age of 5. He grew up as the eldest son of four brothers. He hoped to aspire to be l

2、ike his great-grandfather, a writer as well. 3“約克納帕塔法世約克納帕塔法世系系” 威廉威廉?？思{一生共寫了福克納一生共寫了19部長篇小說與近百篇短篇部長篇小說與近百篇短篇小說，其中小說，其中15部長篇與絕大多數(shù)短篇的故事都發(fā)生在部長篇與絕大多數(shù)短篇的故事都發(fā)生在約克納帕塔法縣，稱為約克納帕塔法縣，稱為約克納帕塔法世系約克納帕塔法世系這個(gè)這個(gè)“世系世系”以美國南方幾個(gè)莊園主世家的榮辱興衰為主線，表現(xiàn)以美國南方幾個(gè)莊園主世家的榮辱興衰為主線，表現(xiàn)了一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來美國南方社會(huì)的歷史命運(yùn)、社會(huì)變遷了一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來美國南方社會(huì)的歷史命運(yùn)、社會(huì)變遷以及各階層人物

3、的起伏沉浮，寫出了美國南方地區(qū)的以及各階層人物的起伏沉浮，寫出了美國南方地區(qū)的典型特征，具有濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土氣息典型特征，具有濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土氣息。約克納帕塔法是福。約克納帕塔法是?？思{克納作品的標(biāo)志作品的標(biāo)志，是文學(xué)史上有名的，是文學(xué)史上有名的虛構(gòu)虛構(gòu)地點(diǎn)之一，地點(diǎn)之一，原型是他故鄉(xiāng)所在的拉斐特郡（原型是他故鄉(xiāng)所在的拉斐特郡（Lafayette）。）。 4As a Young Man 1919,university of Mississippi, after three semesters he dropped out. He had always dreamed of becoming a pilot

4、 in the army however was declined because of his height. ( 55”) He later became a member of the Royal Canadian Air Force. He remained in this Canadian Air Force through World War I but never saw flying time in combat.5Adulthood For twenty years he worked in Hollywood writing several screen plays lik

5、e Today We Live (1933) and Land of the Pharaos (1955) and producing many novels and short stories. He later worked in Hollywood with Howard Hawks, a movie director who became a friend of him.6Faulkner in Hollywood:1930sIn the university of Virginia campus7The End of His Life Faulkner died July 6th,

6、1962 after suffering from a coronary occlusion (心肌梗塞心肌梗塞) Up to his death he worked as a Writer-In-Residence at the University of Virginia in 1957. The United States Postal Service issued a first-class 22-cent stamp commemorating his life and stint as a postmaster. 8Major Works:vOxford, poems - pros

7、ev1924 The Mirble Faun 云石牧神云石牧神v1925, first novel Soldiers Pay 軍餉軍餉vThe Sound and the Fury 喧囂與騷動(dòng)喧囂與騷動(dòng)v1930 As I lay Dying 我彌留之際我彌留之際v1931 Sanctuary 圣殿圣殿v1932 Light in August 八月之光八月之光v1936 Absalom, Absalom! 押沙龍！押沙龍！押沙龍！押沙龍！9v1942 Go Down, Moses 去吧，摩西去吧，摩西v1948: Intruder in the Dust 墳?zāi)沟年J入者墳?zāi)沟年J入者 v1946

8、:The Portable Faulkner袖珍本?？思{選袖珍本?？思{選集集vA Rose for Emily獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰vTrilogy of the Snopes familyThe Hamlet (1940) 村子村子The Town (1957) 小鎮(zhèn)小鎮(zhèn)The Mansion (1959)大宅大宅vShort Story collection: The Unvanquished沒有被征服的人沒有被征服的人(1938)10AwardsOne of three finalists for the first Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine

9、Award(1946). Nobel Prize Winner(1949)Pulitzer Winner twice:A Fable(1955)The Reivers(1963)4. National Book Awards twice:Collected Stories(1951)A Fable(1955)5. O. Henry Short Story Prize. William Faulkner won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1949. 11 Themes: 1 History and race He explains the present

10、by examining the past, by telling the stories of several generations of family to show how history changes life. He was interested in the relationship between blacks and whites, especially concerned about the problems of the people who were of the mixed race of black and white, unacceptable to both

11、races. 2 Deterioration(墮落）墮落） 3 Conflicts between generations, classes, races, man and environment 4 Horror, violence and the abnormal12Features of His Works a. complex plot b. stream of consciousness c. characterization: he was able to probe into the psychology of characters d. violation of chronol

12、ogy（年表，年（年表，年代學(xué)）代學(xué)） e. courtroom rhetoric: formal language 13 f. multiple narrations and time shifts within narrative., circular form g. long and embedded sentences, full of interruptions， complex syntax（ most noticeable feature ） h. “Anti-hero”: weak, vulnerable（有弱點(diǎn)的） (true people in modern society

13、) 14Fame: an American novelist and poet whose works feature his native state of Mississippi regarded as one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century one of the leading American writers in the literary history of the United States. a representative of the writers using stream of consc

14、iousness15“Barn Burning” a short story by the American author William Faulkner which first appeared in Harpers in 1939 and has since been widely anthologized. The story deals The story deals with class conflicts, the influence of fathers, and vengeance as viewed through the third-person perspective

15、of a young, impressionable child. Setting: Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi, about 30 years after the Civil War (1861-65), thus, in the 1890s. 16Characters: Colonel Sartoris Snopes (“Sarty”) - protagonist （主角） Abner Snopes patriarch（家長） of the Snopes family, Antagonist Lennie Snopes wife of Abner a

16、nd mother of Sarty Lizzie unmarried sister of Lennie Snopes Major de Spain - Snopess employer17Plot summary: Abner Snopes, the father of young “Sarty” Snopes, is being driven out of town after burning down his landlords barn. In the court case that opens the story and in which Sarty is initially cal

17、led to testify, no palpable proof can point to Abner as the culprit（罪犯）（罪犯）, but the Snopes family is ordered to leave the country. They move to a new place where Abner is to work as a sharecropper（佃農(nóng)）（佃農(nóng)） for Major de Spain, but Abner cannot seem to control his pyromania（縱火癖）（縱火癖） and hatred for so

18、ciety. .18 Shortly after arriving at his new position, Abner visits Major de Spains house and tracks horse droppings on a blond rug. Major de Spain orders Abner to clean the rug, which he does by using a harsh lye soap, ruining the rug beyond repair, before throwing the rug onto Major de Spains fron

19、t porch. Major de Spain levies on（征稅，扣押）（征稅，扣押） Abner a fine of 20 bushels（英斗）（英斗） of corn against the price of the rug. At court, a Justice of the Peace reduces the fine to ten bushels of corn. Feeling once again wronged, Abner makes preparations to set fire to Major de Spains barn. 19 Sarty warns

20、Major de Spain of his fathers intentions to burn down his barn and then flees in the direction of his father. He is soon overtaken by Major de Spain on his horse and jumps into the ditch to get out of the way. Sarty hears two gun shots, but who gets shot is never revealed; the father and the brother

21、 appear in works set after Barn Burning. Profoundly affected by his fathers legacy, the boy does not return to his family but continues on with his life alone.20Ending of the story Sarty assumes that his father is dead. We are not sure. Sarty concludes that his father “was brave,” but the narrator p

22、rotests (1802) Sarty ultimately prepares to enter “the dark woods” (1803), in some ways a typically American ending.21 Family Conflict: Between Son & Father Symbols: Fire: As a barn burner, Abner is associated with fire. Fire as force of civilization and destruction Rug: The destruction of the rug is symbolic of Abners larger rebellion against society Cheese: Cheese is a peculiar symbol, associated wit