Unit5NelsonMandela--period2教案

1、Period 2 A sample plan for Learning about Language(The attributive clause <II> < where, when, why, pre. which/ whom>)IntroductionIn this period students will be helped by the teacher first to discover useful words and expressions, and then to discover and use useful structures: The attri

2、butive clause < II> < where, when, why, pre.which/ whom>Objectives To help students learn to use attributive clauses introduced by where, when, why, and prep.+ which/ whom To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions To help students discover and learn to

3、use some useful structuresProcedures1. Warming up by describing yourself with three wordsUse three positive words that describe you. Don't use short, tall, fat, skinny, etc. Don't describe how you look. Use friendly, energetic, positive, something like that. But make sure you can back it up.

4、 If you aren't a friendly person, don't put friendly. Don't tell them you are not, but don't put it if you aren't.Others answers:ethical, empathetic and diligent; flexible, self-motivated, reliable; hardworking, ambitious and optimistic; honest, Confident, Team player Now turn to

5、 page 36 and do exercises No. 1 and 2. Check your answers against your classmates. 2. Reading to findingTurn back to page 34. Read the text of ELIAS STORY and find out all the attributive clauses. Think over this question: On what circumstance do we use when/ where/ why to introduce an attributive c

6、lause? For reference: The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.The school where I studied only tow years was three kilometers away.This was a time when you had got to live in Beijing.The day when Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the ha

7、ppiest days of my life.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.The places where they were sent to live were the poorest areas in South Africa.3. Doing exercises and find out whyTurn to page 36. Do Ex.3. Then

8、 compare the following sentences and find out why we use different words to introduce the attributive clauses while the antecedents are the same.a. The government building where we voted was very grand.b. The government building which/ that we paid a visit to yesterday was very grand.c. The governme

9、nt building in which we voted was very grand.In sentence a), a relative adverb “where” is used because it refers to “in the government building” which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause. “in which” can also be used as in sentence c) because it also means “in the government building” i

10、n the attributive clause. While in sentence b), a relative pronoun “which” is used as it refers to “the government building” which serves as the object of the predicate “visited” in the attributive clause.Compare another three sentences:a. The date when I arrived was the 5th August.b. The date which

11、/ that he told me was the 5th August.c. The date on which I arrived was the 5th August.In sentence a), a relative adverb “when” is used because it refers to “on that date” which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause. “in which” can also be used as in sentence c) because it also means “on

12、 that date” in the attributive clause. While in sentence b), a relative pronoun “which” is used as it refers to “the date” serving as the object of the predicate “told” in the attributive clause.Read the following sentences.a. The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.b. The reason that

13、/ which he gave for getting the job was because of his hard work.c. The reason for which I got a job was because of my hard work.In sentence a), a relative adverb “why” is used because it refers to “for this reason” which serves as the adverbial in the attributive clause. “for which” can also be use

14、d as in sentence c) because it also means “for this reason” in the attributive clause. While in sentence b), a relative pronoun “which/that” is used as it refers to “the reason” serving as the object of the predicate “gave” in the attributive clause.4. Choosing the best answer1. Alec asked the polic

15、eman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. （2004上海秋季）A. with him B. whoC. with whom D. whom2. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. (2004全國秋季)A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom3. The English play _ my students acted at the

16、 New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which4. A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. （2004上海春季）A. which B. where C. there D. what5. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more

17、 time in the shop. （2005上海秋季）A. that B. which C. when D. where6. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.（2001上海秋季）A. where B. which C. while D. why7. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but could

18、nt write a good essay. （2003上海秋季）A. why B. which C. as D. where答案和解析: 1、2兩題的答案分別是C、D。第一句根據(jù)句子意思需選擇介詞with，從而構(gòu)成work with the policeman；第二句根據(jù)句子意思需選擇介詞with，從而構(gòu)成talk with someone。這兩句句子中的關(guān)系代詞作定語從句中的介詞with的賓語，指人，而介詞with又位于它的前面，這時就只能用whom。3題答案是C。根據(jù)句子意思需選擇介詞in，從而構(gòu)成act in the play。關(guān)系代詞在此是指play，指物，因此選擇in which。

19、注意：如果定語從句謂語動詞為介詞動詞，那么介詞必須后置，不能與動詞拆開置于關(guān)系代詞前面。如：It is not necessary to look up in a dictionary every word (that) we come across in our reading. The boy wont tell us the thing (which) he is afraid of. 4題答案是B。這是一句限制性定語從句，關(guān)系副詞指代in a fast food restaurant，指地點，因此選擇where。5題答案是D。這里的關(guān)系副詞指代on chairs，指地點，因此選擇whe

20、re。6題答案是A。根據(jù)句意“他使得自己處于非常危險的境況中，（在這個境況中）他可能失去對飛機的控制”，所選擇的關(guān)聯(lián)詞應(yīng)該在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示in the situation。7題答案是D。定語從句的先行詞cases在此意為“實例，情況”，根據(jù)從句的意思“在這些例子中（情境中）”，先行詞在從句中應(yīng)該擔當狀語成分，表示in many cases。注意：where這個詞不僅僅可以表地點，某人/物的情況、某事發(fā)展的階段、某事的某個方面都可以用where這個關(guān)系副詞來表達。如：I work in a business where almost everyone is waiting for a

21、 great success. The accident had reached to a point where both their parents were to be called in. 5. Summing up when/where/why attributive clauses when， where， why屬于關(guān)系副詞，都在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中充當狀語，其具體用法如下：1. 關(guān)系副詞 when引導(dǎo)定語從句（包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句）修飾表示時間的先行詞，在定語從句中充當時間狀語。例如：I still remember the day when I first me

22、t Jennifer.我仍然記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。Next month, when youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下個月即將來臨， 屆時你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。2. 關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句（包括限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句）修飾表示地點的先行詞，在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語。例如：This is the office where he worked. 這就是他工作過的辦公室。She is going to live in Macao, where she has some clo

23、se friends. 她要到澳門去定居，在那里她有幾個密友。3. 關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句修飾先行詞reason，在定語從句中充當原因狀語。例如：I dont know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。That is the reason why I dont want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。He didnt tell me the reason why he was so upset.他沒有告訴我他為什么那樣心煩意亂。注意： 關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞之間并非毫無關(guān)聯(lián)， 兩者之間存在密切的聯(lián)系。在備考中尤其要注意以下

24、幾點：1. 很多情況下關(guān)系副詞用“介詞which/whom”來代替，其中的介詞由先行詞或定語從句中謂語動詞的形式來決定，例如：The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life. = The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.見到這位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。I shall never forget those years when I lived with her. = I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her. 我將永遠不會忘記我跟她生活的那些歲月。This is a hall where the medical conference will be held. = This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held. 這是禮堂，醫(yī)學會議將在此召開。2. 并非先行詞表示時間或地點時都分別用w