2012月12月六級考試真題第二套作文及聽力答案解析

1、2012年12月六級考試真題（第二套）作文及聽力答案解析Part I Writing【審 題】寫作提示要求通過評論“真正的危險不是電腦會像人一樣思考，而是人將像電腦一樣思考”這句話寫一篇題為“人與電腦”的作文。寫作時可以先評論這句話是否有道理，然后給出自己的理由，最后小結(jié)。【思路一】第一段：引用引文，擺出自己的觀點：隨著計算機產(chǎn)業(yè)和人工智能的發(fā)展，越來越多的人擔心電腦會像人一樣思考，威脅到人類。但是，就像引言所說的，真正的危險其實是人像電腦那樣思考。 第二段：給出理由：1、現(xiàn)在人們越來越依賴電腦，日益喪失批判性思考的能力，這跟電腦無異，對社會進步不利；2、人們花在電腦上的時間太多，與人的交流和

2、互動太少，表情逐漸僵化，行為像機器，對人類的發(fā)展有害。 第三段：提出建議：減少對電腦的依賴?！痉段囊弧縈an and Computer(1) With the development of computer industry and (2) artificial intelligence, more and more people are concerned that the computer will begin to think like man and pose a new challenge to humanity. (3) However, in my opinion, just a

3、s the saying goes, “the real danger is not that the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer”.(4) Nowadays, with the increasing (5) reliance on the computer, some people gradually lose the ability to think critically and flexibly. They begin to think

4、the same way as the computer, which is dangerous to the advancement of the society. (4) Besides, many people spend so long in front of the cold screen that they have little time communicating and interacting with people in real life. As time goes by, they become (6) poker-faced, acting just like a m

5、achine, which will harm the development of human as a social creature.(7) To avoid thinking like the computer, we should reduce our heavy (5) dependence on it. (7) We should always (6) keep in mind that the computer is only a useful tool for us, and that we can always think of better and more humane

6、 ways of coping with our needs or problems.【點 評】(1) 交代背景，為下面的論述做鋪墊(2) 電腦的另一種說法：“人工智能”(3) 給出自己的觀點，同時引出引文(4) 給出兩個理由，層次分明(5) 都表示“依賴”，表達多樣化(6) 亮點詞語：“面無表情的”“記住”(7) 結(jié)合上文，提出兩個建議，有針對性【思路二】第一段：簡述電腦深入人們的生活，對電腦的依賴引發(fā)人們的擔憂，引出引文“真正的危險不是電腦會像人一樣思考，而是人將像電腦一樣思考”。第二段：評論引文：引文所說有一定的道理，并給出兩個原因：1、久坐電腦前會讓人面無表情，像機器人一樣。2、遇見問

7、題時過于依賴電腦，導(dǎo)致思維定勢，與機器無異。第三段：轉(zhuǎn)折，指出沒有必要過于擔心，人畢竟是智能的，遇到此類問題總會找到解決辦法。【范文二】Man and Computer(1) The computer has greatly changed the world since its wide spread. (2) It has penetrates into every aspect of peoples daily lives and has become an indispensable part to us. (3) However, some people become so heav

8、ily dependent on computers that people start to worry that “the real danger is not that the computer will think like man, but man will think like the computer.”(4) There is indeed some truth in the worry. (4) For one thing, many people spend a very long time (5) fixing their eyes on the screen and t

9、hus have less time to interact with others face to face. This, according to a research, may lead to a poker face and interpersonal isolation. (4) For another, whenever they have problems, many people tend to turn to a computer instead of (6) figuring them out themselves. Their creativity in thinking

10、 and flexibility in (6) handling problems have been gradually lost as time goes by.(7) It is unnecessary, however, to (8) be overwhelmed by the negative impacts of computers. After all, we humans are intelligent and will be able to figure out better ways to make improvements.【點 評】(1) 引出話題(2) 闡述電腦的影響

11、，為下文的論述做鋪墊(3) 轉(zhuǎn)折，引出引文(4) 采用“總分”結(jié)構(gòu)，脈絡(luò)清晰(5) “緊盯著屏幕”，描述很形象(6) “解決”的兩種表達(7) 轉(zhuǎn)折，給出另一種觀點，觀點更全面(8) 亮點表達：“被嚇倒，感到不知所措”Section A 11. M: Id like to go camping with you this weekend, but I dont have a sleeping bag. W: No problem. You can count on me to get one for you. My family has tons of camping gear. Q: Wha

12、t does the woman mean?11.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中的weekend，sleeping bag，camping gear等提示，對話可能與周末出去野營有關(guān)。A)說的是她可以找男士幫忙，C)說的是她可以幫男士，兩者意思相反，根據(jù)命題規(guī)律，A)或C)為答案的可能性大?！窘?析】選C)。對話中男士說很樂意周末跟女士去野營但沒睡袋。女士回答說沒問題，男士可以找她要（You can count on me），因為她家有很多野營用具。由此可知，女士會借睡袋給男士，故答案為C)。count on意為“依靠，指望”。12. M: I know I promised to drive you t

13、o the airport next Thursday, but Im afraid something has come up. Theyve called a special meeting at work. W: No big deal. Karen said she was available as a back-up. Q: What does the woman mean?12.【聽前預(yù)測】從A)和B)中的The man should，keep his words，She regrets，asking the man for help推測，對話可能與男士沒有實現(xiàn)幫助女士的承諾有關(guān)，

14、女士的話為聽音重點。從Karen supports，Karen can等推測，Karen幫助了女士?！窘?析】選D)。對話中男士說自己要開會無法實現(xiàn)送女士去機場的承諾。從女士回答中提到的“沒事兒，Karen說她可以幫我”可知，Karen會送女士去機場，故答案為D)。back-up在這里意為“提供支持或幫助的人”。13. W: Have you saved enough money for a trip to Hawaii? M: Not even close. My uncle must put the brakes on my traveling plans. Q: What does th

15、e man mean?13.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的Hawaii和trip提示，對話與去夏威夷旅行有關(guān)。A)(他還沒錢去旅行)暗含的是男士還沒去夏威夷，D)(去夏威夷已經(jīng)用光了他所有的錢)暗含的是男士已去夏威夷，兩者意思相反，其中之一可能為答案。【解 析】選A)。對話中女士問男士是否已經(jīng)攢夠去夏威夷的錢。男士回答說還沒影兒呢(Not even close)，叔叔阻止自己的旅行計劃，故答案為A)。put the brakes on sth.意為“阻止某事的發(fā)生”。14. M: Im starving. Do we still have any pie left from dinner yes

16、terday?W: Oh, Julie invited her friends over in the afternoon and they ate it all. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 14.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的dinner及pie，find something else to eat，prepare等提示，對話與晚餐及食物有關(guān)?！窘?析】選B)。對話中男士說自己很餓，問女士昨晚剩下的餡餅還有沒有。女士回答說Julie今天下午邀請朋友來家里，把餅都給吃了。由此可知，男士只能找別的東西吃了，故答案為B)。15. W: Th

17、ree letters of recommendation are required to apply to graduate schools. I was wondering if the one Prof. Smith wrote for me last year could still be used. M: Its a bit dated. Youd better submit a recent one. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 15.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的letter（letter of reference）及Sub

18、mit，Present，Apply，graduate schools等提示，對話與申請研究生學(xué)習(xí)的推薦信有關(guān)?！窘?析】選B)。對話中女士說申請研究生學(xué)習(xí)要三封推薦信，不知道去年Smith教授幫寫的推薦信還能不能用。從男士回答說的“信有些過時了。你最好提交近期寫的推薦信”可知，男士建議女士提交新的推薦信，故答案為B)。present在這里與submit同義，都意為“提交”。16. W: Ive noticed that you spend a lot of time tending your garden. Would you like to join our gardening club?

19、We meet every other Wednesday. M: Oh, thanks for the invitation, but this is how I relax. Id rather not make it something formal and structured. Q: What can we infer about the man? 16.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的(his) gardening (skills)及He declines，prefers，wishes等提示，對話與園藝有關(guān)，男士的話為聽音重點。【解 析】選A)。對話中女士問男士是否愿意加入她們的園藝俱

20、樂部(Would you like to join our gardening club?)一聽到男士回答的Oh, thanks for the invitation, but(噢，謝謝你的邀請，但是)便可知，男士拒絕加入園藝俱樂部，故答案為A)。對話雖長，但只需抓住關(guān)鍵的信息便可選對答案。17. M: I heard the recent sculpture exhibit was kind of disappointing. W: Thats right. I guess a lot of other people feel the way I do about modern art. Q

21、: What does the woman mean?17.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了modern art，Sculpture，結(jié)合cannot express，not well organized等推測，對話與現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)和雕塑有關(guān)，可能是對現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)和雕塑的評價?！窘?析】選D)。對話中男士說他聽說最近的雕塑展有些令人失望。女士表示贊成，并說對于現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)，其他很多人都和她有相同的看法，言外之意是，她對雕塑等現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)很失望，很多人也失望，即都不喜歡現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)，故答案為D)。18. M: Bob is running for chairman of the student union. Would

22、you vote for him? W: Oh, I cant decide right now because I have to find out more about the other candidates. Q: What does the woman mean? 18.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了Bob和vote，結(jié)合She，vote for another candidate，cannot count on her vote等推測，對話可能是關(guān)于女士投票給別人而不是Bob，女士的話為聽音重點?！窘?析】選C)。對話中男士問女士是否會投票給Bob，從女士所說的I cant deci

23、de right now及給出的理由“因為我得多了解一下其他候選人”可知，Bob不一定能得到女士的投票，故答案為C)。Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneW: I dont know what to do. 19 I cant seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just look at it.M: Hmm, uh, are you try

24、ing to say that it presents a health hazard?W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it, but they are trying to cut costs.M: You are pregnant, arent you?W: Yes, I am. 20 I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another depar

25、tment, but he urged me not to complain too loudly, because the administration is more likely to replace me than the X-ray equipment. Im afraid to refuse to work, but Im more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn y

26、ou that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines, and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.W: Oh, what am I supposed to do then?M: 21 Workers have the legal rights to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws: the Occupati

27、onal Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet.W: Do you think I have a good case?M: 22 If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back payyour lost income. But you have to be p

28、repared for a long wait, maybe up to two years.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中的work place，workload，job等提示，對話與工作有關(guān)。Hospital，medical testing，X-ray equipment，Poor management，health hazard，Transfer，leave，loss等提示，該工作與醫(yī)院有關(guān)，對話可能涉及在醫(yī)院工作時遇到的問題、解決的方案等。Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do

29、es the woman complain about?【預(yù)測】選項均為名詞短語，其中的Poor management，hospital，health hazard，outdated procedures等提示，本題與某種問題有關(guān)，hospital和medical testing提示，該問題發(fā)生在醫(yī)院?！窘馕觥窟xB)。從對話中女士一開始說的“我似乎無法在醫(yī)院里找到一個能傾聽我投訴（complaint）的人，而這個舊設(shè)備是很危險的”可知，女士在進行投訴。從男士緊接著的問題“你是不是在說這個設(shè)備對健康有害（present a health hazard）？”及后面的內(nèi)容可知，女士懷孕了，她投訴的是

30、自己所工作的醫(yī)院的設(shè)備對身體的危害，故答案為B)。對話開頭處容易成為考點，聽音時應(yīng)留意。20. What has the woman asked her supervisor to do?【預(yù)測】選項中的Transfer，another department，Cut down， workload，Allow，leave等提示，本題與工作的變動有關(guān)，結(jié)合前一題猜測，本題可能是考查如何解決工作上的問題?！窘馕觥窟xA)。對話中女士提到I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department（我曾努力讓主管調(diào)我

31、到別的部門），可知，她曾要求主管把自己調(diào)到別的部門，故答案為A)。問題中的asked her supervisor to對應(yīng)女士說的ask my supervisor to。21. What does the man say about the two federal laws? 【預(yù)測】選項中的impossible to enforce(很難實行)，Neither is applicable(一個也不適用)，womens case(女士的案件)等提示，They可能指的是兩部法律或法規(guī)，本題可能考查它們的執(zhí)行等問題。【解析】選D)。對話中男士提到員工有權(quán)依照兩部聯(lián)邦法律（under two f

32、ederal laws）拒絕某些不安全的工作任務(wù)，隨后用But轉(zhuǎn)折指出，這兩部法律的要求可能很難達到（the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet），D)是對此的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故為答案。22. What will the union do if the woman loses her job? 【預(yù)測】選項中的Organizestrike，Compensateloss，help her get it back，F(xiàn)ind her，a better paying job等提示，本題可能考查某個機構(gòu)在女士丟工作時怎么做?！?/p>

33、解析】選C)。對話結(jié)尾處男士說，如果女士真的因此丟了工作，工會會盡力幫她把工作要回來（If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you），由此可知，答案為C)。條件處為常考點，聽音時應(yīng)留意。Conversation TwoW: Mr. Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?M: Well, I think its both an art and a science. 23 You can prepare for a negotiation q

34、uite scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with ones artistic quality. The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy. What do you want out of it? What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. How do you go about it? Do you take an op

35、ening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And then of course there are the behavioral aspects.W: What do you mean by the behavioral aspects?M: Well, thats I think where the art comes in. 24 In your behavior, you can either be an actor. You can pretend

36、that you dont like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type negotiator whos known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight. But the artistic part of negotiati

37、on I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic quality comes in.W: So really, you see two types of negotiator then, the actor or the honest one.M: Thats right. 25 And both can

38、 work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances. In other circumstances you need an actor.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中的stating your terms，arguments，rivals，negotiations等提示，對話與談判有關(guān)。In the concluding part ，preparatory phase，behaves，straightforward， responds readily，The honest type，Th

39、e actor type等提示，對話中可能談及談判的階段、談判者的表現(xiàn)、類型等。Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man?【預(yù)測】選項均以“In+doing”開頭，結(jié)合part和phase提示，本題可能是考查某件事情在什么情況下或什么時候發(fā)生?！窘馕觥窟xD)。對話中女士問男士是否可以說談判是一門藝術(shù)。男士說它既是一門藝術(shù)也是一門科

40、學(xué)，可以以科學(xué)的方式來準備談判（prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically），但談判的具體實施則更多地與一個人的藝術(shù)素養(yǎng)有關(guān)。由此可知，男士覺得在談判的準備階段，科學(xué)方法最能被體現(xiàn)出來，故答案為D)。24. In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man?【預(yù)測】選項中的behaves，presents，straightforward，responds readily以及arguments，the other partys proposals等提示，本題考查He在談判

41、中的行為表現(xiàn)。A)和B)意思相反，兩者之一為答案的可能性大?！窘馕觥窟xA)。對話中男士提到，在談判時可以像演員那樣。比如你實際很喜歡某種東西，在談判時你可以假裝自己不喜歡這種東西，而不喜歡的東西你也可以假裝喜歡，即表現(xiàn)得和自己的真實想法相反，故答案為A)。A)是對男士的話的概括。25. What does the man say about the two types of negotiator?【預(yù)測】選項中的The honest type，the actor type Both may fail/can succeed，innegotiations等提示，本題考查誠實型和演員型在談判中的成

42、功或失敗情況?！窘馕觥窟xC)。對話中男士提到，兩種類型都可能成功。誠實的談判者在有些情況會讓人印象深刻，有效果，而在有些情況下則需要演員型談判者。由此可知，根據(jù)不同的情況，兩種類型的談判者都可能成功，故答案為C)。對話結(jié)尾處容易成為考點，聽音時應(yīng)留意。Section BPassage OneA scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and a half months old children. The test is a simple one. The baby watches a sort of show on

43、a small stage. In Act One of the show, a yellow cube is lifted from a blue box, and moved across the stage. Then it is returned to the box. This is repeated 6 times. 26 Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller. Baby boys do not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube

44、. But girls immediately become excited. 27 The scientists interpret the girls excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen. They are wondering why Act Two is odd and how it differs from Act One. In other words, the little girls are reasoning. This experiment certainly

45、 does not definitely prove that girls start to reason before boys, but 28 it provides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully. Already it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls. Perhaps it is early nerve development that makes some infant girls show mo

46、re intelligence than infant boys. 29 Scientists have also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls: baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do. Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this. They believe that the nerve endings in the left side of the brain devel

47、op faster in girls than in boys, and it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individuals ability to use language and remember things.【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的Boys，Girls，study，objects以及process，reasoning，nerve system，language，brain，develop，bones mature，talk等提示，短文可能與針對男孩和女孩的研究有關(guān)，可能涉及研究的過程、對象、男孩和女

48、孩的身體、思維、語言發(fā)展的情況等。Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What is the difference between Act One and Act Two in the test? 【預(yù)測】選項中的shape，size，weight以及cubes，objects， boxes提示，本題跟某種物體的外形有關(guān)?！窘馕觥窟xB)。短文中介紹了一個科學(xué)小組在研究11個半月兒童的思維能力。測試很簡單。讓嬰兒看臺上的展示。在展示的第一幕，把一個黃方塊從一個藍色的盒子中拿起來后在臺上移動第二幕與

49、第一幕相似，只是黃色的方塊小一些（Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller）。由此可知，兩幕之間的不同在于方塊（即所展示的物體）的大小，故答案為B)。27. How do the scientists interpret their observation from the experiment? 【預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的Boys，Girls，than提示，本題考查男孩和女孩之間的比較?！窘馕觥窟xC)。短文中提到，男嬰對方塊的不同沒有什么反應(yīng)。女嬰一看到不同就興奮起來?？茖W(xué)家將女孩的興奮解釋為這些小女孩在進行推理（the

50、 little girls are reasoning），即觀察結(jié)果顯示女孩似乎比男孩更早開始進行推理，故答案為C)。In other words意為“換句話說，也就是說”。28. What does the speaker say about the experiment? 【預(yù)測】選項中的It，a breakthrough，study，stimulate，further studies，Its finding，contrary等提示，It指某項研究，本題可能考查該研究的影響或作用?！窘馕觥窟xB)。短文中提到，這項試驗提供了一個線索，科學(xué)家想更仔細地研究（This experimentpro

51、vides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully）。即，這項試驗可能會促使科學(xué)家們進行深入的研究，故答案為B)。轉(zhuǎn)折處為?？键c，聽音時應(yīng)留意。29. According to scientists, what is another advantage given to girls by nature? 【預(yù)測】選項中的brain，develop，better able to adapt，bones mature earlier等提示，本題考查They在發(fā)育或發(fā)展上的優(yōu)勢?！窘馕觥窟xD)。短文中提到，科學(xué)家還發(fā)現(xiàn)，女孩

52、似乎天生就有另一個優(yōu)勢。通常小女孩比小男孩會早說話（Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do），故答案為D)。Passage Two30As superintendent of the city municipal building, Delia Sedano, was responsible for presenting its new security plan to the public. City employees, citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to hea

53、r her describe the plan. After outlining the main points she would cover, she assured the audience that she would be happy to answer questions at the end of her presentation. Delia realized the plan was expensive and potentially controversial, so she was not surprised to see a number of hands go up

54、as soon as she finished speaking. 31 An employee asked, “Will the new system create long lines to get into the building like the lines at airport security checks?” Delia had anticipated this question and had an answer ready. After repeating the question, she explained that the sufficient number of s

55、ecurity guards would be working at peak hours to speed things along. 32 The next question was more confrontational: “Where was the money come from to pay for all of this?” The journalist who asked the question seemed hostile, but Delia was careful not to adopt the defensive tone. She stated that the

56、 money would come from the citys general budget. “I know these are tide times,” she added, “but everyone agrees that its important to safeguard our employees and members of the public who come into the building.” Near the end of the 25 minutes she had set, Delia said she would take two more question

57、s. When those were finished, she concluded the session with a brief restatement of how the new system would improve security and peace of mind in the municipal building. 【聽前預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了municipal building和security，結(jié)合security plan，security checks，whether，necessary，How to trainsecurity guards等推測，短文與市政大樓

58、的安保有關(guān)，可能涉及安保計劃、安檢、安保方面的問題等。Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What is the focus of Delia Sedanos presentation? 【預(yù)測】選項中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)了city，municipal，new，結(jié)合plan，blueprint，general budget等推測，本題與某個城市未來的安排有關(guān)?！窘馕觥窟xA)。短文開頭提到，Delia Sedano是市政大樓的管理員（superintendent），負責(zé)向公眾講解該樓實施的新的安保計劃（presenting its new security plan），即Delia Sedano的演講主題是市政大樓的新安保計劃，