初二英語閱讀理解與完形填空練習(xí)

1、 初二英語閱讀理解與完形填空教案 閱讀理題型介紹： 1.選擇答案型閱讀理解 2.判斷誤型閱讀理解 3.完成句子型閱讀理解 4.回答問題型閱讀理解 閱讀理解解題指導(dǎo)： 1. 客觀信息題 所謂“客觀信息”，是指在短文中客觀存在的事實(shí)，客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原 文中找到。在有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)推算的試題中，根據(jù)短文所提供的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行必要的運(yùn)算時(shí)所涉及的數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)一般都比較簡(jiǎn)單，關(guān)鍵在于理解原文。 2. 主觀判斷題 一般來說，這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案，必須根據(jù)原文提供的有關(guān)信息，進(jìn)行合理的推理和判斷才能回答。完成主觀判斷題能常應(yīng)注意以下四點(diǎn)： （1運(yùn)用常識(shí),合理判斷 2根據(jù)情景，進(jìn)行猜測(cè) (3）利用情

2、景，舉一反三（4）縱觀全文，概括大意 3. 細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題 文章的中心思想或主題是通過一系列的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)來說明和支持的，要透徹地理解段落、文章的中心思想，就必須理解文章中的重要事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)。只有真正理解了全部細(xì)節(jié)， 才能深刻地領(lǐng)悟大意，理解短文細(xì)節(jié)分下面三個(gè)步驟： （1）首先找出文章或段落的中心思想。文章的中心思想主要體現(xiàn)在首句和尾句中， 有時(shí)在文中的某一句話當(dāng)中。 （2）尋找重要的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，不是所有的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)都重要，那些與中心思想有關(guān) 的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)才重要。 （3）檢查已確定的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，看它們是否支持中心思想。如果這些事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)不 能支持中心思想，就說明原來所確定的中心思想不明確或者這些事實(shí)和

3、細(xì)節(jié)沒有找準(zhǔn).屬于細(xì)節(jié)類的閱讀理解題一般只針對(duì)某個(gè)特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣，沒有固定 模式。常見的設(shè)題方式有： （1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? （2）All the follow ing statements are not true except. （3）Which of the following facts is not mentioned in the supporing details? 4. 詞匯障礙題 在中考閱讀題中，考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個(gè)：一是被已認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞的某一熟知 含義所誤導(dǎo)；

4、二是被完全不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞的意思所阻礙，從而出現(xiàn)理解偏差或理解困難，影 響閱讀的速度。其實(shí)解決這兩個(gè)困難的一個(gè)重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念， 用上下文去確定詞匯的含義。在閱讀解題時(shí)要注意從以下七個(gè)方面著手： （1）根據(jù)定義或解釋、說明猜測(cè)生詞的詞義 在be，be called，call 等判斷詞出現(xiàn)的判斷句中，可以根據(jù)已知部分，猜測(cè)生詞的含 義。例如A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. 通過理解定語從句的意思，能猜出carpenter 是“木匠”（2）根據(jù)對(duì)

5、比關(guān)系猜測(cè)生詞的詞義 在but，however ，yet，otherwise，though 這些表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中，其 前后的詞有明顯的對(duì)比關(guān)系，根據(jù)已知的內(nèi)容，通過這種對(duì)比關(guān)系，就很容易猜出生詞的 詞義了。例如： Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean 意思相對(duì)的便是“骯臟的”了，因此可猜出句中g(shù)rubby 的意思是“骯臟的” （3）通過因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 because, since 與as 是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞，so 是連接表示結(jié)果的狀語從句

6、的連詞，so.that 與such.that 中的that 是連接結(jié)果狀語從句的。當(dāng)這些信息詞出現(xiàn)在有生 詞的句子中，通過因果關(guān)系，依據(jù)已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如： She wanted the bairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根據(jù)because 從句所講的意思，我們就可推測(cè)trim 就是“修剪”之意 （4 ）根據(jù)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義 運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力，自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及生活常識(shí)。再聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分，可以 正確猜出詞義。例如： Most of the roses are beginning to wi

7、ther because of the cold. 根據(jù)句子意思及生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，wither 表示“枯萎” （5）根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 同等關(guān)系，指的是一個(gè)詞，一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分，而且它們的詞義都屬于 同一范疇。明顯的標(biāo)志是，這樣的詞組或短語中間常常用并列連詞and 或or 來連接。例如： At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 從“年齡42 歲”以及與prime 具有同等關(guān)系的full of energy 可以猜出prime 的意思是 “盛年時(shí)期”。 （6）根據(jù)列舉的事例猜測(cè)詞義 You can take

8、any of the periodicals: “The World of English”.“Foreign Language Teachingin Schools ”, or “English Learning ”. 從后面列舉的例子中，可以猜出periodical 是“期刊，雜志”的意思。 （7）根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義 根據(jù)學(xué)過的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞 詞義。例如： The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable. 利用構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)和我們已熟悉的詞forget，我們可以知道unforgettable

9、 就是“令人難 忘的”意思。 閱讀理解解題技巧分析 一. 事實(shí)詢問題 此類題型的問題以what、who、which、when、where、how 或why 等詞引導(dǎo)，就文中 某句、某段或某一具體細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)問并要求考生回答：如： The Internet can show you a lot of jobs all over the world. If you want to find a job on the Internet, use the words “job search ”or “employment”to find the websites you need. （ ）What does

10、 the passage tell you to do first if you want to find a job on the Internet? A. To type in “job search ”to find the websites. B. To write a good resume. C. To prepare for an interview D. To get an English dictionary 這是一道典型的事實(shí)詢問題，因?yàn)樗拇鸢缚梢灾苯訌奈亩沃姓业?。根?jù)第二句話， 可以得知A 為正確答案。 解這類題的主要方法是：1.明確題意。2.尋找答案來源。3. 找準(zhǔn)關(guān)

11、鍵詞。4. 反復(fù)閱 讀。 二. 推理判斷題 既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測(cè)文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)。這類試題常以如下句式發(fā)問： What can you conclude （下結(jié)論）from this passage? Whats the authors attitude （態(tài)度）towards.? We can infer from the passage that. Which statement is ( not ) true? 做這類題要求考生在閱讀同時(shí)，抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)，分析文

12、章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文 內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。其次，對(duì)于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動(dòng)機(jī)、事件中的 因果關(guān)系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等要進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析， 進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)理解，抓住實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西。如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the

13、 line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,9

14、99. ” （ ）What can you conclude from this passage? A. the engineer asked for too much money B. the workers should pay the money C. the knowledge is worth money D. the new part could cost more 三. 數(shù)據(jù)推算題 此題要求學(xué)生就文章提供的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文中其他信息的關(guān)系做簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算和推斷。 Visit Swansea Zoo Come and see the Indian elephants and the n

15、ew tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you. Tickets Opening time Grown-ups: $ 3 9:00 am 4:00 pm Chil

16、dren: Over 12:$2 except Friday Under 12: Free 10:00 am 3:00 pm （ ）1. How much does Mr Smith have to pay if he visits the zoo with his sons of fourteen and ten? A. $2.00 b. $5.00 C. $4.00 D. $3.00（ ）2. Which of the following is the visiting time? A. 8:30 am, Wed B. 9:30 am, Fri C. 3:00 pm, Sun D. 4:0

17、0 pm, Tue 做此類題一要抓住有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，二要從眾多的信息中找出那些有用的信息，三要抓住 一些關(guān)鍵詞。實(shí)際上，上述兩題都可看作數(shù)據(jù)推算題，一題是算錢，另一題是算時(shí)間。 通過閱讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)布告中的所有數(shù)據(jù)都是有用的，那么關(guān)鍵詞是：grown-ups, children, over 12, under 12, opening time, except Friday 。第一題中Mr Smith 是成人，須買3 塊錢的門 票，他一個(gè)14 歲的兒子需買2 塊錢的門票，另一個(gè)不滿12 歲的兒子可免票，所以Mr Smith 先生需花5 塊錢，B 是正確答案。第二題C 是正確答案。 四. 主旨大意題 此類

18、題型用以考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解。如： What does the passage mainly talk about? What is the main idea of this passage? What does the writer want to tell us? What is the best title of this passage? 每一篇文章都有它的主題句，而每一個(gè)段落也各有主題句，它一般都用來表示一篇文 章或一個(gè)段落的主旨大意。因此，找出文章和各段落的主題句（往往為第一句或最后一句） 是解題的關(guān)鍵。抓住了主題句，文章的最佳標(biāo)題也就不難確定了。如：推理判斷

19、題哪一節(jié) 中的例文我們給它起個(gè)什么標(biāo)題好呢？我們?cè)谒竺嬖偌由弦欢卧挘?One dollar for changing a new part sounds reasonable （合理的）, but the $ 29,999 is exactly the value of wisdom and knowledge. （ ）The best title for the passage should be _ . A. The Value of Knowledge B. Helpless Workers C. The Expensive Machine D. The Lucky Factory 文

20、中的最后一句是整篇文章的主題句，也就是文章的標(biāo)題，即：The Value of Knowledge “知識(shí)的價(jià)值”，A 為正確答案。 五. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)常識(shí)題 此類題主要是考查中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的多項(xiàng)綜合知識(shí)，包括：社會(huì)、天文、史地、科普及生 活常識(shí)等。此類題往往與文章沒有直接關(guān)系，學(xué)生只能憑自己的常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷，然后做出 符合規(guī)律的正確選擇。如： （ ）We can guess when a giraffe sees a tiger _ . A. it will run away as fast as possible B. it will run to eat the tiger C. it will ma

21、ke the tiger bring it something to eat D. it will make one of the smallest animals bring the tiger something to eat這就是一道考查常識(shí)的題，長(zhǎng)頸鹿看到老虎當(dāng)然是盡快跑開，故A 是正確答案。 六. 任務(wù)型閱讀 任務(wù)型閱讀是近幾年隨著任務(wù)型教學(xué)出現(xiàn)的新題型，它往往集中了上面所述的幾種 題，以看圖或閱讀文章填表，填空等形式出現(xiàn)。要求考生通過閱讀完成所給任務(wù)?？疾閷W(xué) 生對(duì)圖表或文章的理解程度以及表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的能力。請(qǐng)看下例：根據(jù)題目要求完成任務(wù)。 （2004，北京海淀） 假如你正在為一些中

22、國(guó)學(xué)生做導(dǎo)游，參觀，游覽英國(guó)倫敦的一個(gè)公園。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面 公園的示意圖，為他們說明a、b、c 、d 四項(xiàng)公園規(guī)則。（請(qǐng)寫關(guān)鍵信息，句式不限。） 例：No recorders, please. 62. Sign a: _ Sign b: _ 63. Sign c :_ Sign d: _ 這道題讓考生辨認(rèn)圖標(biāo)，是一道常識(shí)和識(shí)圖解意相結(jié)合的題，同時(shí)也是讀寫結(jié)合題。 通過考生所寫文字判斷他對(duì)圖的認(rèn)識(shí)程度和根據(jù)語言功能造句的能力。本題答案如下 a: Dont play football here! b: No bikes here! c: Dont throw bottles into the lak

23、e d: No swimming! 近年來，閱讀理解在中考英語試題中的比分越來越大，不少省份的閱讀理解占到了總 分的30，閱讀量一般都升至四篇，難度在不斷加深，題型也在不斷翻新。中考閱讀理解 短文的題材廣泛，包括：政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文學(xué)、史地、社會(huì)生活、科普知識(shí)、人物傳記等。 裁以敘述文、議論文、說明文、應(yīng)用文為主。敘述文描述人或事及相關(guān)情景的發(fā)生和發(fā) 展經(jīng)過。說明文是對(duì)事物現(xiàn)象的說明或解釋。議論文論證某一觀點(diǎn)是否正確，由論點(diǎn)、論 據(jù)與論證構(gòu)成。應(yīng)用文以廣告為主。中考閱讀理解題主要考查考生對(duì)單詞、詞組、語法、 句型、慣用法的綜合運(yùn)用及其英語思維的能力。其文段長(zhǎng)度一般為200300 單詞，生詞 率不超

24、過3，要求考生閱讀速度為每分鐘5070 個(gè)詞。 完形填空 （一）題型介紹 1. 選擇型完形填空 2. 短文缺詞填空 （二）解題指導(dǎo) 1. 選擇型完形填空解題方法 完整填空：一般在文中的第一句和最后一句不會(huì)挖空。主要涉及到動(dòng)詞、名詞（含代 詞）、形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞也常出現(xiàn)。做完形填空題要注意整體性原則，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)文 章整體的理解。就內(nèi)容而言，它又有前因后果、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、人物等要素。所以，第一步 應(yīng)通讀全文，了解大意。其次注意詞與詞、句與句、主句與分句之間的連貫性與銜接性。 因此，在做題時(shí)必須始終注意上下文之間，詞與詞之間從意義到語法上的合理搭配。誠(chéng)然， 弄懂第一句和最后一句也事關(guān)全局。與此同時(shí)

25、，還不可忽略文中的過渡詞。 在解題時(shí)可按以下步驟和方法進(jìn)行。 （1）通讀全文，了解大意。 通讀全文時(shí)，跳過空格快速閱讀，弄清文章的基本含義。先快速閱讀全文，可使我們 對(duì)文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想有個(gè)基本的了解。有利于進(jìn)一步把握全文所講內(nèi)容，篇章結(jié) 構(gòu)，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)的變化，為后面的答題創(chuàng)造條件，但通讀宜粗、直、快。切忌看一句做一句， 看一空填一空，斷章取意，那會(huì)進(jìn)入誤區(qū)，即使所填答案符合本句要求，也未必符合全文 的要求。通讀的目的僅在于掌握大意，切不可把寶貴的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在個(gè)別字句的推敲上。 （2）重視首句的開篇啟示作用 完形填空所采用的短文一般不給標(biāo)題，但短文的首句通常用以點(diǎn)明短文的性質(zhì)，如敘 事、議論

26、等，這是我們探索短文全貌的“窗口”，可以以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)為立足點(diǎn)進(jìn)行 思考，判斷文章的體裁，推測(cè)全文的大意及主題，所以應(yīng)該重視首句的啟示作用。 （3）抓住關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)上下文解題 解題時(shí)，要遵循忠于全文大意和主題這一原則，聯(lián)系上下文展開邏輯推理分析，要迅 速找出那些在短文中起重要作用的關(guān)鍵詞，了解所提問題的特定語境，語篇中的內(nèi)在關(guān)系。 在解題過程中，應(yīng)遵循“先易后難”的原則，遇到個(gè)別難題不易判斷時(shí)，可先跳過去， 去解決那些靠上下文能確定的，比較直接明確的問題，隨著下文的展開和文章的深入，或 許在前面難以判斷的題，下文就有暗示，甚至有明確的表示。因此，在選擇答案時(shí)，應(yīng)特 別注意聯(lián)系前后句，充分利

27、用上下文為確定答案提供有用信息。 （4 ）重讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案 在全部空格補(bǔ)全以后，一定要根據(jù)填好的答案重讀全文，看文章是否流暢，前后是否 矛盾，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否無誤。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)哪些地方讀起來不流暢，那就說明那里有毛病，就要 進(jìn)行仔細(xì)推敲，驗(yàn)證。 2. 短文缺詞填空解題步驟 （1）從全局把握文章大意 要填的單詞肯定是在一定的語言環(huán)境中才能確定，只有把握全局才能有主導(dǎo)方向，才 能有助于正確理解空缺詞所在的句子，從而縮小詞意的選擇范圍。 （2）從語法上加以把握 一般的空缺詞都可以通過其所在的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷其詞性，這樣可以縮小 詞的選擇范圍。 （3）從行文上確定詞的形式 當(dāng)確定一個(gè)單詞的詞性后可通

28、過其上下文來幫助判斷其形式，如動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) 形式，過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、代詞的各種所有格及單復(fù)數(shù)，形容 詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)等。 （4 ）通讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。 填完所有單詞后，不可孤立地逐個(gè)詞檢查，而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中，復(fù)讀 全文，仔細(xì)檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容，讀起來是否流暢，合乎句法，單詞拼寫 是否有誤，單詞形式是否正確等，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)更正。通過再讀全文，很可能利用語感將 個(gè)別特別難的空處順口“讀”出來。 【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：120 分鐘） 閱讀理解練習(xí) （一） Hi, Louis! Im writing to tell you somethin

29、g about the customs and festivals. Everyone loves holidays since one doesnt need to go to school or work. Although all holidays mean no school and work, but not all of them are the same. On some of them you go out with friends; on others you stay home to eat, talk, and have fun with your family. For

30、 example in the U.S., everyone thinks New Years Eve and New Year are both for partying with friends. Christmas is the time to stay home and exchange gifts with family members. The opposite is true in Japan though. For example, in Japan, New Year is for spending time with the family to eat, talk, hav

31、e fun, and go to the temples. But Christmas is for boy and girl friends to go out and exchange gifts. Originally Christmas should be to celebrate the birth of Christ. I have been interested in foreign customs since I was little. If you learn these different holiday customs, you will learn about diff

32、erent histories and cultures. This is much more interesting than learning them at the library from morning to evening.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。正確的用“T ”表示，錯(cuò)誤的用“F ”表示。 1. Usually, nobody goes to school or works during holidays. 2. Christmas is the time to stay home to eat, talk and have fun with the family. 3. All

33、 the countries have the same way to celebrate the holidays. 4. Being interested in foreign customs means being interested in different histories and cultures. 5. This passage is about the customs and holidays in Japan. （二） Can dolphins talk? Maybe they cant talk with words, but they talk with sounds

34、. They show their feelings with sounds. Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish “school”. They dont study, but they travel together. Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say “welcome”when a dolphin

35、comes back to the school. They talk when they play. They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them. Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium（

36、水族館）. People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins dont like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely（孤獨(dú)的）. There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebodys life. Dolphin meat is good, but people dont like to kill them. They say

37、that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this. 1. Dolphins show their feelings with _ . A. pictures B. words C. water D. sounds 2. People cant hear the dolphins sounds because _ . A. they are above the water B. they are under the water C. they are very high D. they are very low 3. Which on

38、e is true according to the passage? A. Dolphins swim together in a school because they want to study B. They dont study, but they travel in a group C. Dolphins like to be away from their school on an island. D. Dolphins like to kill people （三） Driver Wanted Clean driving licence. Must be of smart ap

39、pearance. Aged over 25. Apply to: Capes Taxi, 17 Palace Road, Roston Air Hostess for International Flights Wanted Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old. Height: 1.6 m to 1.75m. Education to GGSE standard Two languages, must be able to swim. Apply to: Recruitment Office, Southern Airlines, H

40、eathrow Airport West, HR 37KK. Teachers Needed For private language school teaching, experience unnecessary. Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Languages Ltd., 279 Canal Street, Roston 1. You are 26 years old and want to be a teacher. You should apply to _ . A. Capes Taxi, 17 Palace Road, Ro

41、ston B. Recruitment Office, Southern Airlines, Heathrow Airport West, HR 37KK C. the Director of Studies, Instant Languages Ltd., 279 Canal Street. Roston. D. a private language school. 2. What stops Jack, an experienced taxi driver, working for Capes Taxis. A. Fond of beer and wine. B. Punished （處罰

42、）for driving too fast and wrong parking. C. Unable to speak a foreign language. D. Not having college education. 3. Ben, aged 22, fond of swimming and driving, has just finished college. Which job might be given to him? A. Driving for Capes Taxi B. Working for Southern Airlines C. Teaching at Instan

43、t Languages Ltd. D. Working for Northern Airlines.4. What prevents （阻止）Mary, aged 25, from becoming an air hostess A. She once broke a traffic law and was fined B. She cant speak Japanese very well.C. She has never worked as an air hostess beforeD. She doesnt feel like working long hours flying abro

44、ad. 5. Which of the following is NOT talked about in the three advertisements? A. Whether he or she is married B. Whether they are men or women C. Their education D. The ages （四） All my friends at school smoked. My dad smoked; he didnt want me to smoke but my friends kept saying I was stupid. They a

45、sked when I was going to grow up. So I started when I was sixteen and after a month I couldnt stop. But two years later I could feel what smoking was doing to me. I couldnt run far, and I coughed every morning. I got very ill and decided to stop. It wasnt easy, but now Ive done it, and I feel better

46、. Now I have money for other things. If you smoke, you are twice as likely to die from a heart attack. And the more you smoke, the earlier the heart attack is likely to be. For example, a 50-year-old who smokes more than 20 cigarettes a day, is four times more likely to have heart disease than a non

47、-smoker of the same age. What does smoking do to the heart? First of all, it makes the heart beat faster and increases the blood pressure. The cigarette smoke also reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood. Consequently, the heart has to work harder, with less oxygen. Finally, your arteries will nar

48、row faster if you smoke. So if you want to reduce your chances of getting heart disease, the answer is easy not to smoke. Dont copy your friends and other people who smoke. If you smoke, find out how to stop. Stopping isnt easy, but youll be healthier, and . 1. Who is more likely to have heart disea

49、se? A. A smoker B. A non-smoker C. A 50-year-old person 2. What does the writer think of smoking? A. It is good for his health B. Smoking is bad for him C. Is it neither good nor bad for his heath 3. What happens after the writer stopped smoking? A. He becomes rich B. He has more friendsC. He become

50、s healthier and has money to do other things. （五） New York is one of the most exciting cities in the world. You might want to do some shopping in New York. Fifth Avenue is probably New Yorks most famous shopping street, but if you go, be prepared to “window shop ”only. This is shopping for the rich.

51、 There are other, less expensive shopping areas nearby, and youll soon come across famous stores such as Bloomingdales, Macys and FAO Schwartz. And if youve brought your rollerblades, then a visit to Central Park is a must. This is a large, open park right in the middle of Manhattan, but if you thought that people came here to relax, sit down for a few minutes and get away from the rush of New York life, then youd be wrong. Nobody sits in Central Park: they run, jog（慢跑）, and most of all they rollerbl.When you leave New York, you might be tired, ev