有機(jī)化學(xué)部分特殊方程式

1、烷（取代、氧化、裂解）烯與炔（還原、加成、氧化、聚合）醇（置換、消去、取代、酯化、氧化、脫水）酚（酸性、取代、加成、顯色）酯（脫水、取代）取代（烷、芳香烴、鹵代烴、醇、酚、酸、酯）加成（烯、炔、芳香烴、醛、酮）氧化（1.+O2 烯烴.醇.醛 2.+KMnO4 烯 炔 苯同系物 醛 3.銀氨溶液或新制Cu(OH)2懸濁液 醛 甲酸 甲酸酯）還原（烯 炔 醛)酯化（酸 醇）聚合（烯 炔 醇 酸）括號(hào)里每種都要一個(gè)方程式 謝謝了！CH4-hvCH4+Cl2CH3Cl+HCL-點(diǎn)燃CH4+2O2CO2+2H2O（完全燃燒）-點(diǎn)燃CH4+O2CO+2H2O（不完全燃燒）-1000CH4C+2H2C2H6

2、的性質(zhì)與CH4相似， C2H4-點(diǎn)燃C2H4+3O22CO2+2H2O（完全燃燒）-催化劑、加熱、加壓2C2H4+O22CH3CHO3C2H4+2KMnO4+4H2OHOCH2CH2OH+2MnO2+2KOH5C2H4+8KMnO4+12H2SO410HCOOH+8MnSO4+4K2SO412H2O-CCl4CH2=CH2+Br2BrCH2CH2Br-Ni、CH2=CH2+H2CH3CH3-ACl3、CH2=CH2+HClCH3CH2Cl-催化劑、加熱、加壓CH2=CH2+H2OCH3CH2OH-催化劑、加熱、加壓nCH2=CH2+H2OCH2CH2n(不好表示)CH3CH2OH-點(diǎn)燃CH3C

3、H2OH+3O22CO2+3H2O（完全燃燒）-催化劑2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O2CH3CH2OH+2Na2CH3CH2ONa+H2-ZnCl2CH3CH2OH+HClCH3CH2Cl+H2O-濃硫酸、170CH3CH2OHCH2=CH2+H2O-濃硫酸、140CH3CH2OHC2H5OC2H5+H2OCH3CH2OH+H2SO4C2H5OSO3H+H2O-濃硫酸、CH3CH2OH+HOOCCH3CH3CH2OOCCH3+H2O-濃硫酸、CH3CH2OH+HNO3CH3CH2ONO2+H2OCH3COOH2CH3COOH+2Na2CH3COONa+H22CH3COOH+N

4、a2O2CH3COONa+2H2OCH3COOH+NaOHCH3COONa+H2OCH3COOH+NH3CH3COONH4CH3COOH+NaHCO3CH3COONa+CO2+H2O-濃硫酸、CH3CH2OH+HOOCCH3CH3CH2OOCCH3+H2O-紫外光C6H6+3Cl2C6H6Cl6-催化劑C6H6+Cl2C6H5Cl+HCl-濃硫酸、C6H6+HNO3C6H5NO2+H2O-C6H6+H2SO4C6H5SO3H+H2O 小結(jié):1取代反應(yīng) 2加成反應(yīng) （C17H33COO）3C3H5+3H2 （C17H35COO）3C3H5 3氧化反應(yīng) 2C2H2+5O2 4CO2+2H2O 2CH3CH2OH+O2 2CH3CHO+2H2O 2CH3CHO+O2 CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH +2Ag+3NH3+H2O 4還原反應(yīng) 5消去反應(yīng) C2H5OH CH2CH2+H2O CH3CH2CH2Br+KOH CH3CHCH2+KBr+H2O 6酯化反應(yīng) 7水解反應(yīng) C2H5Cl+H2O C2H5OH+HCl CH3COOC2H5+H2O CH3COOH+C2H5OH (C6H10O5)n+nH¬2O nC6H12O6 淀粉 葡萄糖 8聚