同位語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解

1、GrammarRead the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.1 Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.2 Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.3 He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.4The news that they had won the basketball game soon spread

2、 the whole school當(dāng)兩個(gè)指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置時(shí)，一個(gè)句子成分當(dāng)兩個(gè)指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置時(shí)，一個(gè)句子成分可被用來(lái)說(shuō)明或解釋另一個(gè)句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位語(yǔ)?？杀挥脕?lái)說(shuō)明或解釋另一個(gè)句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位語(yǔ)。作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些名詞作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些名詞之后，用以說(shuō)明或解釋前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。之后，用以說(shuō)明或解釋前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。What kind of noun clauses are they?1.What it was to become was a mystery.

3、2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句Find out the appositive clause from the reading text. The thought that they could cross the whole

4、 continent was exciting. Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days ,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句(1) The news that our

5、 team won the first prize excited all of us.我們隊(duì)得了第一名，這消息使我們都很興奮。我們隊(duì)得了第一名，這消息使我們都很興奮。(2) The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.(3) Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.如果同位語(yǔ)從句意義完整應(yīng)用如果同位語(yǔ)從句意義完整應(yīng)用tha

6、t引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，從句， that 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，無(wú)任何在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，無(wú)任何具體意思，一般不省略。具體意思，一般不省略。1. I have no idea when he will come back.2.The question who should go abroad required consideration.3. He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 4.I have no impression how he went home , perhaps by bike

7、. 除除 that外，外， 其余連詞在從句中都具其余連詞在從句中都具有各自的意義或成分。有各自的意義或成分。if 不可以引導(dǎo)不可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句。注意啦！注意啦！!大家注意啦！同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別:（1 1 ） 定語(yǔ)從句是定語(yǔ)從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞或從句對(duì)其先行詞或前面整個(gè)句子的前面整個(gè)句子的修飾或限制修飾或限制, ,屬于形容屬于形容詞性從句的范疇詞性從句的范疇; ; 而而同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句是從句對(duì)前面抽象名是從句對(duì)前面抽象名詞的詞的進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明和解釋進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明和解釋, ,屬于名詞性屬于名詞性從句的范疇，如從句的范疇，如: : The news tha

8、t our team has won the game was true. 我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的。我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的。 (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句, 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明news到底是一個(gè)什么消到底是一個(gè)什么消息息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告訴我的那個(gè)消息是真的。昨天他告訴我的那個(gè)消息是真的。 (定語(yǔ)從句限制或修飾定語(yǔ)從句限制或修飾news, 說(shuō)明到底是哪個(gè)說(shuō)明到底是哪個(gè)news.) 辨辨析：析：(2)從引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)看 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中是連詞，只起連在同位語(yǔ)從句中是連詞，只起連接作用，無(wú)具體詞

9、義，接作用，無(wú)具體詞義，that不可省略；不可省略；that在在定語(yǔ)從句中是關(guān)系代詞，除了起連接作用，它定語(yǔ)從句中是關(guān)系代詞，除了起連接作用，它在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可以省略。語(yǔ)時(shí)還可以省略。 The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.（factory在從句中作在從句中作visited的賓的賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ),也就是說(shuō)也就是說(shuō)that 指代指代factory在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略）可以省略） The news that he will leave for Sh

10、anghai is true. （that 只起連接作用，不做成分，一般不可以只起連接作用，不做成分，一般不可以省略省略)（3）當(dāng)）當(dāng)when ,where ,why和和how引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)為引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)為連接副詞，雖在句中充當(dāng)成分，但前面沒(méi)有與其意義連接副詞，雖在句中充當(dāng)成分，但前面沒(méi)有與其意義相當(dāng)?shù)南刃性~。而在定語(yǔ)從句中它們?yōu)殛P(guān)系副詞，在相當(dāng)?shù)南刃性~。而在定語(yǔ)從句中它們?yōu)殛P(guān)系副詞，在其前面分別有表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因及方式意義的先其前面分別有表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因及方式意義的先行詞。例如：行詞。例如： He will never forget the days when he lived

11、 with his grandparents. 他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記和祖父母一起生活的日子他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記和祖父母一起生活的日子 He has no idea when the meeting will be held. 他不知道會(huì)議將何時(shí)舉行他不知道會(huì)議將何時(shí)舉行定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句（4）同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞極為有限，多為抽同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞極為有限，多為抽象名詞，如象名詞，如fact, idea, reason, thought, order, doubt, news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise,

12、request, proposal提議提議/建議建議, demand, question(5)同位語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)易判斷方法同位語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)易判斷方法 同位語(yǔ)從句與其先行詞在邏輯上是同位語(yǔ)從句與其先行詞在邏輯上是“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+be+表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)”的同位語(yǔ)關(guān)系。所以，可以在名詞和從句之間加的同位語(yǔ)關(guān)系。所以，可以在名詞和從句之間加系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞be，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則原句為同位語(yǔ)從句；定語(yǔ)從句是不句子通順，則原句為同位語(yǔ)從句；定語(yǔ)從句是不能夠用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來(lái)的。能夠用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來(lái)的。 The news that we

13、ll go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true.這個(gè)星期天我們要去野餐的消息不是真的。這個(gè)星期天我們要去野餐的消息不是真的。 The news is that well go on a picnic this Sunday. The news that youve heard isnt true. 你聽(tīng)到的這個(gè)消息不是真的。你聽(tīng)到的這個(gè)消息不是真的。 The news is that youve heard. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope (

14、 that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.Lets have a try at once同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句：they would come to visit China 對(duì)對(duì)hope 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行具體的說(shuō)明具體的說(shuō)明。定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句： hope 充當(dāng)充當(dāng)express的的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)。II. 判斷下列哪些含有同位語(yǔ)從句，判斷下列哪些含有同位語(yǔ)從句，哪些含有定語(yǔ)從句。哪些含有定語(yǔ)從句。 The news that we had successfully sent up another communicatio

15、n satellite spread throughout the world. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.同同定定The reason why he was late for school sounds unreasonable.He has solved the problem why the radio didnt work well.定定同同I. 在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使下列定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使下列定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句完整。從句完整。1. The news _ our class had won the football match was very exciting.2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3. The person to _ you sp