主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的方法

1、主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的方法1）將主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)應注意以下三個方面： 將主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語； 將主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞改為“ be過去分詞”結構； 將主動語態(tài)的主語改為介詞 by 之后的賓語，放在謂語動詞之后（有時可 省略）。2） 含直接賓語和間接賓語的主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)時有兩種情況： 把 間接賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，直接賓語仍保留原位； 把直接賓語改為主動語態(tài)的主語，此時，間接賓語前要加介詞 to 或 for。女口： He gave the boy an apple The boy was give n an apple （或Anapplewas given to the bo

2、y.） Her father bought her a present. She wasbought a present by her father. （或 A present was bought for her by herfather）3）不帶 to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的主動語態(tài)，改為被動語態(tài)時不定 式前要力口 to。如：They watched the childre n si ng that morni ng. The childrenwere watched to sing that morning 4）帶復合賓語的動詞在改為被動語態(tài)時，大凡把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為主 語，賓語補

3、足語在被動語態(tài)中作主語補足語。如： We call him Xiao WangHe iscalled Xiao WangHe cut his hair shortHis hair was cut shortThey toldhim to help meHe was told to help me5）短語動詞是不可分割的整體，改為被動語態(tài)時要保持其完整性，介詞或 副詞不可遺漏。如： We must take good care of the young treesThe youngtrees must be taken good care of6） 含有賓語從句的主動結構變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，通常用i

4、t作為被動結構的先 行主語，從句放在句子后面；也可采用另一種形式?？梢赃@樣轉換為被動結構的動詞有 know，say，believe，find，think， report 等。如： People believethathe is ill. It is believed that he is ill (或： He is believed to be ill.)1. 大凡現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成：is / am / are +及物動詞的過去分詞 Ourclassroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard.Knives are used for cu

5、tting things.2. 大凡過去時的被動語態(tài)構成：was / were +及物動詞的過去分詞 A newshop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)構成：has / have + been +及物動詞的過去分詞 Thisbook has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by manycountries.4. 大凡將來時的被動語態(tài)構成：

6、will+ be +及物動詞的過去分詞A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構成：情態(tài)動詞 + be +及物動詞的過去分詞Young trees must be watered often.詞 Your mistakes should be correctedright now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語

7、態(tài)構成：am / is / are + being +及物動詞的過去分Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there.Trees are being pla nted over there by them.7 不定式的被動語態(tài)： to + be +及 物動詞的過去分詞There are two books to be read.TThere are twenty more trees to be planted.三、使用被動語態(tài)應

8、注意的幾個問題：1. 不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。What will happen in 100 years.The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。This pen writes well.This new book sells well.3感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to，但 變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，須加上 to。例： make somebodydo somethingTsomebody+ be +made todosomethingsee somebodydo some

9、thing Tsomebody +be +seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. TMywallet was seen todrop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.TThe little boy was made todoheavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語（物）作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。He gave me a book.TA book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike.f A new bike was bought for meby myfather.5. 一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應當看作一個整體，而不能丟掉 其中的介詞或副詞。We can't laughathim.fHe can 't be laughat by us.H