主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法

1、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法1）將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意以下三個(gè)方面： 將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)； 將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為“ be過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)； 將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改為介詞 by 之后的賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后（有時(shí)可 省略）。2） 含直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況： 把 間接賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)仍保留原位； 把直接賓語(yǔ)改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加介詞 to 或 for。女口： He gave the boy an apple The boy was give n an apple （或Anapplewas given to the bo

2、y.） Her father bought her a present. She wasbought a present by her father. （或 A present was bought for her by herfather）3）不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定 式前要力口 to。如：They watched the childre n si ng that morni ng. The childrenwere watched to sing that morning 4）帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，大凡把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為主 語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)

3、足語(yǔ)在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如： We call him Xiao WangHe iscalled Xiao WangHe cut his hair shortHis hair was cut shortThey toldhim to help meHe was told to help me5）短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要保持其完整性，介詞或 副詞不可遺漏。如： We must take good care of the young treesThe youngtrees must be taken good care of6） 含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常用i

4、t作為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的先 行主語(yǔ)，從句放在句子后面；也可采用另一種形式?？梢赃@樣轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有 know，say，believe，find，think， report 等。如： People believethathe is ill. It is believed that he is ill (或： He is believed to be ill.)1. 大凡現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：is / am / are +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Ourclassroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard.Knives are used for cu

5、tting things.2. 大凡過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：was / were +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 A newshop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：has / have + been +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 Thisbook has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by manycountries.4. 大凡將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：

6、will+ be +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Young trees must be watered often.詞 Your mistakes should be correctedright now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

7、態(tài)構(gòu)成：am / is / are + being +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there.Trees are being pla nted over there by them.7 不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： to + be +及 物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞There are two books to be read.TThere are twenty more trees to be planted.三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)

8、注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：1. 不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。What will happen in 100 years.The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。This pen writes well.This new book sells well.3感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to，但 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上 to。例： make somebodydo somethingTsomebody+ be +made todosomethingsee somebodydo some

9、thing Tsomebody +be +seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. TMywallet was seen todrop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.TThe little boy was made todoheavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)（物）作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。He gave me a book.TA book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike.f A new bike was bought for meby myfather.5. 一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉 其中的介詞或副詞。We can't laughathim.fHe can 't be laughat by us.H