主謂一致三個原則

1、hobby.主謂一致三個原則Agreement between subject and verb主謂一致主要有以下三個原則：1、語法一致原則（ 5 種情況）2、意義一致原則（10種情況） 3 、 就近原則語法一致原則1and 連接不同的人或事時作主 語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；但如果連接的 名詞指的是同一人或物 , 或同一概念 時 , 謂語要用單數(shù)。 The singer and dancer going to give us aperformance.The knife and fork on thetable.2. 不定式, 動詞 ing 形式或主語 從句作主語時 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 What

2、 he is doing seems very important.Collecting stamps is his3. 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 who, which, that 在從句 xx 主語時，要與 先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, whois your friend, should help you.I, who am a teacher, lack humor.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, excep

3、t, but, including 如 果句子中有這些連接詞和主語連用 , 謂語動詞的數(shù)隨主語的變化而變化。 例如： The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street.5. many a, more than one 與單 數(shù)名詞組成的短語 , 謂語用單數(shù)。 Many a boy has seen it.主謂一致三個原則More than one student is required to redo the homework.意義一致原則1. 不定代詞 all, more, some, any, n

4、one 作主語, 謂語動詞視情況而 定。All of the applesrotten.All of the applerotten.2. the rest of; half of; part of;the majority of 等以及分數(shù)、百分 比 在句子 xx 名詞作主語的時候 , 謂 語動詞與 of 后面的名詞保持一致。Half of the studentsfinished their composition.Half of the water(pollute).3. 集合名詞作主語，強調(diào)整體謂語動 詞用單數(shù)；指全體人員時 , 動詞則 用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集合名詞有 public,

5、family, class, crowd,audience, team, government, group。His familyalready(move)to .His family all music lovers.4. 某些名詞如 people, police, cattle 等, 形式上是單數(shù) , 但意義 上是復(fù)數(shù) , 謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。 people 指“民族”時是例外。The policesearching for a thief.The cattleeatinggrass on the hill.5. 不定代詞作主語 , 謂語動詞 要用單數(shù)，如 someone ,somebody

6、, something, anybody 等Someone is asking for you.6. 某些名詞如 clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts 等, 通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式 , 但當主謂一致三個原則它們被 a pair of 修飾時 , 謂語動 詞用單數(shù)。Here a new pair ofshoes for you.7 某些名詞以 s 結(jié)尾如 maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。Physics is a very interesting subject.8. 以

7、 a number of 作主語時 , 謂 語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) ; 以 the number of 作 主語時 , 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A number of newbooks are on the desk.The number of students in you class is 50.9. 單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞 , 作主語的時 候 , 其謂語動詞由上下文決定 , 這 一類名詞有 : means, works, deer,fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。Not every means is useful. 。Not all means are useful.10. 如果

8、主語由“ the + 形容詞（ 或過 去分詞） ”結(jié)構(gòu)擔任時 , 謂語通常用 復(fù)數(shù);這類詞有 : the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead 等就近原則either . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or 在句子中連接主語的時候或者在 there be 句型中 , 謂語動詞要和就近的 主語保持一致。應(yīng)該注意的幾個問題 :1. 在主謂倒裝的句子中 , 謂語動 詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。例 女口:Betwee n t

9、he two win dows （hang）a picture.主謂一致三個原則2. a (large) quantity of 修飾 可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 , 其短語作主語時 , 謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)看后面的名詞。A large quantity of people needed here.quantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名 詞, 其短語作主語時 , 謂語動詞用復(fù) 數(shù)。例如 :Quantities of food(nuts) on the table.3. 表示數(shù)量的 one and a half 后, 名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 , 但是其短語作主 語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：One and

10、a half bananas is left on the table.4. 書刊名、時間、距離、價格、 度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時 , 謂語 動詞常用單數(shù)。Thirty years is not a longtime.Roots is a famous American novel5. every.and every .;each .and each .;no . and no . 在以上短語 xxand 連接的單數(shù)名詞 , 整 個短語在句 xx 作主語時 , 謂語動詞 常使用單數(shù)。Each man and each woman is asked to attend.No sound and

11、 no voice is heard.請用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。1. Three years (have)passed since they met last time, and for them, three years(be) really a long time.2. (be) everybodygoing to take part in the gamethis afternoon?3. My family (be) thelargest one in our village. Besides, my family (be) all partymembers.4. The who

12、le class (be)now listening to the teacher attentively.5. The news (be) veryexciting.主謂一致三個原則6. To learn one or two foreign languages (be) veryimportant nowadays.7. The last and most difficult lesson (be) Lesson 14.8. I, who your friend,will try my best to help you.9. The scientist and engineer (have

13、) invented a new machine.10. Alice ，together with her friends ， (be) punished forhaving broken the school rules.11. Every girl and every boy (have) the right to join the club.12. (be) either sheor you to go and attend the meeting?Neither she norI(be).13. Ancient and modern history (be) the subjects

14、we are studying.14. Many a scientist (have) devoted their lives to science.15. The old (be)respected in our country.選擇題：1 One or two days enoughto see the city 2Neither mywife nor I myself able to persuade my daughterto change her mind AisB are CamD be3Not only I but also Jane andMary tired of havin

15、g oneexamination after another AisB are C.amD have4Not the teacher ，but the students looking forward toseeing the film AisB are C.amDbe5Nobody but Betty and Mary late for class yesterdayAwas B were C has beenD have been6A woman with some children soon A isB areC.amDbeAis comingBare coming主謂一致三個原則C h

16、as comeDhave come7Noone except myparents anything about this 。A know Bknows Cis knownDare known8The teacher as well as thestudents the bookalready Ahas readBhavereadCare reading Dis reading9All but one in theaccident Awas killedBwerekilledC will be killedDare killed10. Not only I but also Jane andMa

17、ry tired of having oneexamination after another.11. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered12. Whenand where to build the new factory _ yet. A. was not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided13. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A. were; wasB. was; wasC. was; wereD. were; were14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. isB. areC. amD. beA . is playing