延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

1、 動(dòng)詞按其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長(zhǎng)短可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 一.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用。 表示時(shí)間段的短語有:for+一段時(shí)間,for 2 years; since+從句,since he came here; since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long ti

2、me等。例:1. He has lived here for 6 years. 2. You can keep the book for 5 days. 3. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. 4. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也稱終止性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作,這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語連用，如：t

3、wo years ago; at 5 oclock;例:He died 5 years ago.否定的終止性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語連用。例:1. I havent left here for 3 years. 2. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu), be a member of+

4、組織機(jī)構(gòu), open sth - keep sth open或be open fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - know, go (get) out be out， put

5、on wear；等。 例:1. The old man died 4 years ago. 2. The old man has been dead for 4 years. 3. It is 4 years since the old man died. 4. Four years has passed since the old man died. 5. He joined the Party 2 years ago. 6. He has been in the Party for 2 years. 7. I bought the book 5 days ago. 8. I have ha

6、d the book for 5 days. 補(bǔ)充練習(xí)：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened

7、 C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5. You mustnt _ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly

8、5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sle

9、pt B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but

10、 you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ for 2 hours. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has