虛擬語(yǔ)氣法講解

1、標(biāo)簽:標(biāo)題篇一：高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解-虛擬語(yǔ)氣高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解-虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 語(yǔ)氣的定義和種類 （1）語(yǔ)氣的定義語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。（2）語(yǔ)氣的種類A.陳述語(yǔ)氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和某些感嘆句。We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today ！ B.祈使語(yǔ)氣表使說(shuō)話人的建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。Be careful.Don ' t forget to close the window. Open the door,

2、 please. C. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣表使動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。2. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1）辨別if引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句和if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的區(qū)別If he has time, he will go with us.= Probably he has time and will go with us. If he had time, he would go with us.=But in fact he has no time. （ 2）虛擬條件句中主句和從句的謂與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成 形式如下表（3）混合時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果條件句中的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)

3、動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)分別根 據(jù)各自所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。1. If I had received the passport yesterday, I would start today. 2. If he had teleph oned me lastnight, I would see him now. 3. If he had followed the doctor ' s advice, he would be all right now.4. If China had not bee n liberated, the work ing people would still be lea

4、d ing a miserable life.5. If he had listened to me, hebe in such trouble now. A. haven ' t C. had not 答案：5. B（4）should/ could / might/ ought to + have done 表示"過(guò)去本應(yīng)該/可以做而實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)做”need n' t have do ne表示"過(guò)去沒(méi)必要作而實(shí)際上做了”1. Wang Fang college last year. Unfortun ately, he could n' t take

5、 the exam in atio nsbecause of a sudde n ill ness.A. could goB did goD. must have goneB. would not D. would haven ' tC. could have gone2. The pla nt is dead. Iit more water. A. will giveB. would have goneC. must giveD. should have gone3. I could have done better if Imore time. A. have had C. had

6、 hadB. hadD. will have had4. Hetold you that. A. needs not have C. needn ' t hasB. needn' t have D. will have had5. Youit to your father. Why not ? A. would tellB. should tell D. should have toldC. would have told6. Even if you had not bee n able to come last week, youus know. A. shall have

7、let C.have had let 答案：1 6 CDCBDD(5) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的倒裝句如果虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有were, had, could, should，有時(shí)可將if省去，而將條件從句的主語(yǔ)置于were, had, should, could之后。Had you in vited us, we would have come to your party. Were I you, I would do more practice after class. Could she lend us a helping hand, she would do so. 1. he wou

8、ld havesucceeded in the exam in ati on. A. Had he worked hard B. If he worked hard C. If he works hard D. If he has worked hard2. it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. A. ShouldB. BeC. WereD. WillB. had let D. should have let3. , he would teach us how to solve the problem. A. Were he hereB. Was h

9、e hereC. If he isD. Is he here4. , we should be glad. A. Were they to arrive tomorrow B. They were to arrivetomorrow C. They would arrive tomorrow D. They arrive tomorrow5. the clouds, you would find the airpla ne in the sky easily. A .Were it not for C. If itwere not 答案：1 5 AAAAA(6) wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

10、詞應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“可惜；.就好了；悔不該；但愿?！?. I wish I knew the key to the an swer. 2. I wish I were ten years youn ger.3. I wish that I had gone to the football match last week. 4. I wish that you had been here yesterday. 5. He wishes that we would visit the old school.B. If it had not bee n for D. Had it not bee

11、 n for6. How I wish these boys would be quiet. 7. I wish Iyou yesterday. A. sawB. did seeC. had see nD. were to see8. Have you visited the Scie nee Museum? No, but I really wish I. A. willB. haveC. didD. had9. I wish that the rainstop. A. will 答案： 79 CDB(7) 表示命令或建議動(dòng)詞suggest, i nsist, propose, desire

12、, dema nd, request, order, comma nd 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)使用虛擬should +動(dòng)詞原形；should不可用would來(lái)替代；主句所使用的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不限。1. The teacher in sisted that every stude ntevery other line. A. writesB. writeC. would writeD. wroteB. wouldC mayD. can2. Jack' s father in sistsin this hotel. A. not stay ing C. that he not stayB not to

13、 stay D. stay ing not3. They in sisted that youthem a quick an swer. A. should give C. must giveB. gave D. would give4. The guard at the gate insisted that everybodythe rules. A. obeys 答案：1 4 BCAB（8）suggest為"建議去做；命令”從句用should + do為"說(shuō)明； 暗示”，從句用 過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。1. The doctor suggested that I shoul

14、d take the medicine three times a day. 2. The doctor suggested that my gran dmother had caught a bad cold. 3. The expressi on on her face suggests that she knew the secret.B. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey篇二：高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解虛擬語(yǔ)氣高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解-虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 語(yǔ)氣的定義和種類（1）語(yǔ)氣的定義語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。（2）語(yǔ)氣的種類A.陳述語(yǔ)氣表示動(dòng)

15、作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和某些感嘆句。We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today ！ B.祈使語(yǔ)氣表使說(shuō)話人的建議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。Be careful.Don ' t forget to close the window. Open the door, please. C. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣表使動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。2. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1）辨別if引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句和if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的區(qū)別If he has time, h

16、e will go with us.= Probably he has time and will go with us. If he had time, he would go with us.=But in fact he has no time. （ 2）虛擬條件句中主句和從句的謂與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成 形式如下表1（3）混合時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果條件句中的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)分別根 據(jù)各自所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。1. If I had received the passport yesterday, I would start today. 2. If he had

17、 teleph oned me lastnight, I would see him now. 3. If he had followed the doctor ' s advice, he would be all right now.4. If China had not bee n liberated, the work ing people would still be lead ing a miserable life.5. If he had listened to me, hebe in such trouble now. A. haven ' t C. had

18、not 答案：5. B(4) should/ could / might/ ought to + have done 表示"過(guò)去本應(yīng)該/可以做而實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)做”need n' t have do ne表示"過(guò)去沒(méi)必要作而實(shí)際上做了”1. Wang Fang college last year. Unfortun ately, he could n' t take the exam in ati onsbecause of a sudde n ill ness.A. could goB did goD. must have goneB. would not D.

19、 would haven ' tC. could have gone2. The pla nt is dead. Iit more water. A. will giveB. would have gone2C. must giveD. should have gone3. I could have done better if Imore time. A. have had C. had hadB. hadD. will have had4. Hetold you that. A. needs not have C. needn ' t hasB. needn' t

20、have D. will have had5. Youit to your father. Why not ？ A. would tellB. should tell D. should have toldC. would have told6. Even if you had not bee n able to come last week, youus know. A. shall have let C.have had let 答案：1 6 CDCBDD(5) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的倒裝句如果虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有were, had, could, should，有時(shí)可將if省去，而將條

21、件從句的主語(yǔ)置于were, had, should, could之后。Had you in vited us, we would have come to your party. Were I you, I would do more practiceafter class. Could she lend us a helping hand, she would do so. 1. he would havesucceeded in the exam in ati on. A. Had he worked hard B. If he worked hard C. If he works har

22、d D. If he has worked hard2. it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. A. ShouldB. BeC. WereD. WillB. had let D. should have let3. , he would teach us how to solve the problem. A. Were he hereB. Was he here3C. If he isD. Is he here4. , we should be glad. A. Were they to arrive tomorrow B. They were t

23、o arrivetomorrow C. They would arrive tomorrow D. They arrive tomorrow5. the clouds, you would find the airpla ne in the sky easily. A .Were it not for C. If it were not 答案:1 5 AAAAA(6) wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“可惜；.就好了；悔不該；但愿?！?.1 wish I knew the key to the an swer. 2.1 wish I were ten years youn

24、ger.3. I wish that I had gone to the football match last week. 4. I wish that you had been here yesterday. 5. He wishes that we would visit the old school.4B. If it had not bee n for D. Had it not bee n for6. How I wish these boys would be quiet. 7.1 wish Iyou yesterday. A. sawB. did seeC. had see n

25、D. were to see8. Have you visited the Scie nee Museum? No, but I really wish I. A. willB. haveC. didD. had9. I wish that the rainstop. A. will 答案：79 CDB(7) 表示命令或建議動(dòng)詞suggest, i nsist, propose, desire, dema nd, request, order, comma nd 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)使用虛擬should +動(dòng)詞原形；should不可用would來(lái)替代；主句所使用的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不限。1. The tea

26、cher in sisted that every stude ntevery other line. A. writesB. writeC. would writeD. wroteB. wouldC mayD. can2. Jack' s father in sistsin this hotel. A. not stay ingC. that he not stayB not to stay D. stay ing not3. They in sisted that youthem a quick an swer. A. should give C. must giveB. gave

27、 D. would give4. The guard at the gate insisted that everybodythe rules. A. obeys 答案：1 4 BCAB(8) suggest為“建議去做；命令”從句用should + do為“說(shuō)明； 暗示”，從句用 過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。1. The doctor suggested that I should take the medicine three times a day. 2. The doctor suggested that my gran dmother had caught a bad cold. 3. Th

28、e expressi on on her face suggests that she knew the secret.5B. obey C. will obey D. would obey 篇三：高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解-虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣一.語(yǔ)氣的定義和種類1.語(yǔ)氣的定義語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。2. 語(yǔ)氣的種類A. 陳述語(yǔ)氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句。We arenot ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today ！B. 祈使語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人的建議

29、、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令等。Open the door, please.Don ' t forget to close the window.C. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣表使動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。二.虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣if引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件句和if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的區(qū)別If he has time, he will go with us. （Probably he has time and will go with us. ） If he had time, he would go with us. （ But in fact he has no time

30、.） If he had time now, he would go with you.（ 與事實(shí)相反） If he were not busy now, he would go with you.（ 與事實(shí)相反） If you had come a few minu tes earlier, you would have met the famous sin ger. （與事實(shí)相反） If it were to sno w/should snow/ sno wed this evening, they would not go out.（與事實(shí)相反）練習(xí)：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的句子 If youh

31、ere, youthe famous star.如果你在這里，你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到這位明星。 If Ithe place, I would lead you there.如果我知道這個(gè)地方，我會(huì)帶你去的。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 If heabout computers, wehim to work here.女口果他學(xué)過(guò)電腦，我們就可能？a href=""target="_blank" class="keylink">盟 ?/p> If Itime., Ito the party with you.如果我有時(shí)間，我就和你一起去參加聚會(huì)了。

32、If weten minutes earlier, wethe bus.如果我們?cè)绲绞昼?，我們就不?huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車了。與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 If youhim to come here tomorrow, Ialso come.女口果你邀請(qǐng)他明天來(lái)這兒，我或許也會(huì)來(lái)。 If ittomorrow, the crops.如果明天下雨，莊稼就會(huì)得救了。If youtomorrow, youthe gen eral man ager. 女口果你們明天過(guò)來(lái)， 你們就能見(jiàn)到經(jīng)理。2. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（或混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣）若條件從句與主句中的時(shí)間不一致，則根據(jù)各自的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)分別使用相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。 If I h

33、ad followed the doctor ' s advice, I would be quite all right now.（條件句說(shuō)明過(guò)去的情況， 主句中說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況） If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(條件句說(shuō)明 的情況，主句中說(shuō)明的情況) If I(take) an umbrella with me this mornin g, I would not be wet now.( 條件句說(shuō)明的情況，主句中說(shuō)明 的情況) If it(rain) last night, it(be)very cold today.(條

34、件句說(shuō)明 的情況，主句中說(shuō)明的情況) If he had listened to me, he(not, be) in such trouble now. If he(telepho ne) me last ni ght, I would see him now. If China(not, liberate), the working people would still be leading a miserablelife.3. 虛擬條件句中的省略倒裝若if條件句中含有 were, had(助動(dòng)詞),should，可將if省去，將 were, had, should提到主語(yǔ) 之前。 If

35、you had in vited us, we would have come to your party.=Had you in vited us, we would have come to your party. If I were you, I would do more practice after class.=Were I you, I would do more practice after class. If there should be an earthquake, what would you do?=Should there be an earthquake, wha

36、t would you do?練習(xí)：(1)將下列句子改成倒裝句 If he had worked harder, he would have succeeded in the exam in ati on. If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If they were to arrive tomorrow, we should be glad. If it were not for the cloud, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. If I had not fol

37、lowed his advice the n, I would not have done the job so well.(2)用所給詞的正確形式填空 it rain n ext week, we would put off the sports meeti ng off. Had we(know) each other earlier, I would have helped you to set up the compa ny.4. 含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣有時(shí)虛擬的條件并不是直接通過(guò)條件句來(lái)表達(dá)，而是用一些詞(如without，with， but for,otherwise, or, but)或通

38、過(guò)上下文來(lái)說(shuō)明，這種句子叫含蓄條件句。(虛擬主句) Without music, the world would be very dull. But for your help, I wouldn ' t have made such great progress. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we should have bee n late.練習(xí)： We(put) John ' s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. I(go) throu

39、gh that bitter period without your generous help.沒(méi)有你的慷慨幫助，我不可能熬過(guò)那段痛苦的日子。 I' m really very busy, otherwise I(go) there with you. 我真的很忙，否則我會(huì)和你一起去的。*三.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法1.would rather + 賓語(yǔ)從句 I would rather you(come) here tomorrow. I would rather you(tell) the truth.我寧愿你沒(méi)有告訴我真相。 I wish (that) he(visit) us to

40、morrow. I wish I(know) the answer.我希望我知道答案。 I wish I(be) ten years youn ger. I wish that I(go) to the football match last week. I wish that you(be)here yesterday. I wish I(see)you yesterday.3.if only引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句(要是？就好了，但愿) If only Ia bird. If only I(listen)to you.要是我聽(tīng)了你的話就好了。 If only he(come)with us.要是他

41、明天會(huì)/能和我們一起走該多好。4. it is (high/about) time that+ 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去式 / should+ 動(dòng)詞原形“(早)該做某事了”e.g .It is time that I went to school.It is high/ about time that I should go to school. It is high time that we(have)supper. It is time that measures(take)to stop polluti on. It is about time that you(get) the car repa

42、ired.* it is time for sb to do sth注意：如果表示確有可能發(fā)生，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。He walks as if he were drunk.(事實(shí)上他并沒(méi)有醉 ) He walks as if he is drunk.(事實(shí)是他很有可能醉了 ) After I in troduced them to each other, they bega n to talk warmly as if they(know) each other for long. It is so cloudy. It looks as though it(rain). He talks as

43、 if he(be) to many places in the world. It looked as if she(see) a ghost.6. 表示命令或建議的動(dòng)詞 suggest, i nsist, propose, desire, dema nd, request, order, comma nd 等后的賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)使用虛擬should +動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略e.g.The guard at the gate suggested that everybody ( obey) the rules.注意：(1)suggest意義為“建議”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 should + do意義為“說(shuō)明；暗示”時(shí)，從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。(2)insist意義為“堅(jiān)持要求”，從句用should + do意義為“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/解釋，堅(jiān)持表明”時(shí)，從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 They suggested that these booksat once.A. s