語法：比較級,四種時態(tài)

1、形容詞比較級與最高級一比較級當(dāng)我們需要對事物做出比較時，需用到比較級。1.比較級的標(biāo)志詞：than,or,of the two2.比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞be（am/is/are）+形容詞比較級+than(比)+其他 如：I am taller than you.我比你高。He is the taller of the two.他是兩個中最高的。Which one do you like better,apple or orange.蘋果和橙子你更喜歡哪一個？二比較級的變化規(guī)則形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變來的，它的變化規(guī)則是：1.一般的直接在詞尾加er. 如：tall-taller lo

2、ng-longer2.以e結(jié)尾的直接加r. 如：nice-nicer3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，直接把y改為i再加er. 如：happy-happierheavyheavier4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加er. 如：big-bigger,hothotter,thinthinner除此之外，還有幾個詞的比較級是不規(guī)則變化的，如：many/much(原形)-more(比較級)-most(最高級)little/few(原形)-less(比較級)- least(最高級)good/well(原形)-better(比較級)-best(最高級)bad(原形)-worse（比較級）-worst

3、(最高級)far(原形)-farther/further（比較級）-farthest/furthest(最高級)old(原形)-older/elder（比較級）-oldest/eldest(最高級)【注】形容詞最高級的變化類似于比較級，只是把詞尾的er改為est.而且特別要注意的是形容詞最高級前面必須要加定冠詞the.如：tall(原形)-taller(比較級)-the tallest(最高級)long(原形)-longer(比較級)-the longest（最高級）注意：比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。如：典型錯誤： My hair is longer than you .(我的頭發(fā)

4、比你長)比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你（整個人），那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours或My hair is longer than your hair.三形容詞原級、比較級、最高級的基本用法 1.原級用法：如果比較的兩者程度是一樣的，我們會用as.as這個詞組。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：A+be+as+形容詞原形+as+B 表示A和B的程度是一樣的 如：She is as tall as you.她和你一樣高。2.比較級的用法：1）A+be+形容詞比較級+than+B A比B怎么樣。She is taller than you.她比你高。2）比較級+

5、and+比較級（越來越。）Our school is becoming bigger and bigger.我們的學(xué)校變得越來越大。注：若形容詞為多音節(jié)的形容詞應(yīng)改為：more and more+形容詞原形如：Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的學(xué)校變得越來越漂亮。3）the+比較級，the+比較級 （越怎么樣，就越怎么樣）如：如：The more,the better.越多越好。3.最高級的用法：標(biāo)志詞：of/in結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be+形容詞最高級+of/in+比較范圍 （A在。中為最。）He is the tallest in hi

6、s class.他在他的班上是最高的。注：可以用來修飾形容比較的詞有：even/much/little/far/stillHe is much taller than me.他比我高很多。沙場練兵比較級專項訓(xùn)練1.      Which animal do you like _ , cat or dog?A. very much       B. best           C. be

7、tter       D. well2.      We can jump _ on the moon than on the earth.A. more high        B. much         C. high        D. much higher

8、3.      The _ he is, the _ he feels.A. busy; happy        B. busiest; hppiest C. busier; happier       D. busy; happily4.      I dont feel very _ today.A. good   

9、60;        B. well          C. nice         D. fine5.      I think English is as _ as maths.A. important        

10、60; B. more important C. most important         D. importanter6.    Jone Smith is _ of the two young men.A. strong                    B. stronger

11、 C. the stronger                D. the strongest7.  Our classroom is _ in the whole school.A. cleanest                   B. the cl

12、eanest C. cleaner                    D. the cleaner8.  The question is _ than the last one.A very easy       B. much easy       C. very easi

13、er    D. much easier9.  I have two sisters , Lucy is _ of the two.A. nicer          B. the nice         C. the nicer      D. nice10.  The Changjiang River is the _ i

14、n China .A. longer river                 B. longest river C. longest rivers                D. long rivers11.  It is _ today than yesterday.A

15、 cold         B. colder           C. more colder     D. many colder12.  I draw _ and my handwriting is _.A. good; good           &

16、#160;      B. good; well C. well; good              D. well; well13.  It is _ today than yesterday.A cold         B. colder       

17、    C. more colder      D. many colder掌握動詞四大時態(tài)用法并學(xué)會運用一般現(xiàn)在時一一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動作，或是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。常與always,often,usually,sometimes,every day等頻率副詞連用。如：I am a student.我是一名學(xué)生。I often do sports in the park.我經(jīng)常在公園里做運動。Ann likes watching cartoons on TV.安妮喜歡在電視上觀看卡通影片2.一般現(xiàn)在時

18、也用來表示現(xiàn)在的能力、特征、職業(yè)等。如：She sings well.她歌唱得很好。My mother teaches me English.我媽媽教我英語。3.一般現(xiàn)在時還用來表示普遍真理或客觀事實。如：Spring comes after winter.冬天過后是春天。The earth turns around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二基本句式1）陳述句：（肯定形式）主語+動詞+其他。如：I have a book.She has a book. （否定形式）主語+dont/doesnt+動詞原形+其他。如：I dont like it.She doesnt like it.2

19、）一般疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞原形+其他？如：Do you like it?Does she like it?3）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+動詞原形？如：What do you like?What does she like?三當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式時，動詞的變化如下：1.一般情況下，直接在動詞原形后面加s.如：getgets2.以o,s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動詞，在后面加es.如：gogoes,passpasses,teachteaches,wash-washes3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y改成i再加-es,如：flyflies.4.以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的

20、動詞，直接在動詞原形后面加s.如：playplays5.不規(guī)則變化動詞。如：havehas ,beam/is/are dodoes 四現(xiàn)在進行時的用法現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時間正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。如：He is listening to music now.他在聽音樂。Look!Some birds are flying in the sky.看！有幾只鳥在天上飛。Listen!Amy is singing in the next room.聽！艾米正在隔壁房間唱歌。【注】（1）now是現(xiàn)在進行時的標(biāo)志詞 （2）Look!Listen!常常引出一個現(xiàn)在進行時的句子 （3）現(xiàn)在

21、進行時的句子中的v-ing叫做現(xiàn)在分詞1.基本句式(1)陳述句：（肯定形式）主語+be+動詞-ing+其他。如：I am reading a book.She is reading a book.(否定形式)主語+be not+動詞-ing+其他。如：I am not reading a book.She isnt reading a book.(2)一般疑問句：Be+主語+動詞-ing+其他？如：Are you running?Is she reading a book?(3)特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+動詞-ing？如：What are you doing?What is she

22、doing?【注】在肯定句變?yōu)橐蓡柧涞臅r候，注意要把第一人稱改為第二人稱。2.動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成(1)一般情況下，直接在動詞原形后面加-ing。如：readreading(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，把e去掉，再加-ing。如：Writewriting(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，需雙寫最后一個字母再加-ing。如：get-getting,put-putting,sit-sitting,cut-cutting沙場練兵一、用所給動詞的正確形式填空1.My father (be) at home today.2.Jane and Joe (be)students.They (be)in the

23、 park.3. (be)you a bus driver?4.We often (play)in the playground.5.He ( get)up at six oclock every day.6. you (brush)your teeth every morning.7.What (do)he usually (do)after school?8.Danny (study)English,Chinese,maths,science and art at school.9.Mike sometimes (go)to the park with his sister.10. Mik

24、e (read)English every day?11.How many lessons your classmates (have)on Monday?12.What time his mother (do)the housework?二、單項填空（ ）1.Who over there now?A.singing B.are sing C.is singing( )2.Its eight oclock.The students an English class.A.have B.having C.are having( )3.Listen!The baby in the next room

25、.A.crying B.cries C.is crying( )4.Look!The twins new sweaters.A.are wearing B.are wear C.is wearing( )5.Dont talk here.Grandparents .A.is sleeping B.are sleeping C.sleep( )6.Tom in a factory.His sisters in a hospital.A.work,work B.works,work C.work,works( )7.Who English best in your class?A.speak B.

26、speaks C.speaking( )8.Mrs.Read the windows every day.A.is cleaning B.clean C.cleans( )9.We music and we often to music.A.like,listen B.likes,listens C.like,are listening( )10.The twins usually milk and bread for breakfast,but Jim some coffee for it.A.have,have B.have,has C.has,have一般將來時一一般將來時的用法1.一般

27、將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。如：It is going to rain.要下雨了。We are going to have a meeting today.今天我們要開會。He is going to buy a pair of shoes after school.放學(xué)后他要去買雙鞋。I will go to the library this afternoon.今天下午我要去圖書館。二一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)1.陳述句形式1）主語+be going to+v.+其他I am going to visit the Great Wall with my p

28、arents.我將和爸爸媽媽一起去參觀長城。Mike is going to play computer games after finishing his homework.做完作業(yè)后，麥克要玩電腦游戲。2）主語+will+v.+其他。如：It will rain tomorrow.明天會下雨。It will be snowy two days later.兩天后要下雪。2.否定形式1）主語+be+not+going to+v.+其他。如：I am not going to visit the Great Wall with my parents.我不打算和爸爸媽媽一起參觀長城。We are

29、 not(arent) going to have a meeting.我們今天不開會。2）主語+will+not+v.+其他It will not(wont) rain tomorrow.明天不下雨。三一般疑問句形式1.Be+主語+going to+v.+其他？如：-Are you going to visit the Great Wall with your parents?你打算和你父母一起參觀長城嗎？-Yes,I am./No,Im not.是的，我這么打算。/不，我沒這么打算。2.Will+主語+v.+其他？如：-Will it rain tomorrow?明天下雨嗎？-Yes,it

30、 will./No,it will not(wont).是的，下雨./不，不下雨。-Will you water the flowers in the afternoon?你今天下午澆花嗎？-Yes,I will./No,I will not(wont).是的，我澆。/不，我不澆花。 四特殊疑問句的形式1.特殊疑問詞+be+主語+going to+v.+其他？如：I am going to visit the Great Wall with my parents. What are you going to do?2.特殊疑問詞+will+主語+v.+其他？如：It will rai

31、n tomorrow. When will it rain? 【注】will沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。be going to結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞要隨人稱的變化而變化。一般過去式一一般過去式的用法一般過去式表示發(fā)生了的動作或狀態(tài)，常與yesterday,last night,last week等表示過去的時間連用。 1. 1.基本句式1)陳述句：（肯定形式）主語+動詞過去式+其他。如：I played football yesterday.She played football yesterday.(否定形式)主語+didnt+動詞原形+其他。如：I didint play footb

32、all yesterday.She didnt play football yesteday.2)一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其他？如：Did you go to the park？Did she read a book?3)特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：Where did you go? What did she buy?2. 2.動詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 1）一般情況下，直接在動詞原形后面加-ed.如：playplayed worked 2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，在后面加-d.如：dance-danced used lived 3)

33、以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y改為i再加ed.如：try-tried studied carried 4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，需雙寫最后一個字母再加-ed.如：stop-stopped 5)不規(guī)則變化的動詞。如；am/is-was,are-were,do/does-did,comecame,take-took,make-made,go-went,runran,get-got,buy-bought,bring-brought沙場練兵單項選擇題（ ）1.-Look!There isnt any bus at this time. -Lets A.take a bus B.get on