202X版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題二介詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)課件

1、專題二介詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)高考高考英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ) (浙江專用)題組一介詞三年模擬A A組組 20172019 20172019年高考模擬年高考模擬考點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)題組考點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)題組1.(2019浙江名校協(xié)作體二模,60)The word cryptology comes the Greek“kyptos logos”. It means “hidden word”. 答案答案from句意:“密碼學(xué)”這個(gè)詞來(lái)自希臘語(yǔ)“kyptos logos”。意思是“隱藏字”。本句中,所填單詞和之前的單詞一起組成come from,表示“來(lái)自”之意。2.(2019浙江江山中學(xué)一模,61)A girl big eyes from J

2、iangshan High School won first prize in the contest. 答案答案with句意:在比賽中, 來(lái)自江山中學(xué)的一位大眼睛的姑娘獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。本句中,with意為“具有”。3.(2019廣東華南師大附中期中)It is unbelievable that the old man leads a simple life his great wealth. 答案答案despite句意:令人難以置信的是,盡管很富有,但是那位老先生過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。根據(jù)句意可知,此處用despite,意為“盡管”。4.(2019浙江寧海三中月考)The father said

3、that he was sure his son could achieve the goal time. 答案答案in句意:父親說(shuō)他確信他兒子遲早會(huì)達(dá)到目標(biāo)的。in time遲早。5.(2018浙江寧波5月模擬,57)Take plastics an example.答案答案as句意:以塑料為例。take.as an example表示“以為例”。答案答案by根據(jù)“一個(gè)人得到一本書(shū)有兩種方法,其中一種方法就是通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)”和分析句子成分可知,paying for it在句中作方式狀語(yǔ),故答案為by。6.(2018浙江臺(tái)州一模, 59)There are two ways one can own

4、a book. One is to get the ownership paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.7.(2018浙江紹興二模,64)We should be open various ideas, but always think and decide for ourselves.答案答案to句意:我們應(yīng)該對(duì)各種各樣的觀點(diǎn)持開(kāi)放態(tài)度,但總是獨(dú)立思考和決定。be open to對(duì)開(kāi)放。8.(2018河北名校聯(lián)盟, 68)Apart the academic benefit, life at universit

5、y can also allow stu-dents to develop their interests in many fields.答案答案from句意:除了學(xué)術(shù)上的好處,大學(xué)生活還可以讓學(xué)生在許多領(lǐng)域中發(fā)展自己的興趣。apart from除了。題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.(2019浙江建德期末聯(lián)考,65)But I am concerned the friendship with Sally. What should I do?答案答案about考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:但是我很在意和Sally的友誼。我該怎么辦呢?此處,be concerned about是固定短語(yǔ),表示“擔(dān)憂”,故填

6、about。2.(2019上海虹口期末)You must take advantage this chance to get clear of the history of the castle.答案答案of句意:你必須利用這次機(jī)會(huì)搞清楚那個(gè)城堡的歷史。take advantage of利用。3.(2019浙江衢州期末)The study shows that body language can give a lot about your mood. 答案答案away句意:研究表明肢體語(yǔ)言可能會(huì)泄露許多你的情緒。give away泄露。4.(2018浙江杭州一模, 63)I ended as

7、a manager of this company after years of hard work.答案答案up句意:在多年的辛苦工作之后,我最終成了這家公司的經(jīng)理。end up最終成為。5.(2018江淮十校聯(lián)考, 64)He was satisfied it, and drove it to work in the very next day.答案答案withbe satisfied with sth.對(duì)某事/物感到滿意。6.(2017浙江3月大聯(lián)考, 57) It occurred me that I had an opportunity to perform an act of ki

8、ndness.答案答案to句意:我突然想到我有一個(gè)可以做善事的機(jī)會(huì)。occur to表示“(主意或想法突然)浮現(xiàn)于腦中,被想起,被想到”。B B組組 2017201920172019年高考模擬年高考模擬專題綜合題組專題綜合題組題組一介詞題組一介詞1.(2019安徽合肥一模,55)The man hesitated for only a moment taking a deep breath and said,“Yes, Ill do it if it will save her.”答案答案 before考查介詞。此處的語(yǔ)境是那人只猶豫了一下就深吸了一口氣說(shuō)他愿意。be-fore意為“在之前”。

9、 2.(2019浙江寧波北侖4月模擬,65)His desire was that no child would ever spend Christmas a special Christmas fruit!答案答案without考查介詞。句意:他的愿望是所有的孩子都在圣誕節(jié)有一個(gè)特殊的圣誕水果!根據(jù)句意可知此處用without,雙重否定表示肯定。3.(2019浙江寧波五校模擬)I, behalf of everyone in our class, welcome you to be here. 答案答案on句意:我代表我們班的每一個(gè)人歡迎你來(lái)這里。on behalf of為固定詞組,意為“代

10、表”。4.(2019浙江蕭山一模,59)The woman said she was by no means annoyed; the contrary, she was glad to hear the different opinion.答案答案on句意:那個(gè)女士說(shuō)她一點(diǎn)兒都不生氣,正相反,她很高興聽(tīng)到不同的意見(jiàn)。on the contrary意為“正相反”。 5.(2018浙江名校聯(lián)盟二模, 64)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that we can entirely be free dust.答案答案of/from句意:雨

11、季最令人愉快的事是我們可以徹底地遠(yuǎn)離塵土。be free of/from表示“遠(yuǎn)離”。6.(2018浙江金麗衢一模,56)He put an advertisement a newspaper for a man to work in his office.答案答案inin a newspaper意為“在報(bào)紙上”。如果表示的是報(bào)紙里的內(nèi)容,要用介詞in,不用on。7.(2018浙江金華十校一模,64)She says every time she reads a new poem, she thinks of the theme and tries to write one her own.答

12、案答案on句意:她說(shuō)每次當(dāng)她讀到一首新的詩(shī)歌的時(shí)候,她都會(huì)思考其主題,并嘗試自己獨(dú)立地寫(xiě)一首。on ones own 意為“獨(dú)立地”。易混辨析易混辨析 on ones own 的意思是“獨(dú)自地;獨(dú)立地”,而of ones own的意思是“屬于某人自己的”。如:I did one on my own. 我自己做了一個(gè)。I have a bedroom of my own. 我有一個(gè)屬于我自己的臥室。8.(2017浙江鄞州4月模擬,61)The nighttime snacks are not good your health.答案答案for句意:夜間的零食對(duì)你的身體健康不利。此處考查固定詞組be

13、 good for sb./sth.。9.(2017浙江寧諾附中質(zhì)檢,65)When you are talking to someone by texting, physical touch does not exist at all, which can limit the connection the people in the communication.答案答案between 句意:當(dāng)你和某人通過(guò)短信交流的時(shí)候,身體的接觸根本不存在,這會(huì)限制交流的人之間的聯(lián)系?？疾榻樵~。此處指在交流雙方之間,所以用between。題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.(2019湖北武漢十二校聯(lián)考,58)I

14、n the past, the village was almost cut from the world.答案答案off句意:在過(guò)去,這個(gè)村莊幾乎與世隔絕。cut off使與外界隔絕。2.(2019上海靜安二模,61) Still angry, the girl turned the boys request for another ap-pointment. 答案答案down句意:由于還在生氣,那個(gè)女孩拒絕了男生再次約會(huì)的請(qǐng)求。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。turn down拒絕。3.(2019河西三地市聯(lián)考,62)On their arrival there, they got down the ser

15、ious work. 答案答案to句意:一到那里,他們就開(kāi)始認(rèn)真工作。get down to 開(kāi)始做。4.(2018浙江金麗衢十二校二模,62)Everyone else stepped over the book I had put the floor purposely.答案答案onput.on.意為“把放在上”。5.(2018山東濟(jì)寧聯(lián)考,62)So when Angelicas post office was informed of closure in the 1980s, resident Pat Kaake came up a plan to save it.答案答案with句意

16、:所以在20世紀(jì)80年代,當(dāng)Angelica的郵局被告知將要關(guān)閉的時(shí)候,居民Pat Kaake想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃來(lái)拯救它。come up with意為“想出”。6.(2017浙江名校協(xié)作體4月,63)Nowadays, in my second semester, I feel like I have almost adapt-ed the university life.答案答案to句意:現(xiàn)在,在我的第二個(gè)學(xué)期,我感覺(jué)我基本上適應(yīng)了大學(xué)生活。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)adapt to表示“適應(yīng)”。C C組組 2017 201720192019年高考模擬年高考模擬應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新題組應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新題組Passage1(用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?/p>

17、詞或副詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空)In the chemistry lab,because1 a students carelessness,the tube cracked and the liquid in it caused a fire on the table.Fortunately,he put it out2 time at last.In fact,it is common to have some small accidents caused3 carelessness.I used to enjoy cook-ing,so I always sought a chance

18、 to cook.However,the desire led4 an accident.Once I stayed5 home alone.I decided to cook.I put all the food I needed6 a pot.Then I had to wait7 it to boil.In order to kill the waiting time,I went to watch TV.Only in a few minutes was I fascinated by a wonderful programme.It was about half an hour la

19、ter that I remembered my food.I turned8 the cooker immediately but unfortunately the food ran over9 the pot.I was blamed and had to clean the kitchen.So we should pay attention10 everything we are doing to avoid accidents.答案答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為記敘文。作者通過(guò)自己的經(jīng)歷告訴讀者在日常生活中應(yīng)該處處小心以免發(fā)生意外。1.of設(shè)空處后的中心詞為名詞carelessness,設(shè)空處

20、前為because,由此可判斷設(shè)空處填of。be-cause of是介詞短語(yǔ),意為:由于。2.in句意:幸運(yùn)的是,最后他及時(shí)將火撲滅了。in time及時(shí)。3.by句意:事實(shí)上,由于粗心而導(dǎo)致一些小事故很常見(jiàn)。by意為:被,由。本句中“caused.”作定語(yǔ),修飾accidents。4.to句意:然而,這種欲望卻導(dǎo)致了一次事故。lead to是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意為:導(dǎo)致。5.at句意:一次我獨(dú)自待在家里。stay at home為固定短語(yǔ),意為:待在家里。6.into句意:我將我所需要的所有食物都放進(jìn)一口鍋里。o.將放進(jìn)。7.forwait for為固定短語(yǔ),意為:等待。8.offtu

21、rn off關(guān)閉煤氣、電路等。9.fromrun over from從中溢出。10.topay attention to為固定短語(yǔ),意為:注意。Passage2(用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空)My husband and I were paying a visit1 my parents in Tucson.We went to a fast food restaurant2 dinner together.My husband went to the counter to order dishes and I stood with my parents.My dad is 9

22、0 years old.He can hardly see very well and walks3 a stick.I was scanning the restaurant,waiting to sit at the first table that was more convenient than others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact4 me and asked me to come to her.With a puzzled look 5 my face,I pointed6 myself and sa

23、id,“Me?” She nodded and said,“Yes,you.”I walked to the table and she said,“Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter.My son is7 a hurry to leave anyway.” My eyes were filled with tears as she wiped8 the table and guid-ed my dad to the seat.I always believe that there are naturally ki

24、nd people9 this world.This woman has set a good example10 her son,who is a really lucky guy.答案答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為記敘文。作者一家去一家快餐店吃飯,由于老父親行動(dòng)不便,作者想等著坐第一張桌子,因?yàn)槟菑堊雷颖绕渌母奖?。這時(shí)一位女士主動(dòng)給他們讓座還幫他們擦干凈桌子,并幫著攙扶作者的老父親坐下,這使得作者深信世上還是好心人多。1.topay a visit to為固定短語(yǔ),意為:拜訪。2.for句意:我們?nèi)チ艘患铱觳偷暌黄鸪燥?。for表示目的,意為:為了。3.withwith表示使用工具或手段。4.wit

25、hmake eye contact with sb.為固定短語(yǔ),意為:用眼神交流,目光相遇。5.on此處表示“我臉上的表情”,故用介詞on。6.topoint to為固定短語(yǔ),意為:指著。7.inin a hurry為固定短語(yǔ),意為:匆忙,倉(cāng)促。8.downwipe down the table表示:把桌子徹底擦干凈。9.inin this world為固定短語(yǔ),意為:在這個(gè)世界上。10.toset an example to.為固定短語(yǔ),意為:為樹(shù)立榜樣。題組一介詞題組一介詞1.(2019江蘇,27)Favorable policies are effect to encourage emp

26、loyees professional devel-opment.歷年高考試題匯編答案答案in句意:為了鼓勵(lì)員工的職業(yè)發(fā)展,一些有利的政策開(kāi)始生效。in effect生效。2.(2018北京,14)Good morning, Mr. Lees office.Good morning. Id like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon.答案答案for句意:早上好,這里是Lee先生的辦公室。早上好,我想預(yù)約下周三下午的見(jiàn)面。本題考查介詞的基本用法。appointment for.在此處表示“的預(yù)約”。3.(2018天津,11)Bob t

27、hought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went all.答案答案after句意:由于得寫(xiě)一份報(bào)告,鮑勃原以為自己參加不了那場(chǎng)聚會(huì)了,但是他最后還是去參加了。本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)。after all還是,終究。故填after。4.(2018江蘇,33)Chinas soft power grows in line the increasing appreciation and under-standing of China globally.答案答案with句意:中國(guó)軟實(shí)力的增長(zhǎng)是與全球?qū)?/p>

28、中國(guó)不斷增長(zhǎng)的欣賞和理解緊密相連的。考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in line with為固定短語(yǔ),意為:與相似;與緊密相連。5.(2017北京,35)Many people who live along the coast make a living fishing industry.答案答案in 句意:很多居住在沿海的人都從事捕魚(yú)業(yè)謀生。本題考查介詞。in表示“從事某種工作”,符合語(yǔ)境。6.(2017天津,12)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be trees that are over 1,000 y

29、ears old.答案答案among句意:當(dāng)你開(kāi)車(chē)穿越加利福尼亞州的紅杉林時(shí),你會(huì)置身于樹(shù)齡超過(guò)一千年的樹(shù)木之中。設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用介詞表示“在之中”,故用among。7.(2017江蘇,32)Determining where we are in relation our surroundings remains an essen-tial skill for our survival.答案答案to 句意:通過(guò)對(duì)比我們周?chē)沫h(huán)境來(lái)確定我們的位置仍然是我們生存的重要技能。本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in relation to sth.“相對(duì)某事物而言”,符合語(yǔ)境,故此處填to。8.(2016浙江,6)Tha

30、t young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. short, hes reliable. 答案答案In句意:那個(gè)年輕人誠(chéng)實(shí)且有合作精神,當(dāng)你需要他幫忙的時(shí)候,他總是在那兒。簡(jiǎn)言之,他是值得信賴的。in short 簡(jiǎn)言之。9.(2016浙江,7)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic pro-cesses by which we see the world around us. 答案答案in句意:這項(xiàng)研

31、究表明我們成長(zhǎng)的文化影響我們看待周?chē)澜绲幕经h(huán)節(jié)。本句采用定語(yǔ)從句的形式考查介詞?！皐e grow up ”為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為the cultures,將先行詞代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:We grow up in the cultures.故設(shè)空處填介詞in。10.(2015浙江,10)Most people work because its unavoidable. contrast,there are some peo-ple who actually enjoy work.答案答案 By句意:大多數(shù)人工作是因?yàn)槟鞘遣豢杀苊獾?相比之下,還有一些人是真的喜歡工作。by contrast相比之下

32、,對(duì)比而言。11.(2015浙江,17)These comments came in response specific questions often asked by local newsmen.答案答案to句意:對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)匦侣動(dòng)浾叱３?wèn)起的特定問(wèn)題,這些評(píng)論正好作出了回復(fù)。in re-sponse to作為對(duì)的回應(yīng)。12.(2015浙江,3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?答案答案to句意:你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)成為在陸地上和海里的動(dòng)物的棲息地的樹(shù)嗎?be home to為固定搭配,

33、意為:是的棲息地。13.(2015重慶,10)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 the average.答案答案above句意:去年是有記錄以來(lái)最溫暖的一年,全球氣溫超過(guò)了平均氣溫0.68攝氏度。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處表示“在之上,高于”,所以要用介詞above。14.(2015江蘇,34)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but Thomas Edison.答案答案 for句意:要不是Thomas Edison

34、,許多現(xiàn)在讓我們獲益的東西都不會(huì)存在。根據(jù)句意和該句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣可知答案為for。but for要不是。15.(2015安徽,33)They believe that there are transport developments the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.答案答案around句意:他們相信交通的發(fā)展就要到來(lái)了,這將會(huì)帶來(lái)很多更好的變化。around the corner就要到來(lái)。16.(2015福建,22)A common memory they all have their schooldays

35、is the school uniform.答案答案of句意:他們對(duì)于他們學(xué)生時(shí)代的共同記憶是校服。本句包含一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句“they all have their schooldays”,將先行詞memory代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:They all have a common memory their schooldays.由此可見(jiàn)設(shè)空處填of。of可用于說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的名詞之后,表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。17.(2015福建,32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to sur-vive is to li

36、ve in harmony nature.答案答案 with句意:人類生活被認(rèn)為是大自然的一部分,嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái),我們生存的唯一方式是與大自然和睦相處。in harmony with與協(xié)調(diào)。18.(2015湖北,30)This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you ad-vance that if you smoked here you would be fined.答案答案 in 句意:這間會(huì)議室是無(wú)煙區(qū)。我想事先提醒你如果在這兒吸煙的話你會(huì)被罰款的。in advance提前,事先。19.(2015陜西,12)The

37、 little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.答案答案by句意:那個(gè)小學(xué)生挽著奶奶的手臂帶她過(guò)了馬路。take sb.by the arm“挽著某人的手臂”。此處的by表示“抓著(物體或身體的某個(gè)部位)”。20.(2014重慶,7)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went the road.答案答案off句意:她在轉(zhuǎn)彎處開(kāi)得如此快,以至于車(chē)差點(diǎn)偏離公路。off 離開(kāi),偏離。21.(2014福建,22)Our club is ope

38、n to everyone regardless age,sex or educational back-ground.答案答案of句意:我們的俱樂(lè)部對(duì)所有人開(kāi)放,不分年齡、性別和教育背景。regardless of不管,不顧。22.(2014浙江,10)While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything return.答案答案in句意:在村莊停留期間,James無(wú)私地和村民分享他所擁有的一切,不要求任何回報(bào)。23

39、.(2014浙江,12)Facing up to your problems instead running away from them is the best approach to working things out.答案答案of句意:面對(duì)你的問(wèn)題而不是逃避它們才是解決問(wèn)題的最好辦法。instead of 而不是。24.(2014陜西,14)The Scottish girl blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.答案答案with句意:在第五屆漢語(yǔ)演講比賽中,那位有著一雙藍(lán)色眼睛的蘇格蘭姑娘獲

40、得了一等獎(jiǎng)。with表示“具有”。25.(2014江西,33)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life his great wealth.答案答案despite句意:令人難以置信的是,盡管很富有,Lucas先生過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。despite 盡管。題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)題組二動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.(2019江蘇,24)More wind power stations will spring to meet the demand for clean energy.答案答案up句意:為了滿足對(duì)清潔能源的需求,更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會(huì)迅速出現(xiàn)。spring

41、up迅速出現(xiàn);突然興起。2.(2018天津,3)At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave as she was so confident about her skills.答案答案in句意:起初羅伯特不讓他女兒去潛水,但他最終還是妥協(xié)了,因?yàn)樗龑?duì)自己的(潛水)技能很自信。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。give in屈服;讓步;投降。3.(2018江蘇,25)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which

42、 calls a clear road map and timetable.答案答案for句意:開(kāi)發(fā)長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)化的工程,這項(xiàng)工程需要一個(gè)清晰的路線圖和時(shí)間表?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。call for 需要;要求。4.(2017天津,5)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle , get married, and have kids.答案答案down 句意:Brown夫婦想看到他們的女兒定居、結(jié)婚生子。settle down表示“過(guò)安定的生活,安定下來(lái)”,符合語(yǔ)境。5.(2017江蘇,25)Working with t

43、he medical team in Africa has brought the best in her as a doctor.答案答案out句意:在非洲醫(yī)療隊(duì)的工作讓她作為醫(yī)生的才能得到了最大限度的發(fā)揮。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。bring out意為“使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出”,符合語(yǔ)境,故填out。6.(2016浙江,12)When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut from the world. 答案答案off句意:當(dāng)孩子們住得離這些老年人遠(yuǎn)時(shí),他們就覺(jué)得與世隔絕。cut off使與外界隔絕。7.(

44、2016天津,14)I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry a con-versation with her. 答案答案on句意:我討厭上班時(shí)她給我打電話我總是很忙,沒(méi)法和她進(jìn)行談話。carry on 進(jìn)行,從事。8.(2016天津,12)Im going to take advantage this tour to explore the history of the castle. 答案答案of句意:我打算利用這次旅行去探索那座城堡的歷史。take advantage of利用。9.(2016天津,8)M

45、ary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice her opinion on the subject. 答案答案to句意:在討論的前期瑪麗一言不發(fā),但最后她就這個(gè)話題發(fā)表了意見(jiàn)。give voice to表露心聲,表白心跡。10.(2016江蘇,30)Many businesses started up by college students have taken thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.答案答案off句意:多虧寬松的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,很多大學(xué)生創(chuàng)辦的公司都已經(jīng)取得成功了。take off成功,起飛。11.(2015江蘇,27)The university started some new language programs to cater the coun