論文參考文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式

1、規(guī)范的參考文獻(xiàn)格式一、參考文獻(xiàn)的類型參考文獻(xiàn)(即引文出處)的類型以單字母方式標(biāo)識(shí)，具體如下：M 專著C論文集N報(bào)紙文章J期刊文章D學(xué)位論文R報(bào)告S標(biāo)準(zhǔn)P專利A 文章對(duì)于不屬于上述的文獻(xiàn)類型，采用字母“Z”標(biāo)識(shí)。常用的電子文獻(xiàn)及載體類型標(biāo)識(shí)：DB /OL聯(lián)機(jī)網(wǎng)上數(shù)據(jù) (database online)DB/MT -磁帶數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(database on magnetic tape)M/CD光盤(pán)圖書(shū)(monograph on CD ROM)CP/ DK-磁盤(pán)軟件(computer program on disk)J /O L 網(wǎng)上期刊 (serial online)E B /OL -網(wǎng)上電子公告 (e

2、lectronic bulletin board online)對(duì)于英文參考文獻(xiàn)，還應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)：作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原則，具體格式是： 姓，名字的首字母.如：Malcolm Richard Cowley應(yīng)為：Cowley, M.R.,如果有兩位作者，第一位作者方式不變，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面， 姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris與Irving Gordon應(yīng)為：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.;書(shū)名、報(bào)刊名使用斜體字，如： Mastering English Literature , English Weekly。二、參考文獻(xiàn)的格式及

3、舉例1 .期刊類【格式】序號(hào)作者.篇名J.刊名，出版年份，卷號(hào)(期號(hào))：起止頁(yè)碼.【舉例】1周融，任志國(guó)，楊尚雷，厲星星.對(duì)新形勢(shì)下畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)管理工作的思考與實(shí)踐J.電氣電子教學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2003(6): 107-109.2夏魯惠.高等學(xué)校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)教學(xué)情況調(diào)研報(bào)告J.高等理科教育，2004(1):46-52.3 Heider, E.R.& D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages J. Foreign Language Teaching and Research1 19

4、99, (3): 62 -67.2 .專著類【格式】序號(hào)作者.書(shū)名M.出版地：出版社，出版年份：起止頁(yè)碼.【舉例】4劉國(guó)鈞，王連成.圖書(shū)館史研究M.北京：高等教育出版社，1979: 15-18, 31.5 Gill, R. Mastering English Literature M. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.3 .報(bào)紙類【格式】序號(hào)作者.篇名N.報(bào)紙名，出版日期(版次).【舉例】6李大倫.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的重要性N.光明日?qǐng)?bào)，1998-12-27(3).7 French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from ChinaN. At

5、lantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).4 .論文集【格式】序號(hào)作者.篇名C.出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始頁(yè)碼 .【舉例】8伍蠡甫.西方文論選C.上海：上海譯文出版社，1979: 12-17.9 Spivak,G . Can the Subaltern Speak? ”A. In C.Nelson & L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism C. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.271-313.10 Almarza, G.G. Student forei

6、gn language teacher's knowledge growth A. In D.Freeman and J.C.Richards (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language Teaching C. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp.50-78.5 .學(xué)位論文【格式】序號(hào)作者.篇名D.出版地：保存者，出版年份：起始頁(yè)碼.【舉例】11張筑生.微分半動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的不變集D.北京：北京大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)系數(shù)學(xué)研究所，1983:1-7.6 .研究報(bào)告【格式】序號(hào)作者.篇名R.出版地：出版者，出版年份：起始頁(yè)

7、碼 .【舉例】12馮西橋.核反應(yīng)堆壓力管道與壓力容器的LBB分析R.北京：清華大學(xué)核能技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)研究院,1997: 9-10.7 .專利【格式】序號(hào)專利所有者.題名P.國(guó)別：專利號(hào)，發(fā)布日期.【舉例】13姜錫洲I .一種溫?zé)嵬夥笏幹苽浞桨窹.中國(guó)專利：881056073, 1989 - 07- 26.8 .標(biāo)準(zhǔn)【格式】序號(hào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號(hào)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱S.【舉例】14 GB/T 16159 1996,漢語(yǔ)拼音正詞法基本規(guī)則S.9 .條例【格式】序號(hào)頒布單位.條例名稱.發(fā)布日期【舉例】15中華人民共和國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)委員會(huì).科學(xué)技術(shù)期干J管理辦法Z.1991 060510 .電子文獻(xiàn)【格式】序號(hào)主要責(zé)任者.電子文獻(xiàn)

8、題名.電子文獻(xiàn)出處電子文獻(xiàn)及載體類型標(biāo)識(shí).或可獲得地址，發(fā)表或更新日期/引用日期.【舉例】16王明亮.關(guān)于中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)期刊標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)工程的進(jìn)展EB/OL.http: “ 2html, 1998 -08 -16/1998 T0 -04.17萬(wàn)錦.中國(guó)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)論文文摘(1983- 1993).英文版DB/CD.北京：中國(guó)大百 科全書(shū)出版社,1996.11 .各種未定義類型的文獻(xiàn)【格式】序號(hào)主要責(zé)任者.文獻(xiàn)題名Z.出版地：出版者，出版年. 三、注釋注釋是對(duì)論文正文中某一特定內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步解釋或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。注釋?xiě)?yīng)置于本頁(yè)頁(yè)腳，前面用圈碼、等標(biāo)識(shí)。1 Quinn B, Almeroth K. RFC 31

9、70-2001, IP multicast applications: Challenges and solutions5 . USA: IETF, 2001: 3-12.2 Perrig A, Tygar J D. Secure Broadcast Communication: In Wired and Wireless NetworksM. USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002: 32-76.3 Sun Yan, Liu K J R. Hierarchical Group Access Control for Secure MulticastCommu

10、nications J. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2007, 15(6): 1514-1526.4 Harney H, Muckenhirn C. RFC 2093-1997, Group Key Management Protocol (GKMP) Specification S. USA: IETF, 1997: 2-3.5 Wong C K, Gouda M, Lam S S. Secure Group Communications Using Key Graphs J. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networki

11、ng, 2000, 8(1): 16-30.6 Rafaeli S, Mathy L, Hutchison D. draft-rafaeli-lkh2-00-2002, LKH+2: An improvement on the LKH+ algorithm for removal operations S. USA: IETF, 2002: 8-11.7 Lin Jenchiun, Tzeng Chienhua, Lai Feipei. Optimizing Centralized Secure Group Communications with Bi nary Key Tree Recomp

12、osition C/Proceedings of AINA' 04.Fukuoka: IEEE Press, 2004:202-207.8 Zhu Wentao. Optimizing the Tree Structure in Secure Multicast Key Management J. Communications Letters, IEEE, 2005, 9(5): 477-479.9 Sherman A T, McGrew D A. Key Establishment in Large Dynamic Groups Using One-Way Function Tree

13、s J. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 2003, 29(5): 444-458.10 Kang Qiaoyan, Meng Xiangru, Wang Jianfeng. AN Optimized LKH Scheme Based onOne-Way Hash Function for Secure Group Commun ications C/Proceedings of ICCT' 06.Guilin: IEEE Press, 2006: 1-4.11 Ghanem S M, Abdel-Wahab H. A Simple

14、 XOR-based Technique for Distributing Group Key in Secure Multicasting C/Proceedings of ISCCAntibes: IE EECP ress, 2000: 166-171.12 Duma C, Shahmehri N, Lambrix P. A Hybrid Key Tree Scheme for Multicast to Balance Security and Efficiency Requirements C/Proceedings of the WETICE' 03. Linz: IEEEPr

15、ess, 2003: 208-213.13 Onen M, Molva R. Reliable Group Rekeying with a Customer Perspective C/Proceedings of GLOBECOM '04. Dallas: IEEE Press, 2004: 2072-2076.14 Ng W H D, Howarth M, Sun Zhili, Cruickshank H. Dynamic Balanced Key Tree Management for Secure Multicast Communications J. IEEE Transac

16、tions on Computers, 2007, 56(5): 590-605.15 Kwak D W, Lee S J, Kim J W, E J. An efficient LKH tree balancing algorithm for group key management J. Communications Letters, IEEE, 2006, 10(3): 222-224.16 Xu Lihao, Huang Cheng. Computation-Efficient Multicast Key Distribution J. IEEE Transactions on Par

17、allel and Distributed Systems, 2008, 19(5): 577-587.17 Khabiri E, Bettayeb S. Efficient Algorithms for Secure Multicast key Management C/Proceedings of 31st IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks. Tampa: IEEE Press, 2006: 787-792.18 Aye W, Siddiqi M U. ESKD: An Efficient and Scalable Key Distribution Scheme for SecureGroup Communication C/ Proceedings of ICN/ICONS/MCL ' 06. Morne: IEEEss, 2006: 75-75.19 Abdulhadi S, Ralf L, Sorin A H. Reliabl