代詞復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

1、中考復(fù)習(xí)之代詞學(xué)案稿中考考點(diǎn)1. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的不同形式及其用法。2.反身代詞和指示代詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化3.不定代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞的基本用法?？记榉治鰪慕迥昕疾榍闆r來(lái)看，代詞是每年的必考點(diǎn)，每年均考查其中的一個(gè)考點(diǎn)，其中不定 代詞是重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),2016年備考應(yīng)掌握好代詞的各個(gè)考點(diǎn)。廣東歷年中考真題()1. Lucy has two aun ts.of them are n urses.A. EachB. BothC. All D. None)2.1 have two brothers. One is a teacher,is a driver.)3. Is there in today*

2、s n ewspaper?A. new somethi ng B. new anything)4. Is there I can do for you?A. somethi ngB. anything)5. You should do your homework by,A. ano therB, otherA. youB. yourself)6. There is with my computer, It does n't work.A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong C. wrong someth ing)7, Can I use your bike

3、 for a while?Nothi ng.C. any thi ngD.newsomethi ngC. no thi ngD.childre n.everythiC. the other D, othersC. yourselvesD.yoursD. someth ing wrongYes, you may use bike. Tom's bike is here and I can use.A. my; mi neB. mine; hisC. my; his D. her; hers)8, Is this your dicti on ary? -No,is in my bag.A.

4、 hersB. mi neC. yours D. myself)9. Don't worry. He*s got much food. You can share some of.A. mineB. yoursC. his D.hers)10. -Which do you prefer, bananas or oranges? -. I enjoy eating apples.A. BothB. Either)11. Is that dog? -No.is white.A. his; HisB. her; Its)12. My father is ill in bed. I have

5、to look afterA. heB. hisC. NeitherD. AllC. he; His D. her; Her at home.C. himD, himself)13. -Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jorda n?-of them. Lin Shuhao is my favorite.A. AllB. No neC. EitherD. Neither)14, We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one?No. Can you s

6、how me?A. ano ther B. each other C. the other D, others)15 Hello, Li nda is speaki ng. Who's? Hello, this is Mart in.A. heB. oneC. thatD. this()16. Boys, don't lose in play ing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to playcomputer games for a long time.A. himselfB. yourselfC. themselvesD. you

7、rselves( )17.Look at this model ship. I made it all by last week.-Wow, you are so smart!A. meB. myC. mi neD. myself考點(diǎn)一人稱代詞分類：人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)、格的變化。詳見(jiàn)下表：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)中文我我們你你們他她它他(她/它)們主格Iyouyouhesheit賓格meUSyouitthem用法一般情況下，主格在句了中作句了的主語(yǔ)，賓格在句了中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。特別提醒！代詞的位置順序：?jiǎn)螖?shù)是二、三、一，即you, he and I ；復(fù)數(shù)是一、二、

8、三，即we, you and they o考點(diǎn)二物主代詞分類：物主代詞是用來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系的。物主代詞又分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞詳見(jiàn)下表：人稱數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱單數(shù)my復(fù)數(shù)ourours第二人稱單數(shù)your復(fù)數(shù)youryours第三人稱單數(shù)hishisheritsits復(fù)數(shù)their物主代詞的用法形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用，用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞的作用；名詞性物主代詞單獨(dú)使用，相當(dāng)于名詞的作用。名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。女口：這是他的電腦。This is his computer. = This computer is his.鞏固練習(xí)(一

9、)()1. Miss Wang is En glish teacher.has two childre n.A.our; SheB. us; HerC. our; her D. us; she()2. Who is the boy over there? is my brother.A. HeB. HisC. HimD.()3. Last Sun day everybody went to the cin ema exceptSheA. me and Tom B. Tom and me C. Tom and I D. I and Tom )4.have bee n chose n.A. I,

10、you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You,a nd me )5. Whose watch is it? It's. Isaw her wearing it this morning.A. hisB. hers)6.classroom is clea n, but is dirty.C. mi neD. yoursA. We; heB. Ours; hisC. Our; his D.we; him考點(diǎn)三反身代詞1.含義：反身代詞表示“某人自己”。詳見(jiàn)下表人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱ourselves第二人稱yourself第三人稱He

11、rself / himself / itself2.構(gòu)成規(guī)律：第一、二人稱用形容詞性物主代詞 +self / selves;第二人稱用人稱代詞賓格+self? selves o3. 反身代詞的用法（1）反身代詞在句了中用作賓語(yǔ)，和句子中的主語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng)，表不主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是指同一人或物。女口：這個(gè)女孩太小，不能照顧自己。The girl is too you ng to look after.（2）反身代詞用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)“本人，親自”，在句中的位置比較靈活。 女口：我自己能做好這項(xiàng)工作。I can do this work well. = I can do this work.4, 常見(jiàn)含反身

12、代詞的短語(yǔ)及詞組：玩得愉快請(qǐng)自便！請(qǐng)隨便吃/喝. 獨(dú)自地；單獨(dú)的照顧自己自言自語(yǔ)；心里想自學(xué)蘇醒傷害自己 自己穿衣考點(diǎn)四指示代詞指不代詞是表不指示概念的代詞，可以在句了中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。指不代詞有單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)this （這個(gè)）（這些）指近處that (那個(gè))（那些）指遠(yuǎn)處指示代詞的用法1. this/that可用于電話用語(yǔ)中，this代表自己，that則代表對(duì)方。女口： Hello! This is Jane.喂！我是簡(jiǎn)。Is that Mike?你是邁克嗎？Who is that?你是誰(shuí)？2. it, one, that的用法區(qū)別為了避免重復(fù)，可以用it, one, that代替上文岀

13、現(xiàn)的名詞。注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1）it用來(lái)指上文提及的事物或情況。女口：她喜歡這個(gè)故事，因?yàn)楹苡腥?。She enjoyed the story because it is very in terest in g.這食物很可口，我很喜歡。The food is delicious. I like it very much.（2）one用以指代上下文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為on es。女口：你的自行車(chē)很漂亮。我也想買(mǎi)一輛。Your bike is very nice. I also want to buy one.（3）that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞，如指代可

14、數(shù)名詞復(fù)those，為了避免重復(fù)。女口：北京的天氣比廣州冷得多的樹(shù)比右邊的書(shū)多一些。數(shù)要用1.The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangzhou. 左邊The trees on the left is more than those on the right.知識(shí)拓展-it的用法代替前面提到過(guò)的事物。女口：這是一塊手表，它是新的This is awatch.is n ew.2.指時(shí)間、天氣、距離等。如：今天天氣怎樣？ How's the weather today? 天氣晴朗。一 sunny.現(xiàn)在是晚上 8 點(diǎn)鐘。

15、eight o'clock in the eve ning.代替動(dòng)詞不定式作句中的形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，也可用于某些固定句式中。 對(duì)我而言，按時(shí)完成作業(yè)有困難。我們認(rèn)為晚飯后散步很有益。他花了三天時(shí)間讀完了那本書(shū)。3.如:hard for me to finish the homework on time.We thinkhelpful to go for a walk after supper. him three days finish read ing the book.專項(xiàng)練習(xí)二)1. -Who is speak ing? -is Joh n speak ing.A. you;

16、IB. that; This C. that; That D. this; This)2. -Have you found your lost mobile pho ne?No, I have n't found, but I bought this morning.A. one; itB. it; one C. that; one)3. The populati on of China is larger tha n of Japa n.A. itB. thisC. that D. /)4.is not easy for him to fin ish the work. A. Thi

17、s B. That C. It D. They)5. The boy found hard to get along with the other classmates.A.this B.thatC.it)6. Help to some fish, Jim and Tom.A.yourselfB. himself)7. No one helped Jane. She did it all by.B.my self)8. Don't worry, Mom. I can take care of.A.meB.myC.IA.itselfD. /C.myselfC. himself D, He

18、rselfD. one; thatD. yourselvesD.myself考點(diǎn)五不定代詞定義：不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞大都可以代替1.和形容詞。多數(shù)可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的不定代詞有:名詞some, any, no, none, one, all,用法.tH. tzzf*否定意義修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a few （幾個(gè)，一些）few （幾乎沒(méi)有）every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, a lot of, lots of 以及 s

19、ome, any, no, every 與thing, body 或 one構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。2.常用的意義相近的不定代詞之間的辨析() few, a few, little 與 a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞a little （一 點(diǎn)）little （很少，不多）如：他有一些朋友，但是他幾乎沒(méi)有好朋友。He has friends , but he has good friends.家里還有點(diǎn)肉，但是幾乎沒(méi)面包了。There's still meat at home, but there's bread.（二） some 與 any二者均表示“一些”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也

20、可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some 一般用 于肯定句，any 般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句。在疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請(qǐng)求、建議時(shí)用someo女口：來(lái)點(diǎn)兒茶嗎？Would you like?請(qǐng)你幫我弄點(diǎn)兒水好嗎？Will you please get for me?專項(xiàng)練習(xí)三）1. Jack has close frie nds. But he has n't writte n letters to them for half a year.A. some; someB. any; any C. any; some D. some; any）2. The flower

21、s are very beautiful. Would you like to buy?A. anyB. some C. fewD, a little）3. Hurry up, please. There is only time left.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few）4. She has friends here. She feels very lonely.A. a fewB. fewC. a little D, Little）5. If he has difficulties in math, I will give him a hand.

22、A. anyB. someC. noD. nothing（三）both, all, neither, either, any 與 none使用范圍都都不之一兩者bothn eithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany女口：我父母都是老師。My pare nts are teachers.馬路兩邊都有樹(shù)。There are some trees on side of the road.兩件大衣我都不喜歡。I like of these two coats.我們班沒(méi)有一個(gè)人喜歡踢足球。of us likes playi ng football in our class.（四）many

23、, much 與 a lot of三者都表示"許多"。其中 many和much常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中；肯定句中常用a lot of,lots ofo many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)； much修飾不可數(shù)名詞； a lot of （ =lots of）既可以修飾可 數(shù)名 詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。（五）each 與 every兩者都表示“每個(gè)，各個(gè)”，each強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)別情況，即強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體；every有“全體”的意思，即強(qiáng)調(diào)整體。女口：他們每人有一本詞典。of them has a dictio nary.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)每分鐘都很重要。 min ute is importa

24、 nt to us.( 六) another, (the)other 與 (the)others(1) other 泛指“另外的”，作形容詞時(shí)，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 any other 后常接單數(shù)名詞，表示 “其他任何一個(gè)”。(2) others 后不接名詞，泛指“別的人或物”, 相當(dāng)于“ othe+r 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)： some . others “一 ?些，另一些”；(3) the other 表示“兩者中的另一個(gè) '' ，常用結(jié)構(gòu)： one.the other. “一個(gè) . , 另一個(gè) 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“其余的” ( 特指 ) 。(4) the others 后不接名

25、詞，相當(dāng)于 "theother+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，表示“其余所有的人或物”。(5) another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)”，其后一般接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 如：你有別的想法嗎？Do you have any ideas?我有兩個(gè)兄弟。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是教師。I have two brothers.is a doctor, is a teacher. 他總是樂(lè)意幫助別人。 He is always ready to help. 別灰心，再試一次 。 Don't lose heart.Have try.專項(xiàng)練習(xí)四)1. He spent too time on computer

26、 games and made too mistakes in this exam.A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many)2. He has two daughters. One is a doctor,is a teacher.A. the otherB. othersC. the others D, other)3. There are tall buildings on sides of the road.A. eitherB. bothC. neitherD. all)4. -Did your parents g

27、o to see the film with you last night? No, we stayed at home watching TV.A. all B. both C. none D. neither)5. Do you often talk to like this? I hope you can change.A. other B. others C. the other D. another)6. This coat is too big for me. Can you show me one?A. the other B,other C. another D. others

28、 )7. There are only 12 students in the classroom. Where are?A. otherB. the other C. the others D. others)8. Jim is taller than any student in his class.A. otherB. another C. others D. the other(六) 復(fù)合不定代詞指代人的有 : someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, nobody, everyone/everybody o 指代事物的有： something, anythin

29、g, nothing, everything o請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1. 以 some 和 any 開(kāi)頭的復(fù)合不定代詞的用法和some, any 的用法一樣。2. 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要放在其后。如：今天的報(bào)紙有什么重要新聞嗎？ Is there in today's newspaper?3. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 如：沒(méi)有人知道他的名字。 Nobody his name.( 七 )none 和 no one / nobodynone 表示三者或三者以上的人或物，意為“沒(méi)有一個(gè)”，表示全部否定；后接 of 結(jié)構(gòu) , 作主 語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞即可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，

30、常用來(lái)回答 how many 問(wèn)句；no one / nobody 表否定，意為“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人" ，常用來(lái)回答 who 問(wèn)句，后不接 of 結(jié)構(gòu)。 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：教室里有多少學(xué)生？ 一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。 How many students in the classroom? . 沒(méi)有一個(gè)答案是正確的。 of the answers is / are right.- 誰(shuí)在教室里？ - 沒(méi)有人。 Who is in the classroom? .考點(diǎn)六疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞主要有who(誰(shuí)),whom(誰(shuí)),which(哪一個(gè)/哪一些),what(什么)和whose(誰(shuí)的),用來(lái)構(gòu)

31、成特殊疑問(wèn)句，放在句子開(kāi)頭。如：你想要知道什么 ? do you want to know?這是誰(shuí)的襯衫？ shirt is this?專項(xiàng)練習(xí)五()1. Tom*s father said at the meeting. He just sat there silently.A. somethingB. anythingC. everything D, nothing()2. The light is on. There must be in the office.A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobodyD, everybody()3. - Is there in tod

32、ay*s newspaper? -Nothing.A. anything interestingB. interesting anythingC. something interestingD. interesting something()4.did she say just now? A. What B. Who C. Where D. Why()5.1 want to know are they waiting for. A. what B. whose C. which D. whom()6.of them knows how to answer this question.A. Ne

33、itherB. Both C. All D. Many課后鞏固練習(xí)()1. My English is so poor, please help to improve it.A.meB. IC.myD.mine()2. Mary and Gina are my cousins.father works in Dongfeng Company.A. Their B. They C. ThemD. Theirs()3. Sam, who teaches Chinese?Mrs. White. She has lived in China for years.Chinese is very good

34、.A. you; Her B.your; Hers C.you; him D.your; She()4. Don't worry. We're old enough to look after.A. myselfB. meC. our selvesD. us()5.1 guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed at the dancing Party.A. myself B.himself C.herself D.themselves )6. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than

35、in Shanghai.A. this B. that C. it D. one)7. -Who is singing in the next room? must be Marie.A. It B. She C. This D. He )8. My mother used to prepare breakfast for every morning, but now I do it.A. I; herself B. I; myself C. me; myself D. me; herself)9. My brother likes painting. It's one of hobbies.A. he B.him C. his D. her )10. Could I use your e-dictionary, Mary? Sorry, but I haven't got.A. it B.one C. this D. that )11. Look! There are many beautiful flowers on side of