2018年天津高考英語：巧解高考完型

1、.2018年XX高考英語：巧解高考完型眾所周知，完形填空往往是同學(xué)們在考試當(dāng)中失分最多、提分最慢也是最沒把握的一個題型。這也令我們大部分的高三考生頭疼不已。今天，我們就來幫助大家好好分析一下這個“障礙”，下文會給大家一些實用的解題小建議，已起到“敲磚引玉”的作用。從命題規(guī)律上說，高考完形填空遵循“文章內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)生活化”和“以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”的命題原則，綜合考查考生的語言知識與能力。體裁多以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主。未來高考完形填空題將更加側(cè)重于考查語境，而實詞能較好地體現(xiàn)語境。因此，動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞的運用將會是完形填空考查的重中之重。一、考情分析命題規(guī)律：高考完形填空遵

2、循“文章內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)生活化”和“以實詞為主、虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”的名詞原則，綜合考查考生的語言知識與能力。命題趨勢：未來高考完形填空題將更加側(cè)重于考查語境，而實詞能較好地體現(xiàn)語境。因此，動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞的運用將會是完形填空考查的重中之重。二、真題統(tǒng)計動詞名詞形容詞副詞介詞連詞語法代詞201640%25%15%10%5%5%-201520%30%20%15%5%5%5%-201445%20%20%10%-5%-201335%20%20%15%10%5%5%-201240%25%15%5%5%5%-5%201130%35%10%10%5%5%5%-201045%35%10%5%5%-20

3、0940%35%10%-10%5%-三、解題步驟1. 通讀原文抓中心，理邏輯，懂大意第一遍讀文章時不要做題，而是跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要填空的短文，獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。在讀第一遍時要注意先讀懂文章的首句和末句，因為這兩句往往是沒有被挖空的句子。它們往往是全文的關(guān)鍵句，是文章的“窗口”和“指南”，可作為解題的突破口。通過讀文章的首句一般可判斷文章的體裁、人物、時間、事件和事態(tài)等。文章的最后一句或最后一段，往往是故事發(fā)展的結(jié)果，所陳述的事件的結(jié)論、啟示性的提示，或是對全篇文章的概括。因此，先讀一讀末句對理解文章是很有幫助的。首句：一般不設(shè)空畫一個中心詞（人/

4、事/物）首句通常是文章的主題句，通常不設(shè)空，便于考生對短文主體、內(nèi)容或背景有個大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供時間、地點、人物、事件、論點等有用的信息。把握主題句，對于理解全文和解題很有幫助。（2016XX）The journey my daughter Cathy has had with swimming is as long as it is beautiful.帶空閱讀且簡單空可以填固定搭配，語感，簡單推斷（2016課標(biāo)全國）Just before September, Miller was struck b a car and lost his right arm. I went to

5、 see him after he came back from 4 _. A. school B.vocationC.hospitalD.training尾句/尾段確認(rèn)自己對于文章中心的把握（2015XX）My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.Thats how we found our home and how I learned that when people are _, they are not strangers, only friends we havent met yet. 2

6、.精讀+做題解題技巧語境信息解題法（兩類提示+三大原則）提示信息的種類：詞，句子.提示信息的位置：上文，下文，緊鄰，較遠(yuǎn)（牢記原則和放一放原則）完形填空最主要的特點就是語境，即上下文。所以語境便是我們做題最重要的法門。完形填空中，有80%-90%的空都可以在上下文中找到提示信息，所以我們在做題的過程中，一定要注意該空的前后文。這些提示信息可能是一個詞，句子，事件或者“and”“but”連詞。它們可能就在該空的上一句或下一句，也可能在距離該空比較遠(yuǎn)的地方。對于提示詞比較遠(yuǎn)的時候，我們有兩種選擇：先猜，然后通過后文的提示進行確認(rèn)；先放一放，找到提示信息再返回做題。提示信息的種類：a.有時候，設(shè)空的

7、提示信息就是與之相關(guān)的一個詞，通過這個詞，我們可以從四個選項中排除出正確的答案。（2016XX）Cathy suffered some terrible 16_ in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17_became healthy.16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. IllnessIt was the greatest 34_ of my daughters life. With all she had been 35_ in her ten years, this

8、 was the hour of true triumph(成功).34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. Moment（2016）How could the medicine get to Nome The towns 4_ was already full of ice, so it couldnt e by ship.4. A.airportB.stationC.harborD.borderb.提示信息是一個句子：有時候我們的提示信息是一個句子，比如冒號或破折號之后的解釋說明或者說話內(nèi)容或者從句。1.（2016XX）There were mo

9、ments of 28_ of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race.28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise2.（2016XX）By the end of the first chapter, 16_ were ing from the back seat:“Please read a little 17_.”16. A.decisionsB.requestsC.mentsD.promises3. （2015XX）The next day, we g

10、ot a 27_ message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. 27. A. relaxing B. disappointing C. pleasantD. Regularc.牢記原則（2016課標(biāo)全國）That season, I _ all of Millers records while he _ the home games from the bench. We went 10-1and I was named most valuable player, _ I often had crazy dreams in

11、 which I was to blame for Millers _.His words freed me from my bad _.A.memoriesB.ideasC.attitudesD.dreamsd.放一放原則（2015課標(biāo)）He looks around at _. He stops when _- someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _, looking for more people with cold _.A. cars B.peopleC.street numbers D.traffic li

12、ghts（2014XX）_ was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. ._ we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson bee very _ about what had happened to the elderly couple.A. Her husband B. My son C.The crowd D. The seller e.整句讀原則（2015XX）But our funds were _

13、, none of the houses in our prices range seemed satisfactory.A.neededB.limitedC.enoughD.large復(fù)現(xiàn)解題法這類題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)形式。這種題型主要考查考生的整體篇章意識和上下文推斷能力。（2016XX）From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didnt _ a single practice. She had a_ intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-

14、old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this _ human being with a passion and mission.A. rich B.weakC.firmD.kindA.trustedB.determinedC.experiencedD.embarrassed（2015XX）Dad had a green b. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his _ and say, “good girl, help Da

15、ddy clean it, OK”. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me _ my b” I looked at him for a while, then _ the b and beaded to the sink.A. bag B.walletC.bD.brushA.sharpenB.repairC.cleanD.keep（2016XX）“No, its too long and it doesnt have any _,”plained Lainey.“Oh, thats where you are _; t

16、here are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to _ them. Its like magic.”A. Pictures B.storiesC.adventuresD.conversations固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法解題法習(xí)慣用法是英語中固定的結(jié)構(gòu),是不能隨意改的.平時學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)注意積累及掌握好習(xí)慣用法.同時,應(yīng)多注意詞語辨析及詞語搭配,要培養(yǎng)在特定語境中靈活運用詞語的能力. 對于這類型的考查，要求學(xué)生平時多積累并且牢記。（2013XX）From dawn to

17、dusk,he works countless hours to 31_ our family.A.supportB.settleC.startD.impress（2015課標(biāo)2）It 17_ me that playing against the other team was a great _ moment for all the girls on the team.A.confusedB.struckC.remindedD.warned（2015XX）Two years later, Dad started his own 6_, which wasnt doing so well. A

18、.familyB.businessC.taskD.journey邏輯關(guān)系解題法邏輯關(guān)系是一篇文章行文的主要線索，同時也是我們解題的一個主要線索。準(zhǔn)確把握句與句之間，段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系對于選擇正確答案起著至關(guān)重要的作用。這種邏輯關(guān)系主要包含并列、遞進、因果和轉(zhuǎn)折等。a. 時間關(guān)系:“before、 after、 later、as、when”等;（2015XX）He 5_ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.5. A.gave in B.broke down C.got away D.showed upb. 因果關(guān)系:“beca

19、use、 for、 since 、as so 、therefore、 thus”等;（2015XX）He added that Jason 17_ money because he would not tell a lie.17. A.borrowedB.lostC.madeD.savedc. 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:“but 、however、 nevertheless、 on the contrary”等 1.（2015XX）It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26_ than the original asking price.26.

20、 A. worse B. betterC. less D. higher2.（2015XX）I passed the clean b back to Dad. He smiled at me and 16_ placed his b on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 17_. Dad had aged. 17. A.differentB.excitingC.interestingD.urgentd. 并列關(guān)系:“and 、and also、 or 、neithernor、eitheror、not onlybut also、as well、similarly、in the same way、that is to say”等（2015）But he said that they were all 5_ people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. 5. A.proudB.richC.luckyD.nicee. 讓步關(guān)系:“although、though、even though、even if、no matter+疑問詞”等f. 條件關(guān)系:“if、only if、if only”等. （2016XX）33_ skills and talent