英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(例題1)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有 時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí) 有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we coul d a good college.A. enter B. to enterC. entering D. entered【陷阱】容易誤選Ao有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could就斷定此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形enter?！痉治觥科鋵?shí)正確答案應(yīng)是Bo此句為省略句，即在 could后

2、省略了動(dòng)詞 do,若把句子補(bǔ)完整應(yīng)為 Everyone in our class was working hard a nd doing what we could do to enter a good college o 即句中的不定式短 語(yǔ)(to enter a good college)是用作目的狀語(yǔ)的，而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(could)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏搭?lèi)似例句： They did what they could to comfort her.他們盡量安慰她。(2) They did everything they could to save her life.他們盡一切力 量拯救她的性

3、命。(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmate s.他拼命學(xué)習(xí)以便趕上他的同學(xué)。值得指出的是，這也并不是說(shuō)今后只要遇到類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)的題就一定選帶to不定式。請(qǐng)看以下試題：(4) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus.A. to hope B. hopeC. hoping D. hoped此題的答案是 C不是A,其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)hoping to catch the early bus用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。(5) He spent every minute

4、he could spoken English.A. practise B. to practiseC. practising D. practised此題答案選 C,這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend(in) d oing sth。若將此句補(bǔ)充完整，即為 He spent every minute he could spe nd in practising spoken English.(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could D his ora l English.A. improve B. to improveC. i

5、mproving D. to improving此題答案選D,注意兩點(diǎn)：一是 devoteto是固定搭配，意為 把貢獻(xiàn)給”二是其中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要 用動(dòng)名詞。2. He knows nothing about it, so he can' Ihelp any of yo ur work.A. doing B. to doC. being doing D. to be done【陷阱】容易誤選B,根據(jù)can' thelp doing sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)推出?！痉治觥科鋵?shí)答案應(yīng)選Ao比較以下結(jié)構(gòu)：can' thelp to do sth =不能幫助做某

6、事can' thelp doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事又如下面一題，答案也是 B:She can' thelp the house because she' S)usy making a cake.A cleaning B. to cleanC. cleaned D. being cleaned再請(qǐng)看以下試題：While shopping, people sometimes can' thelp into buying so mething they don' really need.A. to persuade B. persua

7、dingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded此題應(yīng)選C,句中的can' thelp意為 禁不住”注意根據(jù)句意用被動(dòng)形3. All her time experiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?！痉治觥看祟}最佳答案為Bo現(xiàn)分析如下：devote意為 致力于，獻(xiàn)身于"，主要用 devote to 或be devoted to,其

8、中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不用不定式。(2)選A錯(cuò)誤：若將 do改為doing則可以。(3)選 B 正確：all her time devoted to doing experiments 為獨(dú)立主格 結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語(yǔ)。(4)選C錯(cuò)誤：因?yàn)閍ll her time與devote為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將 dev oting 改為 devoted 。（5）選 D 錯(cuò)誤：若單獨(dú)看All her time is devoted to doing experiments,此句并沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是逗號(hào)前后兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句沒(méi)有必要的連接方式， 所以從整體上看仍不對(duì)，假若在后一句的句首加上and

9、或so,則可選D,或?qū)將中的is改為being也可選它。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例：虛擬語(yǔ)氣（例題）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí) 難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所 幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。1. I forget where I read the article, or I it to you now.A. will show B. would showC. am going to show D. am showing【陷阱】 幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?！痉治觥?正確答案選Bo根據(jù)上文的語(yǔ)境可知句中的or隱含有一個(gè)虛擬的條件，即 or

10、=if I didn ' tforget where I read the article（要是我沒(méi)忘記 我在哪兒讀過(guò)這篇文章的話(huà) 一一但事實(shí)上忘了）。2. “It100ks as if he were drunk. ” "Soit does. .”A. He' dbetter give up drinkingB. He shouldn ' have drunk so muchC. Health is more important than drinkD. I wonder why he is always doing so【陷阱】 幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，主

11、要是受句中drunk 一詞的影響?！痉治觥?最佳答案為Do關(guān)鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk中 的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句子既然用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也就是說(shuō)，池喝醉了 ”不是事實(shí)，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是Do3. “Mary looks hot and dry" "So you if you had so high a f1ever.A. do B. areC. will D. would【陷阱】 容易誤選A或C。選A者，認(rèn)為前后兩句的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)應(yīng)一致；選C者，認(rèn)為其后帶有if條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從語(yǔ)氣上看，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)?！痉治觥看祟}最佳答案為

12、Do分析如下：(1) “so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”是一個(gè)很有用的結(jié)構(gòu)，它表示“也一樣”時(shí)。 如：He likes to watch TV, and so do I.他喜歡看電視，我也一樣。When animals and plants disappear, so will man.當(dāng)動(dòng)植物消失的時(shí) 候，人類(lèi)也會(huì)隨之消失。(2)由于空格后的if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣(這是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would而不用will ,即答案應(yīng)選Do英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法經(jīng)典例題800例：強(qiáng)調(diào)句(例題)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí) 難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們

13、的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所 幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。1. that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A. It was we being late B. It was our being lateC. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late【陷阱】 此題容易誤選 D,認(rèn)為強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句because we were late?！痉治觥?但實(shí)際上，此題的答案為B,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語(yǔ)our being late,此題若還原成非強(qiáng)調(diào)句，即為：Our being lat

14、e caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.注意，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)是，若去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)it is wasthat ；句子仍然成立；換句話(huà)說(shuō)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中的that不能充當(dāng)句子成分。2. “Howwas they discovered the entrance to the undergrou nd palace " "Tota11yby chance.”A. it that B. he thatC. it when D. he which【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均可能誤選?！痉治觥?答案選A,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式，

15、其相應(yīng)的陳述句形式 為：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the u nderground palace.比較以下各題，它們也屬?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式： Who was it saved the drowning girlA. since B. as C. that D. he答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 who ,該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl.這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式（即對(duì)其中的Tom提問(wèn)而 得）。（2） What is it his daug

16、hter needs mostA. what B. which C. that D. if答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 what ,該句實(shí)為類(lèi)似 It is a bike that his d aughter needs most.這類(lèi)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式（即對(duì)其中的a bike提問(wèn)而得）。3. was very that little Jim wrote the letter.A. It, careful B. It, carefullyC. He, careful D. He, carefullyA,認(rèn)為【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，但最有可能誤選的可能是這是一個(gè)普通的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，即認(rèn)為第二空

17、要填形容詞作表語(yǔ)?！痉治觥?其實(shí)，此題是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其非強(qiáng)調(diào)形式為L(zhǎng)ittle Jim wrotethe letter very carefully.若用it isthat的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的狀語(yǔ) very carefully即為上面一題的題干，所以答案應(yīng)選B。請(qǐng)看下面幾例，也屬?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)： It was when she was about to go to bed the telephone rang.A. since B. as C. that D. then答案選 C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 when she was about to go to bed這一時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2) It may h

18、ave been at Christmas John gave Mary a handba g.A. before B. who C. that D. when答案選C,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 at Christmas,其中的動(dòng)詞 be采用了 may have been這一較為復(fù)雜的形式。4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterda y” " Itwas in the hall the studentsoften have a meeting.”A. where B. whichC. that D. when

19、【陷阱】很可能誤選 C,認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in the hall o【分析】假若選 C,即有 It was in the hall that the students often h ave a meeting ,該句的意思是學(xué)生們通常是在大廳開(kāi)會(huì)”，單獨(dú)看這一句，無(wú)論是其意思還是其語(yǔ)法均未錯(cuò)，但若將其與1上文聯(lián)系起來(lái)看，則不通，因?yàn)樯衔牡囊馑际悄闶窃谀膬赫业阶蛱熳鲌?bào)告的那位教授的“假若將答句改為It was in the hall that I found the professor,則完全可以。其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是A, where the students often ha

20、ve a meeting為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾其前的名詞 the hall,句意為是在學(xué)生們經(jīng)常開(kāi)會(huì)的那個(gè)大廳(找到教授的)"，這樣語(yǔ)意就通順了。5. It was what he meant rather than what he said annoyed me.A. which B. asC. what D. that【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?！痉治觥看祟}為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，空格處應(yīng)填that (即選D),被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 what he meant rather than what he said。句意為 讓我生氣的不是他說(shuō)的話(huà)，而是他話(huà)中的意思請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧衫?1) It was h

21、is nervousness in the interview probably lost hi m the job.A. which B. since C. that D. what答案選 C,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為his nervousness in the interview,句意為很可能是面試時(shí)表現(xiàn)出緊張，使他失去了這份工作(2) It is the ability to do the job matters not where you co me from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it答案選B,為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為th

22、e ability to do the job,句意為 重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你來(lái)自何地或你是從事什么工作的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全經(jīng)典例題800例：名詞性從句（例題）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí) 難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所 幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。典型陷阱題分析 1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood he said meant.A. that B. whatC. that that D. what what【陷阱】 可能誤選Bo許多同學(xué)

23、一看選項(xiàng)首先就排除了 C和D,認(rèn)為這 樣兩個(gè) 引導(dǎo)詞”疊用的情況不太可能。 在A(yíng)和B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)A肯定不 行，因?yàn)樗龑?dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能充當(dāng)句子成分，所以便選擇了Bo【分析】正確答案選D。第一個(gè)what用作動(dòng)詞meant的賓語(yǔ)，第二 個(gè) what 用作動(dòng)詞 said 的賓語(yǔ)，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 為主句，what what he said meant為賓語(yǔ)從句，而在此賓語(yǔ)從句中又包括有 what he said這樣一個(gè)主 語(yǔ)從句。2. After had happene

24、d he could not continue to work ther e.A. which B. howC. what D. having【陷阱】可能誤選Ao【分析】最佳答案選 Co有的同學(xué)誤選 A,是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為介詞后應(yīng)接關(guān)系 代詞which,但實(shí)際上，若填關(guān)系代詞，其前沒(méi)有先行詞，這根據(jù)不是一個(gè)1定語(yǔ)從句。另外，由于 had happened缺主語(yǔ)，所以B和D也不能選。請(qǐng) 再做下面一題(答案選B):He pointed to looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”A. that B. whatC. which D. as3. "Is you w

25、ant to say“ asked the teacher.A. this B. thatC. all that D. that all【陷阱】 根據(jù)中文字面意思誤選A或B?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢高xDo假若選A或B,那么轉(zhuǎn)換成陳述句即為：Thisis you want to say. / That is you want to say.顯然句中的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is與want相沖突。選D組成的句子是 Is that all you want to say其中的that為句子主語(yǔ)，all為表語(yǔ)，you want to say為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾all。4. "When leave for Jap

26、an" "When leave for Japan is kept secret.”A. they will, will they B. will they, they willC. they will, they will D. will they, will they【陷阱】可能誤選D,認(rèn)為 when后應(yīng)用疑問(wèn)句詞序?！痉治觥?最佳答案選 Bo第一個(gè)when引出的是一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句，故用疑問(wèn)詞序；第二個(gè)when引出的是主語(yǔ)從句，故其后用陳述句詞序。請(qǐng)做以下試題(答案選C)：(1) None knows if that boy, but if him, her paren

27、ts will be disappointed.A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marriesC. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry(2) “Where go to work""Where go to work is not known.A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall weC. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we5. So

28、meone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is he B. who he isC. who is it D. who it is【陷阱】 幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選?！痉治觥看祟}最佳答案為D。首先可以排除A和C,因?yàn)榭崭裉帉?shí)為一 個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，所以不能用疑問(wèn)句詞序。另一方面，但按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，當(dāng)用于指 代身份不明的人時(shí)，要用代詞it,而不用he或she等。比較以下兩句：Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you.史密斯先生在門(mén)口， 他想見(jiàn)你。Someone is at the door. It may

29、 be the postman.有個(gè)人在口，可 能是郵遞員。第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith ,所以后面用代詞 he;而第二句因前 面用的是不定代詞 someone,說(shuō)明此人身份尚不明確，故其后用了代詞it來(lái)指代。6. Don' t you know, my dear friend , it is your money not yo u that she lovesA. who B. whichC. that D. what【陷阱】 此題容易誤選 A或B:選A的同學(xué)認(rèn)為這是指人的，故用 w ho;選B的同學(xué)認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，兩者都是誤認(rèn)為這是定語(yǔ)從句 （注意沒(méi)有先行詞）。

30、【分析】其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選Co that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，用作動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)，它只是被句中的插入語(yǔ)my dear friend隔開(kāi)罷了。請(qǐng)做以下試題(答案土勻?yàn)镃)： Everyone knows, perhaps except you, your girl-friend is a cheat.A. who B. whichC. that D. what(2) I think, though I could be mistaken, she liked me.A. who B. whichC. that D. what(3) He told me the news, believe it o

31、r not, he had earned $1 000 in a single day.A. that B. whichC. as D. because前面兩題that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，后面一題that同位語(yǔ)從句(修(the news)。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全，本章主要介紹英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的句子成分，希望對(duì)同 學(xué)們的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。特殊同位語(yǔ)歸納當(dāng)兩個(gè)詞或詞組在一個(gè)句子中具有相同的語(yǔ)法地位而且描述相同的人或事物時(shí)，我們稱(chēng)它們?yōu)橥徽Z(yǔ)?；拘问降耐徽Z(yǔ)大家一般不會(huì)出錯(cuò)，但有幾種同位語(yǔ)，或由于本身結(jié)構(gòu)特殊，或由于它修飾的成分結(jié)構(gòu)比較特殊

32、，往往會(huì)引起誤解。現(xiàn)小結(jié)并舉例說(shuō)明如下，希望引起同學(xué)們的注意。1 .代詞we, us, you等后接同位語(yǔ)Are you two reading 你們二人在看書(shū)嗎They three joined the school team.他們 3 人參加了校隊(duì)。She has great concern for us students. 她對(duì)我們學(xué)生彳艮關(guān)心。He asked you boys to be quiet.他要你們男孩子安靜些。We girls often go to the movies together. 我女孩子經(jīng)常一起去看 電影。2 .不定式用作同位語(yǔ)Soon came the o

33、rder to start the general attack.很快下達(dá)了發(fā)起總 攻的命令。（to start the general attack 與 the order 同位）He followed the instruction to walk along a certain street where I p icked him up.他照吩咐沿某一條街走，我在那里接他上了車(chē)。（to walk along與 the instruction 同位）3 . -ing分詞用作同位語(yǔ)He's getting a job tonight driving a truck.他今晚得到一個(gè)開(kāi)卡車(chē)的 差事。（driving a track 與 a job 同位）She got a place in a laundry ironing shirts.她在一家洗衣店得至U一 個(gè)熨衣服的職位。（ironing shirts與a place同位）The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.第個(gè)計(jì)戈U是夜 襲，被拒絕了。（attacking at night 與 the first plan 同位）4 .形容詞用作同位語(yǔ)The current affair