用 MATLAB設計一個萬年歷

1、 課程論文用 MATLAB設計一個萬年歷課 程數(shù)學軟件學生姓名學 號手機號碼所在學院理學院所在班級信計1134任課教師提交時間2015年 06 月 07日目錄萬年歷的效果圖2第一章 設計目的與要求.31.1 設計目的.31.2 設計要求.3第二章 GUI界面設計32.1 打開GUI .32.2 添加按鈕控件.42.3 根據(jù)控件的屬性及視覺效果做一定的修改.52.4 保存、添加功能函數(shù).52.4.1 在“nian_edit1_Callback”中編寫代碼.52.4.2 在“yue_edit2_Callback”中編寫代碼.62.4.3 在“zhou_pushbutton1_Callback”中編

2、寫代碼.62.4.4 在“rili_pushbutton2_Callback”中編寫代碼.6第三章 萬年歷的使用.73.1 運行.83.2 輸入.83.3 錯誤警告.9第四章 改寫界面.10第五章 結(jié)論、問題解決及改進.105.1結(jié)論與討論.105.2問題解決105.3可以加以改進的地方10第六章 心得體會.11參考文獻.11附錄：源程序代碼11萬年歷效果圖第一章 設計目的與要求：1.1設計目的：通過萬年歷程序的設計，培養(yǎng)學生綜合利用MATLAB進行程序設計的能力，加強函數(shù)的運用，提高軟件系統(tǒng)分析能力和程序文檔建立、歸納總結(jié)的能力，培養(yǎng)學生利用系統(tǒng)提供的標準函數(shù)及典型算法進行設計，開發(fā)應用軟件

3、。     通過本項課程設計，可以培養(yǎng)獨立思考、 綜合運用所學有關相應知識的能力，能更好的鞏固數(shù)學軟件課程學習的內(nèi)容，掌握 GUI界面設計的基本方法，更加了解了MATLAB的好處和其可用性！ 1.2設計要求：設計一個萬年歷GUI界面，其界面布局如上圖，包括“輸入年份”、“輸入月份”、“顯示星期”、“顯示日歷”等控件。在界面上任意輸入某個具體年份和月份，單擊按鈕即可顯示本月的日歷及其對應的星期（0表示沒有數(shù)字日期）。第二章 GUI界面設計：2.1打開GUI輸入Guide回車或者在工具欄上點擊圖標打開Guide窗口：2

4、.2添加按鈕控件1、選取5個靜態(tài)文本控件，用來定義“輸入年份”、“輸入月份”、“星期”、“當月日歷顯示區(qū)”，以及顯示每周的“日”、“一”、“二”、“三”、“四”、“五”、“六”；2、選取兩個push button按鈕空間用來定義“顯示星期”、“顯示日歷”；3、添加兩個編輯文本框控件用來輸入具體的數(shù)字年份和月份；4、添加42個編輯文本框控件，用來顯示具體的日期。（具體擺放如下圖）2.3 根據(jù)控件的屬性及視覺效果做一定的修改1、雙擊“輸入年份”、“輸入月份”、“星期”和“當月日歷顯示區(qū)”這4個靜態(tài)文本框，在“String”文本框中輸入相應的中文，將字體大小“FontSize”設置為20，其他默認即

5、可。2、對于“星期”下方的靜態(tài)文本框，“String”文本框中不輸入任何內(nèi)容，將字體大小“FontSize”設置為25，在“Tag”文本框中輸入“xingqi_text4”。3、對于輸入年份和月份的編輯文本框，在“String”文本框中輸入0，將字體大小“FontSize”設置為18，在“Tag”文本框中分別輸入“nian_edit1”和“yue_edit2”。4、對于兩個push button按鈕，在“String”文本框中分別輸入“顯示星期”和“顯示日期”，將字體大小“FontSize”都設置為20，在“Tag”文本框中分別輸入“zhou_pushbutton1”和“rili_pushbu

6、tton2”。5、對于42個編輯文本框，首先將“Enable”屬性中的“on”設置為“inactive”，使其轉(zhuǎn)為靜態(tài)文本框，并且保持控件的高亮狀態(tài)；其次，在“String”文本框中都不輸入任何內(nèi)容；最后在“Tag”文本框中從左到右、按列依次輸入“r1_edit”、“r2_edit”、···、“r42_edit”。2.4保存、添加功能函數(shù)把做好的按鈕及靜態(tài)文本框保存為“wannianli.fig”后自動彈出Editor的M文本，然后對相應的控件添加功能函數(shù)。以下是相應控件的功能函數(shù)的代碼。（單擊工具欄中的按鈕可快速跳轉(zhuǎn)到各個控件的回調(diào)函數(shù)）2.4.1在“nian_

7、edit1_Callback”中編寫代碼function nian_edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% 添加如下程序：input=str2num(get(hObject,'String'); % 輸入年份if(isempty(input) set(hObject,'String','0')endguidata(hObject,handles);2.4.2在“yue_edit2_Callback”中編寫代碼function yue_edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdat

8、a, handles)input=str2num(get(hObject,'String'); % 輸入月份if(isempty(input) set(hObject,'String','0')endif input>=13 errordlg('月份不能超過12','警告') % 顯示警告信息庫endguidata(hObject,handles);2.4.3在“zhou_pushbutton1_Callback”中編寫代碼function zhou_pushbutton1_Callback(hObject,

9、 eventdata, handles)% 添加如下程序：h='日''一''二''三''四''五''六' % 顯示結(jié)果set(handles.xingqi_text4,'String',h); % 更新結(jié)構(gòu)體guidata(hObject,handles);2.4.4在“rili_pushbutton2_Callback”中編寫代碼function rili_pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% 添加如下

10、程序：nian=get(handles.nian_edit1,'String');yue=get(handles.yue_edit2,'String');year=str2num(nian);month=str2num(yue);%找出各年12個月的天數(shù)for m=1:12 if mod(year,4)=0&mod(year,100)=0|mod(year,400)=0 D=31 29 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31; else D=31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31; end Y=D(1:

11、m);end%定義初始值run=0; %閏年初始值ping=0; %平年初始值%計算從第一年到前一年的閏年和平年的個數(shù)for q=1:year-1 if(mod(q,4)=0&mod(q,100)=0)|mod(q,400)=0 run=run+1; else ping=ping+1; endend%計算從第一年到當年前一個月的天數(shù)S=366*run+365*ping;for p=1:month-1 S=S+Y(p);end%獲得這個月的天數(shù)n=Y(month);A=zeros(n,1);S=S+1;%計算這個月的第一天是星期幾w=mod(S,7);for k=1:n A(w+k)=k

12、;endT=A(1:end);zeros(42-length(A),1); %沒有日期用0代替set(handles.r1_edit,'String',num2str(T(1); %顯示結(jié)果set(handles.r2_edit,'String',num2str(T(2);set(handles.r3_edit,'String',num2str(T(3);%以下類推，直到r40_edit（在此省略，但在M文件上必須全部寫上）%_set(handles.r41_edit,'String',num2str(T(4);set(handl

13、es.r42_edit,'String',num2str(T(5);guidata(hObject,handles);第三章 萬年歷的使用3.1運行單擊本M文件編輯窗口中工具欄中的“運行”按鈕，或單擊GUIDE的輸出編輯器中的工具欄中的按鈕，創(chuàng)建功能GUI界面，如下圖3.2輸入 在圖中輸入年份為“2015”，輸入月份為“2”，單擊“顯示星期”按鈕和“顯示日歷”按鈕，顯示結(jié)果如下圖3.3錯誤警告若在“輸入月份”文本框中輸入的數(shù)字超過12，則會彈出警告對話框提示錯誤。例如輸入月份“13”，則彈出如下圖所示警告窗口。第四章 改寫界面注意到上圖左上角名稱為“萬年歷”而不是“wannia

14、nli”,其實修改很簡單，只需在輸出編輯器界面中，單擊鼠標右鍵，從彈出的快捷菜單中選擇“Property Inspector”命令，打開界面屬性窗口。將窗口的標題（Name屬性）設置為“萬年歷”，關閉該窗口，并運行界面，顯示結(jié)果就是創(chuàng)建的“萬年歷”窗口。在圖中輸入年份為“2015”，輸入月份為“6”，單擊“顯示星期”按鈕和“顯示日歷”按鈕，顯示結(jié)果就是所要創(chuàng)建的GUI界面。第五章 結(jié)論、問題解決與改進5.1結(jié)論與討論：經(jīng)過多次實驗，本程序進行本月日歷的顯示及對應的星期的結(jié)果符合事實。5.2問題解決：如出現(xiàn)界面數(shù)字混亂，可能是因為42個文本框沒有從上到下依次添加，可以交換編輯文本框位置，直到顯示

15、的日歷符合事實為止。5.3可以加以改進的地方：1可對GUI界面進行適當美化2可增加農(nóng)歷3加如節(jié)日和農(nóng)歷節(jié)氣的顯示第六章 心得體會目前流行的計算機日歷程序，比較典型的是Windows各版本中的日歷程序以及基礎于該程序所開發(fā)的各種應用程序中的日歷程序。然而，這些程序都千篇一律的局限在一個很短的時間范圍內(nèi)。（Windows各個版本一般都局限在1980年至2099年這一范圍內(nèi)），但是，在很多情況下，特別是在眾多的科學研究領域中，一個時間跨度較大的日歷程序是很有參考價值的。 經(jīng)過一個學期對數(shù)學軟件的學習，我們學習了理論知識，了解了MATLAB這個軟件，這些知識都為我們的下一步學習打下了堅實的基

16、礎。通過課程設計，一方面是為了檢查我們一個學期來我們學習的成果，另一方面也是為了讓我們進一步的掌握和運用它，同時也讓我們認清自己的不足之處和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，加以彌補和加強。 通過本次的MATLAB設計，讓我對MATLAB尤其是GUI可視化圖形界面的設計功能有了進一步的了解，認識到其功能的強大和豐富的內(nèi)置函數(shù)及工具箱。在MATLAB萬年歷的設計中，了解關于MATLAB圖形用戶界面的部分空間的使用方法，利用MATLAB的GUI提供的很多實用控件，方便用于設計自己的圖形界面。在萬年歷的編寫過程中也體會到了做事情一頂要細心、認真。更加知道了要掌握好基礎知識。還有體會到了成功的感覺！通過本項課程設計

17、也培養(yǎng)了我獨立思考、 綜合運用所學有關相應知識的能力。參考文獻【1】楊德平、趙維加、管殿柱.MATLAB基礎教程.機械工業(yè)出版社.2014.11【2】施曉紅、周佳.精通GUI圖形界面教程M.北京:北京理工大學出版社.2003.【3】羅華飛.MATLAB GUI設計學習手記M.北京:北京航空航天大學出版社.2009.8.1 附錄：程序源代碼function varargout = wannianli(varargin)% WANNIANLI MATLAB code for wannianli.fig% WANNIANLI, by itself, creates a new W

18、ANNIANLI or raises the existing% singleton*.% H = WANNIANLI returns the handle to a new WANNIANLI or the handle to% the existing singleton*.% WANNIANLI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,.) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in WANNIANLI.M with the given input arguments.% WANNIANLI(&

19、#39;Property','Value',.) creates a new WANNIANLI or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before wannianli_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs

20、are passed to wannianli_OpeningFcn via varargin.% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help wannianli% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 17-May-2

21、015 21:12:01% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, . 'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, . 'gui_OpeningFcn', wannianli_OpeningFcn, . 'gui_OutputFcn', wannianli_OutputFcn, . 'gui_LayoutFcn', , . 'gui

22、_Callback', );if nargin && ischar(varargin1) gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1);endif nargout varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);else gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:);end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% - Executes just before wannianli is made visib

23、le.function wannianli_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arg

24、uments to wannianli (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for wannianlihandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes wannianli wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% - Outputs from this function are returned to the

25、command line.function varargout = wannianli_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

26、% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout1 = handles.output;function nian_edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to nian_edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see

27、GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of nian_edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of nian_edit1 as a doubleinput=str2num(get(hObject,'String');if(isempty(input) set(hObject,'String','0')endguidata(hObject,handles)

28、;% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function nian_edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to nian_edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns cal

29、led% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% - Executes on button press in zh

30、ou_pushbutton1.function zhou_pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to zhou_pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)h='日''一''二''三'

31、9;四''五''六'set(handles.xingqi_text4,'String',h);guidata(hObject,handles);function r1_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r1_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user

32、data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r1_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r1_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r1_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hOb

33、ject handle to r1_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,&#

34、39;BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction r2_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r2_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles

35、 structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r2_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r2_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r2_edit_CreateFcn(

36、hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r2_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc

37、&& isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction r3_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r3_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a

38、future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r3_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r3_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all prope

39、rties.function r3_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r3_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows

40、.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction r4_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r4_edit (see GCBO)% eventda

41、ta reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r4_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r4_edit as a double% - Executes during object

42、creation, after setting all properties.function r4_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r4_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually h

43、ave a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction r5_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject hand

44、le to r5_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r5_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r5_edit as a

45、double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r5_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r5_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns call

46、ed% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction r6_edit_Callback(hObject,

47、eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r6_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r6_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')

48、returns contents of r6_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r6_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r6_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not create

49、d until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfu

50、nction r7_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r7_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r7_edit as text% str2doub

51、le(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r7_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r7_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r7_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% h

52、andles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor') set(hObject,'Background

53、Color','white');endfunction r8_edit_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r8_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns cont

54、ents of r8_edit as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String') returns contents of r8_edit as a double% - Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function r8_edit_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to r8_edit (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a futu