定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)及習(xí)題

1、The Attributive ClauseWhich one is Harry Porter ?The boy _ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，why二、用法二、用法: :These are the trees which / that were planted last year.先先行行

2、詞詞是是人人關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: who whom whose that which先行詞是先行詞是物物These are the students who / that won the first place last year.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)指人指人whothatwhomthatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose1.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞3. 只能用只能用that的情況的情況 序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或或形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)修飾先行詞時(shí) Tom i

3、s the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代詞不定代詞作先行作先行詞時(shí)詞時(shí) Everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行詞被先行詞被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。Ive read all th

4、e books that you lend me. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。This is the very book that belongs to him. 主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)時(shí)Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. 當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人人和和物物時(shí)時(shí)Ive never heard of the people and things

5、 that you talked about just now. The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)4. 不不能用能用that的情況的情況 But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 Anyone who does that must be mad. 當(dāng)先行詞是指人的

6、不定代詞時(shí)，用當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞時(shí)，用who而不用而不用that. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 當(dāng)先行詞是人稱代詞當(dāng)先行詞是人稱代詞I, you, he, they等，用等，用who而不用而不用that Those who have good manners will be highly respected.當(dāng)先行詞為指人的當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時(shí)時(shí),用用who 而而 不用不用that There is a young man who wants to see you.在在there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞

7、指人時(shí)，用結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時(shí)，用who而而不用不用that.5.從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化：從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化：1)He who does not reach the great wall is not a true man.先行詞先行詞從句從句 關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須和人稱和數(shù)上必須和先行詞先行詞保持一致保持一致 Sarah was the only one of the youngest girls who plays the violin.This is one of the most in

8、teresting questions that have been asked. “the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞做先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞做先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。詞用單數(shù)。 “one of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”做先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)做先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；數(shù)形式；5.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí) (介詞提前介詞提前) .指人只用指人只用whom, 指指 物只用物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 介詞介詞 + whic

9、hwhom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)鍵是介詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)鍵是介詞的選擇，選擇方法如下：的選擇，選擇方法如下： 1) 動(dòng)詞與先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配動(dòng)詞與先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配 2) 動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系e.g. The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing. The man with whom you shake hands is my teacher. The room in which my family lived used to be a garage. The key (that/which) you a

10、re looking for may be at home. Is he the man (who/ whom/that) you are taking care of ? 某些動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配是分不開(kāi)的，固定某些動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配是分不開(kāi)的，固定搭配，若分開(kāi)則意思改變。搭配，若分開(kāi)則意思改變。6. Whose= of which 或或 of whom The department of which he is in charge sells clothes. The man whose father was killed in the accident is headmaster of our

11、 school 若若of不具有所屬關(guān)系的含義時(shí)，只能用不具有所屬關(guān)系的含義時(shí)，只能用of which, 不能用不能用whose替代替代 若表示所屬關(guān)系的若表示所屬關(guān)系的whose是人時(shí)，不是人時(shí)，不能用能用of whom來(lái)替代來(lái)替代7.在在there be.或或that be.的結(jié)構(gòu)中，引的結(jié)構(gòu)中，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom可省略可省略There is something (that/ which) puzzles me.That was someone (who) asked for you, Bill.由由Who Who 引導(dǎo)的定

12、語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The g

13、entleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for _ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that由由Whom Whom 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做賓引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)介詞提前時(shí)只能用介詞提前時(shí)只能用 whom7. A child

14、_ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students _ native(本國(guó)的本國(guó)的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that由由Whose Whose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句, , 在句

15、中做定語(yǔ)在句中做定語(yǔ)10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11、 The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、The room in _ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. A. whi

16、ch B. who C. when由由Which Which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)介詞提前時(shí)只能用介詞提前時(shí)只能用 whichthat14. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞 all, few, little, much, something

17、, nothing, anything只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)16. Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17. This is the first car _ arrived this morning. A. which B. who C. that 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)18. I know all people _ are from that village. A. who B. that C. whose1

18、9. There is no water _ is needed badly. A. which B. who C. that20. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. that C. in which先行詞被先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)21. That is the very book _ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in his house, t

19、he old car is the only thing _ he owns. A. who B. that C. which先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修飾時(shí)等修飾時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which先行詞被既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞被既有人又有物時(shí)只能用只能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)24. Who is the worker _ took some p

20、ictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which主句已有主句已有who或或which時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month i

21、s very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)

22、先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen si

23、nce I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when/ where/why when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):She

24、 will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy 作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ), 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.Oct